本文選題：勞動權(quán)　切入點(diǎn)：集體勞資爭議　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在勞資關(guān)系領(lǐng)域中,勞資雙方力量的懸殊以及利益的分化,使得正處在社會轉(zhuǎn)型期的我國當(dāng)下的勞資沖突以更加激烈的方式向社會蔓延,弱勢勞動者的勞動權(quán)利不斷受到強(qiáng)勢雇傭方的侵害,勞資雙方互為侵害對象的犯罪日益增多,勞動者罷工等集體勞資爭議引發(fā)的治安犯罪愈發(fā)常見。勞動刑法作為刑法規(guī)范體系的一個重要分支,一直以來未受到刑法理論界的應(yīng)有重視,對其研究尚處于不成熟的初步階段。然而,勞動刑法的研究不僅能夠有效解決勞資沖突,預(yù)防和懲治勞動犯罪,規(guī)范勞動者的罷工等集體勞資爭議,并有助于發(fā)展和完善刑法理論,弘揚(yáng)社會公平、正義等價值理念,因此構(gòu)建勞動刑法具有重要的實(shí)踐意義和理論、價值意義。 本文約三萬七千字,除引言外,分為以下四個部分： 第一部分,勞動刑法的界定。勞動刑法作為刑法規(guī)范體系的重要分支,其概念應(yīng)涵蓋調(diào)整目的、調(diào)整手段、調(diào)整范圍、規(guī)范主體、規(guī)范特性等內(nèi)容。因此本文將勞動刑法定義為：以預(yù)防和懲治勞動犯罪,有效解決勞資沖突為目的,以刑罰為主要手段對發(fā)生在勞資關(guān)系領(lǐng)域的,勞資雙方主體因勞資沖突而實(shí)施的勞動犯罪進(jìn)行調(diào)整的相對強(qiáng)制性法律規(guī)范體系。依勞動刑法的外延不同,可分為廣義的勞動刑法和狹義的勞動刑法。廣義的勞動刑法是指規(guī)定勞資關(guān)系領(lǐng)域的勞動犯罪以及刑罰的法律規(guī)范；狹義的勞動刑法是指規(guī)定以勞動權(quán)為單一或主要客體的勞動犯罪以及刑罰的法律規(guī)范。勞動刑法作為一個復(fù)合型的法律規(guī)范體系,無論在調(diào)整范圍還是在規(guī)范主體上都具有特殊性。 第二部分,勞動刑法構(gòu)建的必要性。勞動刑法的構(gòu)建既是基于有效解決勞資沖突、預(yù)防和懲治勞動犯罪,規(guī)范勞動者罷工等集體勞資爭議,建立和諧勞資關(guān)系的現(xiàn)實(shí)需要,也是使勞資雙方力量平衡,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)社會公平、正義的價值理念需要,更是刑法規(guī)范體系自身發(fā)展完善的需要,因此對勞動刑法進(jìn)行構(gòu)建十分必要。 第三部分,勞動刑法構(gòu)建的基礎(chǔ)。勞動刑法的構(gòu)建不是毫無根據(jù)的,而是建立在相應(yīng)的理論及規(guī)范基礎(chǔ)上的。勞動刑法構(gòu)建的理論基礎(chǔ)包括社會優(yōu)位理念、福利國家理念、實(shí)質(zhì)平等理念。勞動刑法構(gòu)建的規(guī)范基礎(chǔ)包括勞動法規(guī)范和刑法規(guī)范。正是基于這些理論和規(guī)范基礎(chǔ),勞動刑法的體系構(gòu)建才成為可能。 第四部分,勞動刑法的體系構(gòu)建。勞動刑法體系的構(gòu)建是本文研究的重點(diǎn),其作為一個獨(dú)立的分支體系,應(yīng)有自己獨(dú)特的框架。勞動者罷工等集體勞資爭議是勞資雙方利益沖突的必然產(chǎn)物,因此國家不應(yīng)一律強(qiáng)調(diào)對其壓制和制裁,而應(yīng)通過賦予正當(dāng)?shù)募w勞資爭議刑事免責(zé)的方式,為弱勢勞動者搭建一個與強(qiáng)勢雇傭者對話的平臺,才能有利于沖突的解決。勞動權(quán)作為勞動者所特有的權(quán)利,其具有的生存權(quán)屬性即表明了勞動權(quán)的特殊性,因此刑法應(yīng)通過專章規(guī)定的方式將勞動權(quán)作為一個獨(dú)立的犯罪客體來加以保護(hù),才能實(shí)現(xiàn)刑法對勞動者權(quán)益的特殊保護(hù)。同時,勞動刑法對勞動者的傾斜保護(hù)還需要刑法在保護(hù)的廣度和力度方面進(jìn)行保障。在廣度上,應(yīng)取消拒不支付勞動報酬罪中前置程序的規(guī)定,降低其入罪門檻,并將部分嚴(yán)重侵犯勞動者勞動權(quán)益,具有嚴(yán)重社會危害性的勞動侵權(quán)行為,如妨害工會活動、拒不繳納社會保險費(fèi)的行為納入刑法的規(guī)制范圍內(nèi)；在力度上,應(yīng)提高重大勞動安全事故犯罪的法定刑,并且對勞資沖突引發(fā)的其他犯罪,應(yīng)在處罰原則上進(jìn)行區(qū)別對待：對雇傭者實(shí)施的侵犯勞動者其他權(quán)益的犯罪重處罰；對勞動者因維權(quán)針對雇傭者實(shí)施的犯罪輕處罰；對勞動者非維權(quán)針對雇傭者實(shí)施的犯罪常規(guī)處罰；對不當(dāng)集體勞資爭議引發(fā)的犯罪的慎處罰與輕處罰。
[Abstract]:In the field of labor relations, both sides of the disparity in power and the differentiation of the interests, make is in our current social transition period of labor conflicts in a more intense way to social contagion, weak labor rights have been strong employer labor violations, both sides against the object of crime is increasing, labor strikes the collective labor dispute caused by the crime has become more common. One of the most important branches of the labor criminal law as criminal law system, has not been given due attention in criminal theory, the research is still in the initial stage is not mature. However, the research of labor criminal law can not only effectively resolve the conflict, prevent and punish the crime of labor. Specification for strike and other collective labor disputes, and contribute to the development and perfection of criminal law theory, promote social fairness, justice value concept, therefore. The criminal law of building labor has important practical significance, theory and value.
This article is about thirty-seven thousand words, in addition to the introduction, is divided into the following four parts:
