發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-02 14:09

  本文選題：從業(yè)禁止　切入點(diǎn)：職業(yè)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《刑法》第三十七條之一規(guī)定從業(yè)禁止制度適用情節(jié)之一的“利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪”。從業(yè)禁止制度是一種非刑罰懲罰措施,其目的在于實(shí)現(xiàn)特殊預(yù)防,在犯罪人刑罰執(zhí)行完畢后,禁止其從事相關(guān)的職業(yè),斬?cái)嗥淅^續(xù)實(shí)施犯罪的可能性,預(yù)防犯罪人重新利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪。在適用從業(yè)禁止之時(shí),需要對(duì)利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪進(jìn)行明確的界定,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)罪行法定的原則。從業(yè)禁止中利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪,其中職業(yè)必須是自然人從事的明確的而具體的正當(dāng)、合法的職業(yè)。職業(yè)的種類應(yīng)該參考《中華人民共和國(guó)職業(yè)分類大典》中職業(yè)的細(xì)類的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以實(shí)現(xiàn)刑法的謙益性�！袄谩痹谥饔^上表明行為人具有犯罪故意的心態(tài),在客觀上具有利用職業(yè)上使用、控制、管理、經(jīng)手某項(xiàng)事物或技術(shù)的便利條件實(shí)施犯罪行為。在刑法上職業(yè)與職務(wù)、身份、是不同的,而職業(yè)與工作并無(wú)不同。利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪也是一種規(guī)范性的價(jià)值判斷,對(duì)于利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪適用從業(yè)禁止,也就是要保護(hù)與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的法益。適用從業(yè)禁止的犯罪人利用職業(yè)便利是實(shí)施犯罪的前提,利用職業(yè)便利的行為與危害行為、危害結(jié)果之間具有因果關(guān)系,利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪的情節(jié)表現(xiàn)出犯罪行為的社會(huì)危害性,并且行為人利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪顯示出行為人的人身危險(xiǎn)性。同樣與犯罪人的人身危險(xiǎn)性相關(guān)聯(lián)。利用職業(yè)便利的行為與危害行為、危害結(jié)果之間具有因果關(guān)系。利用職業(yè)便利的的包括利用職業(yè)技術(shù)便利、利用職業(yè)活動(dòng)中使用的工具、利用工作的便利條件、利用將來(lái)會(huì)獲得的職業(yè)便利。但是利用職業(yè)便利并非是利用過(guò)去的職業(yè)便利,并非是利用他人的職業(yè)便利。利用職業(yè)便利實(shí)施犯罪雖然在刑法分則各罪的犯罪構(gòu)成要件中并未規(guī)定,但是作為從業(yè)禁止的適用條件,在實(shí)踐中又是必須考量怎樣適用。
[Abstract]:Article 37th of the Criminal Law stipulates that "using occupation to facilitate the commission of a crime" is one of the applicable circumstances of the system of prohibition of employment. The system of prohibition of employment is a measure of non-penal punishment, the purpose of which is to achieve special prevention. After the execution of the criminal penalty, the offender is prohibited from engaging in the relevant occupation, the possibility of his continuing to commit a crime is cut off, and the offender is prevented from reusing his profession to facilitate the commission of the crime. There is a need for a clear definition of the use of professional convenience for the commission of crimes, so as to realize the statutory principle of the offence... the use of occupational convenience in the practice of the commission of crimes, in which the profession must be a clear and specific justification for the conduct of a natural person, Legal occupation. The category of occupation should refer to the classification standard of occupation in the Great Book of Occupational Classification of the people's Republic of China, in order to realize the modesty of criminal law. Objectively, the criminal act is carried out under the convenient conditions of using, controlling, managing and handling a certain thing or technology. In criminal law, the occupation, the position, the identity, are different, But the occupation and the work are not different. Using the occupation to facilitate the crime is also a kind of normative value judgment, which is prohibited for the use of the occupation to facilitate the implementation of the crime. That is to say, it is necessary to protect the corresponding legal interests. The use of occupational convenience by the offender who applies to the practice prohibition is the premise of committing the crime, and the act of using the occupational convenience has a causal relationship with the harmful behavior, and the result of the harm has a causal relationship. The use of occupation to facilitate the commission of a crime demonstrates the social harmfulness of the criminal act, And the perpetrator's use of professional convenience to commit the crime shows that the perpetrator's personal dangerousness is also related to the offender's personal dangerousness. There is a causal relationship between hazardous outcomes. The use of occupational facilities includes the use of vocational and technical facilities, the use of tools used in professional activities, and the use of job facilities, Take advantage of the career facilities that will be available in the future. But the use of vocational facilities is not the use of past professional facilities, It is not to use the professional convenience of others. Although it is not stipulated in the constituent elements of each crime in the criminal law, it is necessary to consider how to apply it in practice as the applicable condition of the prohibition of employment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：1556843