本文選題：公民個(gè)人信息　切入點(diǎn)：刑法保護(hù)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)的發(fā)展、信息化時(shí)代的到來(lái)，公民個(gè)人信息泄露問(wèn)題尤為凸顯，保護(hù)好公民的個(gè)人信息利益是新時(shí)代法治的需要。雖然我國(guó)《刑法修正案（七）》增加了對(duì)公民個(gè)人信息保護(hù)的條款，但面對(duì)紛繁復(fù)雜的社會(huì)生活現(xiàn)狀，該類犯罪在司法實(shí)踐中仍有許多需要探究、厘清之處，且尚有諸多方面需要完善、補(bǔ)足，以適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的法制需求。 本文共分四章,主要從刑事法律角度展開研究、探討，并經(jīng)過(guò)分析、論證筆者提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。 第一章通過(guò)分析我國(guó)公民個(gè)人信息被侵犯的現(xiàn)狀，得出現(xiàn)階段對(duì)我國(guó)日益猖獗的侵犯公民個(gè)人信息行為進(jìn)行刑事司法打擊的必要性。明確了侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪的概念及特點(diǎn)。將我國(guó)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪罪名界定為出售、非法提供公民個(gè)人信息罪和非法獲取公民個(gè)人信息罪。同時(shí)通過(guò)對(duì)外國(guó)與相關(guān)地區(qū)立法規(guī)定的研究、比較，分析出其各自的特點(diǎn)及先進(jìn)之處，進(jìn)而得出對(duì)我國(guó)相關(guān)立法的啟示。 第二章我國(guó)的憲法、民事法律、行政法律、刑事法律等都對(duì)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息行為有所規(guī)制，本章通過(guò)分析我國(guó)不同領(lǐng)域法律就保護(hù)公民個(gè)人信息的相關(guān)規(guī)定，指出我國(guó)公民個(gè)人信息法律保護(hù)體系的缺陷，即缺少專門性法律規(guī)定，各部門法在各方面的規(guī)定零星且不成體系；刑法方面缺少可援引的“前置法”且在刑法謙抑性原則下不僅對(duì)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息的不法行為打擊滯后，其打擊范圍、力度亦有限。 第三章從犯罪構(gòu)成角度對(duì)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪的認(rèn)定進(jìn)行探討、明晰。犯罪客體方面，通過(guò)對(duì)學(xué)界不同觀點(diǎn)的分析，筆者提出自己對(duì)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪犯罪客體的界定；犯罪客觀方面，對(duì)何為公民個(gè)人信息、公民個(gè)人信息范圍予以明確，且對(duì)“情節(jié)嚴(yán)重”這一構(gòu)罪要件，通過(guò)博采眾長(zhǎng)，提出筆者認(rèn)為切實(shí)、可行的定義觀點(diǎn)。犯罪主體方面，筆者對(duì)出售、非法提供公民個(gè)人信息犯罪及非法獲取公民個(gè)人信息犯罪的自然人犯罪主體及單位犯罪主體逐一進(jìn)行了分析，，并指出了其在該方面存在的不足。 第四章針對(duì)我國(guó)的社會(huì)現(xiàn)狀，提出對(duì)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪的立法完善之策。首先，公民個(gè)人信息法律保護(hù)體系方面，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)“前置法”的立法完善，使法律對(duì)侵犯公民個(gè)人信息行為的規(guī)制具有階梯性。同時(shí)，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)刑法方面的完善，使身份犯與非身份犯的刑罰相區(qū)別、讓該類犯罪的刑罰呈現(xiàn)出層次性、提高該類犯罪的最高刑、擴(kuò)大出售、非法提供公民個(gè)人信息犯罪的主體范圍；其次，完善侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪刑事追究程序，將侵犯公民個(gè)人信息犯罪附條件、有節(jié)制的作為自訴案件追訴、適用舉證責(zé)任倒置原則或推定規(guī)則，并對(duì)此筆者進(jìn)行了充分的論證。
[Abstract]:With the development of our society and the arrival of information age, the problem of personal information leakage is particularly prominent. The protection of citizens' personal information interests is the need of the rule of law in the new era. Although China's Criminal Law Amendment (7) adds provisions for the protection of citizens' personal information, it faces the complicated social life situation. In the judicial practice, this kind of crime still needs to be explored and clarified, and there are still many aspects to be perfected to meet the needs of the legal system of social development. This article is divided into four chapters, mainly from the point of view of criminal law, to explore, and through analysis, the author put forward his own point of view. The first chapter analyzes the status quo of the violation of the personal information of citizens in China. The necessity of criminal judicial attack on the increasingly rampant violation of personal information of citizens in our country is obtained. The concept and characteristics of the crime of infringing personal information of citizens are clarified, and the crime of infringing on personal information of citizens in our country is defined as selling. The crime of illegally providing citizens' personal information and the crime of illegally obtaining citizen's personal information. At the same time, through the study of foreign countries and related regions' legislative provisions, the author analyzes their respective characteristics and advanced points, and then draws the enlightenment to the relevant legislation of our country. The second chapter of our country's constitution, civil law, administrative law, criminal law and so on all to violate the citizen personal information behavior to have the regulation, this chapter through the analysis our country different domain law to protect the citizen personal information related stipulation, This paper points out the defects of the legal protection system of citizen's personal information in China, that is, the lack of special legal provisions, and the scattered and irregular provisions of various branch laws in all aspects; Under the principle of modesty of criminal law, the criminal law not only lags behind, but also has a limited scope of attack on illegal acts that violate the personal information of citizens. The third chapter discusses the identification of the crime of infringing citizens' personal information from the angle of the constitution of crime, clarifies the object of the crime, and analyzes the different viewpoints of the academic circles. The author puts forward his own definition of the object of crime of infringing citizen's personal information, the objective aspect of crime, the definition of what is citizen's personal information, the scope of citizen's personal information, and the elements of constructing the crime of "serious circumstances". The author put forward a practical and feasible definition of the point of view. The subject of the crime, the author of the sale, The main body of natural person crime and the subject of unit crime which illegally provide citizen's personal information and illegally obtain citizen's personal information are analyzed one by one, and their shortcomings are pointed out. In the fourth chapter, according to the current social situation of our country, the author puts forward some measures to perfect the legislation of the crime of infringing on the citizen's personal information. First, in the aspect of the legal protection system of citizen's personal information, we should strengthen the legislative perfection of the "former Law". At the same time, we should strengthen the perfection of criminal law, distinguish the punishment of status crime from that of non-status crime, and make the punishment of this kind of crime take on different levels. To increase the maximum penalty for this kind of crime, to expand the scope of the subject of the crime of illegally providing citizens' personal information; secondly, to improve the criminal investigation procedures for crimes against citizens' personal information, and to attach conditions to the crime of infringing on citizens' personal information, The principle of inversion of burden of proof or the rule of presumption are applied to pursue cases of private prosecution with restraint, and the author fully demonstrates this.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D924

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