The first part, the definition of labor criminal law. The labor criminal law as an important branch of criminal law system, the concept should cover the adjustment, adjustment method, adjustment range, standard specification and so on. The main characteristics of this paper will be the labor criminal law is defined as: to prevent and punish the crime effectively solve the conflict between labor and labor, for the purpose of penalty is to the main means of labor relations in the field of the relative legal system of both sides of compulsory subjects because of labor conflicts and the implementation of the labor criminal adjustment. According to the extension of labor criminal law is different, can be divided into general and special labor labor criminal law criminal law. The criminal law refers to the provisions of general labor labor relations in the field of labor and crime the penalty law; special labor criminal law refers to the provisions in labor rights as the single or the main object of crime and punishment of the labor law labor. The criminal law, as a compound legal norm system, has special characteristics both in the range of adjustment and in the subject of standard.
The second part, the necessity of constructing the labor criminal law. Criminal law is not only effective solution to the construction of labor conflicts based on the prevention and punishment of labor crime, labor strikes and other collective labor dispute norms, to establish harmonious labor relations reality, but also make both sides of labour force balance, so as to realize social justice, to the values of justice, it is the criminal law system of its own development needs, so it is very necessary to construct the labor criminal law.
The third part, the basic construction of the labor criminal law. The construction is not groundless labor criminal law, but based on the theory and the standard based on the corresponding theoretical basis. The labor criminal law construction including social priority concept, the welfare state concept, the concept of substantive equality. Standardizing the basic construction of the labor criminal law includes the labor law and the criminal law. It is these theories and practices based on the labor criminal law system construction becomes possible.
The fourth part, the construction of labor criminal law system. The construction of labor criminal law system is the focus of this study, as an independent branch system, should have its own unique framework. Labor strikes and other collective labor dispute is the inevitable outcome of both sides of the conflict of interest, so the country should not be emphasized on its suppression and sanctions, and by giving collective labor dispute of criminal due disclaimer way, and build a strong dialogue platform for the employment of vulnerable workers, conducive to the solution of the conflict. The special labor rights as the rights of workers, which has the right to life of attributes that indicates the particularity of labor rights, so should the labor criminal law right as an independent crime object to be protected by the provisions, in order to achieve the special protection of the criminal law on the rights and interests of the workers. At the same time, the inclination of labor labor criminal law The protection of criminal law in the protection of cable is the breadth and intensity of protection needs. In the breadth, should cancel the provisions of the pre procedure of refusing to pay labor remuneration crime, reduce the crime threshold, and some serious violations of labor rights of workers, has serious social harmfulness and labor violations, such as disrupting trade union activity. Refusing to pay the social insurance act into the scope of criminal law regulation; on the strength, should improve the major labor safety accident crime legal punishment, and other crimes caused by labor disputes, should be carried out in the principle of punishment on don't take: the implementation of violations of labor rights and interests of the victim to other employers of heavy punishment; according to the implementation of employment rights workers due to the crime of light punishment; labor rights for non employees commit regular punishment; lead to improper collective labor dispute crime carefully Punishment and light punishment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D924.3

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