本文選題：危險犯　切入點(diǎn)：未遂　出處：《山西大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：危險犯在刑事法學(xué)界中占有重要地位,目前國內(nèi)外刑法理論界對危險犯的研究尚不是十分豐富,本文在現(xiàn)有研究基礎(chǔ)上對危險犯未遂的相關(guān)問題進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)探索。本文共分為危險犯概述、危險犯未遂存在的根據(jù)、危險犯未遂存在的范圍和危險犯未遂的判斷方法四個部分：第一部分為危險犯的概述。這部分首先通過了解分析國內(nèi)外危險犯概念優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),從而得出了筆者認(rèn)可的危險犯概念,其次是對危險犯的分類進(jìn)行了概括說明,尤其是對具體危險犯和抽象危險犯的存在依據(jù)以及區(qū)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作了一定的闡釋。第二部分為危險犯未遂存在的根據(jù)。筆者分別對危險犯未遂的否定說、折中說以及肯定說進(jìn)行了闡述以及橫向?qū)Ρ?論述了批判否定說與折中說理由以及支持肯定說的理論根據(jù)。筆者認(rèn)為危險犯存在未遂形態(tài),即危險犯有既遂形態(tài)也有未遂形態(tài)。第三部分為危險犯未遂存在的范圍。筆者認(rèn)為具體危險犯與抽象危險犯都存在未遂形態(tài)。對于具體危險犯而言,當(dāng)行為人著手實(shí)施犯罪構(gòu)成要件的行為,但并沒有發(fā)生侵害法益的危險狀態(tài)時,成立具體危險犯的未遂,并通過對破壞交通工具罪的分析對其予以證明；對于抽象危險犯來說,盡管在一般情況下,實(shí)施了符合抽象危險犯構(gòu)成要件的行為就隨之出現(xiàn)抽象危險結(jié)果；但不能排除特殊情況下,雖然著手實(shí)施抽象危險犯的行為,但卻沒有發(fā)生抽象危險結(jié)果,此時就會成立抽象危險犯的未遂,此部分有醉酒型危險駕駛罪為例證。第四部分為危險犯未遂的判斷方法。首先,筆者對危險犯著手問題的認(rèn)定進(jìn)行分析,以區(qū)分危險犯未遂與預(yù)備。其次,論述了區(qū)分危險犯未遂與既遂界限的學(xué)說,即犯罪結(jié)果說、脫離自力控制說以及危險狀態(tài)說,通過對前兩種學(xué)說的批判及對危險狀態(tài)說的肯定,得出了筆者認(rèn)可的區(qū)分危險犯未遂與既遂的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即危險狀態(tài)說。再次,危險犯既遂與未遂區(qū)分的關(guān)鍵是危險狀態(tài)的判斷。此處就是以危險狀態(tài)的判斷材料、判斷時機(jī)、判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和具體判斷因素為核心展開的,通過這部分論述得出危險犯未遂的體系性的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。即在判斷材料上,以客觀存在的事實(shí)作為基礎(chǔ)加以判斷；在判斷時機(jī)上,將事前判斷和事后判斷有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來；在判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上,從一般人的立場出發(fā),輔之以行為人特別認(rèn)識到的情況進(jìn)行全面、客觀的判斷；在具體判斷因素上,著重考慮危害行為的屬性,危害行為的方法、侵犯的對象,危害行為的實(shí)行程度,實(shí)害結(jié)果發(fā)生的現(xiàn)實(shí)可能性以及行為人的主觀方面等。通過對我國危險犯相關(guān)問題的了解,對比分析國外的危險犯理論,找到危險犯未遂的理論基礎(chǔ)及其具體判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以期促進(jìn)危險犯理論體系的完整性。
[Abstract]:The dangerous crime occupies an important position in the criminal law circle. At present, the research on the dangerous crime is not very rich in the domestic and foreign criminal law theorists. This paper makes a systematic exploration on the related problems of the attempted dangerous crime on the basis of the existing research.This article is divided into four parts: the summary of dangerous crime, the basis of attempted existence of dangerous crime, the scope of attempted existence of dangerous crime and the judgment method of attempted dangerous crime: the first part is an overview of dangerous crime.This part firstly analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the concept of dangerous crime at home and abroad, and then obtains the concept of dangerous crime that the author agrees with, and then it generalizes the classification of dangerous crime.Especially the existence basis and distinguishing standard of concrete dangerous crime and abstract dangerous crime are explained to some extent.The second part is the basis of the attempted existence of dangerous criminals.The author expounds and contrasts the negative theory, the compromise theory and the affirmation theory of the attempted dangerous crime, and discusses the reasons of the critical negation theory and the compromise theory as well as the theoretical basis to support the affirmation theory.The author thinks that there is an attempted form in the dangerous crime, that is, the accomplished form of the dangerous crime is also an attempted form.The third part is the scope of attempted dangerous crime.The author thinks that both concrete dangerous crime and abstract dangerous crime have attempted forms.For the specific dangerous crime, when the perpetrator proceeds to carry out the behavior of the constitutive elements of the crime, but does not have the dangerous state of infringing the legal interest, the attempt of the concrete dangerous crime is established and proved by the analysis of the crime of destroying the means of transportation;In the case of abstract dangerous crime, although in general, an act that meets the constitutive requirements of an abstract dangerous crime is followed by an abstract dangerous result, it cannot be ruled out that, under special circumstances, although the act of an abstract dangerous crime is to be carried out, the act of carrying out the act of the abstract dangerous crime can not be excluded.However, there is no abstract dangerous result, and the attempt of abstract dangerous crime will be established at this time, which is exemplified by the crime of drunken dangerous driving.The fourth part is the judgment method of attempted dangerous crime.First of all, the author analyzes the determination of the problem of dangerous crime, to distinguish the attempted and prepared dangerous crime.Secondly, the thesis discusses the theory of distinguishing the boundaries between attempted and accomplished dangerous criminals, that is, the theory of crime result, the theory of separation from self-control and the theory of dangerous state, through the criticism of the former two theories and the affirmation of the theory of dangerous state.The author has obtained the criterion of distinguishing the attempted and accomplished dangerous criminals, that is, the dangerous state theory.Thirdly, the judgment of dangerous state is the key to the distinction between accomplished and attempted.Based on the judgment material of dangerous state, the judgment time, the judgment standard and the concrete judgment factor, the systematic judgment standard of the attempted dangerous crime is obtained through this part.That is to say, on the basis of objective facts as the basis of judgment material, in the judgment time, the prior judgment and the afterwards judgment are organically combined; in the judgment standard, the standpoint of the general people is taken.It is supplemented by a comprehensive and objective judgment of the situation specifically recognized by the perpetrator. In the specific judgment factors, emphasis is placed on the attributes of the hazardous act, the method of the hazardous act, the object of the violation, and the degree to which the harmful act is carried out.The realistic possibility of the actual harm result and the subjective aspect of the doer and so on.Through the understanding of the related problems of dangerous crime in our country, this paper compares and analyzes the theories of dangerous crime in foreign countries, and finds out the theoretical basis and the concrete judging standard of the attempted dangerous crime, in order to promote the integrity of the theoretical system of dangerous crime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D914

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號：1711943