發(fā)布時間：2018-04-17 07:40

  本文選題：人身危險性 + 刑法地位��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑法理論中的人身危險性對我國來說屬于舶來品，學(xué)界對人身危險性的基本理論、評估以及具體運用一直爭論不斷，分歧的存在必然會影響到實務(wù)中的運用。如何能夠在不推翻我國現(xiàn)有刑法理論框架的前提下，將人身危險性融入進我國刑法理論，更好地指導(dǎo)我國的司法實踐，遂成需要解決的現(xiàn)實問題。本文從人身危險性的基本理論入手，論述人身危險性的刑法運用。 本文共約三萬字，分以下四個部分： 第一部分人身危險性的基礎(chǔ)理論。這一部分主要闡釋了人身危險性的概念、歷史。在剖析了存在爭議的各個概念之后，文章指出刑法學(xué)意義上的人身危險性不同于犯罪學(xué)中的人身危險性，不能將初犯可能性囊括在內(nèi)，應(yīng)包括再犯可能性和改造可能性。 第二部分人身危險性的刑法地位。這一部分分析了關(guān)于人身危險性地位存在的爭議，即可否作為定罪的依據(jù)、如何影響量刑、行刑階段的具體評估等，并從人身危險性的理論地位、實踐缺失角度分析指出人身危險性是質(zhì)與量的統(tǒng)一，是與社會危害性相并列的刑法學(xué)范疇，人身危險性的大小在定罪中會影響到對出入罪的判斷，在量刑中會決定對刑罰幅度的選擇，行刑階段人身危險性的變化會關(guān)系到減刑、假釋的適用。 第三部分人身危險性的責(zé)任機理。這一部分指出，人身危險性影響刑事責(zé)任的具體作用原理和過程，是通過反倫理性評價實現(xiàn)的。人身危險性同刑事責(zé)任本質(zhì)的契合點在于反倫理性，即人身危險性是通過對反倫理性的判斷，以是否反倫理、反倫理的程度如何來影響刑事責(zé)任的有無、大小的評價。 第四部分人身危險性的運用。人身危險性是抽象意義上的刑法學(xué)范疇，無法直接地作用于司法實務(wù)，也無法直接地被人們所感知。盡管如此，人身危險性屬于行為人范疇，行為人犯罪前后的各種情節(jié)體現(xiàn)了其主觀的反社會傾向和客觀的人身危險的統(tǒng)一，廣泛存在的情節(jié)正是人身危險性的外在表征。文章通過分析行為人的各種情節(jié)論述情節(jié)對人身危險性如何產(chǎn)生影響，，并具體分析了不同情節(jié)的作用方向和作用程度。同時，結(jié)合文章前三部分對人身危險性責(zé)任機理及評估的探討，提出司法工作者應(yīng)當(dāng)從思想上重視人身危險性、評估應(yīng)當(dāng)注重專業(yè)性和精確性、審判階段對人身危險性須全面考慮以及行刑個別化改革不能脫離人身危險性等建議，希望對司法實務(wù)操作有所幫助。
[Abstract]:The personal danger in the theory of criminal law is foreign to our country. The basic theory, evaluation and concrete application of personal dangerousness are constantly debated in academic circles, and the existence of differences will inevitably affect the application in practice.How to integrate personal dangerousness into the theory of criminal law without overthrowing the existing theoretical framework of criminal law and better guide our judicial practice becomes a practical problem that needs to be solved.Starting with the basic theory of personal dangerousness, this paper discusses the criminal law application of personal dangerousness.There are about 30,000 words in this paper, which are divided into the following four parts:The first part is the basic theory of personal dangerousness.This part mainly explains the concept and history of personal danger.After analyzing the controversial concepts, the article points out that the personal danger in the criminal law sense is different from the personal danger in criminology, and the possibility of first offence should not be included, but the possibility of reoffending and reforming should be included.The second part is the criminal status of personal dangerousness.This part analyzes the controversy about personal dangerousness status, that is, whether it can be used as the basis of conviction, how to influence sentencing, the specific evaluation of execution stage, and so on, and from the theoretical status of personal dangerousness,From the point of view of lack of practice, the author points out that personal dangerousness is the unity of quality and quantity, and it is a category of criminal law juxtaposed with social harmfulness. The size of personal dangerousness will affect the judgment of the crime of entry and exit in the conviction.In sentencing, the choice of penalty range will be decided, and the change of personal dangerousness in execution stage will relate to commutation and parole application.The third part is the responsibility mechanism of personal dangerousness.This part points out that the specific action principle and process of personal dangerousness influence criminal liability are realized through anti-ethical evaluation.The common point between personal dangerousness and the essence of criminal responsibility lies in anti-ethics, that is, personal dangerousness affects the existence and size of criminal responsibility by judging the anti-ethics and the degree of anti-ethics.The fourth part is the application of personal dangerousness.Personal dangerousness is an abstract category of criminal law, which can not act directly on judicial practice or be perceived directly by people.However, the personal danger belongs to the category of the doer, and the various circumstances before and after the perpetrator commit a crime reflect the unity of his subjective anti-social tendency and objective personal danger, and the widespread existence of the plot is just the external representation of the personal dangerousness.This paper analyzes the influence of different circumstances on personal dangerousness, and analyzes the direction and degree of action of different circumstances.At the same time, combining with the discussion of the mechanism and evaluation of personal dangerousness responsibility in the first three parts of the article, the author points out that judicial workers should attach importance to personal dangerousness in thought, and pay attention to professional and accurate evaluation.In the trial stage, the personal danger should be considered comprehensively and the reform of execution individualization should not be divorced from the personal dangerousness, hoping to be helpful to the judicial practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D924.1

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本文編號：1762687