本文關(guān)鍵詞： 未成年人 刑事被害 保護(hù)預(yù)防　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：針對(duì)被害人的研究始于二十世紀(jì)四五十年代，被害人學(xué)并非是對(duì)被害人的責(zé)難或?yàn)榉缸锶碎_(kāi)脫罪責(zé)，而是從被害人角度研究如何有效減少和控制犯罪，這是本文的基本立場(chǎng)。未成年刑事被害人作為被害人學(xué)中的重要研究對(duì)象，，需要深入理論研究和實(shí)證探索。本文通過(guò)對(duì)未成年刑事被害人類型、刑事被害現(xiàn)象、發(fā)展趨勢(shì)和原因的分析，并在適當(dāng)借鑒國(guó)外未成年刑事被害預(yù)防保護(hù)的理論和實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)我國(guó)未成年人刑事被害預(yù)防保護(hù)提出對(duì)策。 第一部分為未成年刑事被害人概述。具體從被害人定義、被害類型、被害現(xiàn)狀來(lái)分析未成年人刑事被害的基本問(wèn)題，本文將未成年刑事被害人定義為“遭受犯罪行為或其他違法行為侵害的不滿18周歲的人”，并從理論分類和司法實(shí)踐分類角度，闡述了不同分類的未成年刑事被害人，同時(shí)具體介紹了三類未成年刑事被害人的被害現(xiàn)狀，即被性侵未成年人、被虐待未成年人和被拐賣(mài)兒童類，以此深入探討未成年刑事被害人面臨的研究困境。 第二部分為未成年人刑事被害原因。首先，原因總論上，包括從心理原因、家庭學(xué)校原因和社會(huì)原因來(lái)分析，研究未成年人易于刑事被害的普遍性；其次，分別對(duì)三類不同未成年人刑事被害原因進(jìn)行具體分析，以期揭示不同類型的未成年人刑事被害的特殊性。 第三部分為未成年人刑事被害預(yù)防和保護(hù)對(duì)策。此為本文重點(diǎn)探討內(nèi)容。首先通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)目前未成年人保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀的介紹，并在借鑒國(guó)外預(yù)防未成年人被害和保護(hù)未成年人經(jīng)驗(yàn)措施的基礎(chǔ)上，從法律法規(guī)、社會(huì)保護(hù)、國(guó)家層面建立起預(yù)防未成年人被害的防線，全方位保護(hù)被害未成年人的合法權(quán)益。 總之，本文旨在分析未成年人被害現(xiàn)狀、被害原因，結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外保護(hù)未成年人的措施和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提出構(gòu)建預(yù)防未成年人被害體系和保護(hù)性對(duì)策的設(shè)想。
[Abstract]:The research on the victim began in 20th century and 1950s. The victim study is not to blame the victim or to exonerate the criminal, but to study how to effectively reduce and control the crime from the perspective of the victim. This is the basic position of this paper. Juvenile criminal victims as an important object of study in victim science, need in-depth theoretical research and empirical exploration. Based on the analysis of the development trend and the reasons, and on the basis of the theory and practice of the prevention and protection of juvenile criminal victimization in foreign countries, the countermeasures are put forward for the prevention and protection of juvenile criminal victimization in our country. The first part is an overview of juvenile criminal victims. Specifically from the definition of victims, the types of victims, the status quo of victimization to analyze the basic issues of juvenile criminal victimization. This article defines the minor criminal victim as "the person under 18 years of age who has been infringed by criminal act or other illegal act", and classifies from the angle of theory and judicial practice. Elaborated the different classification minor criminal victim, at the same time introduced three kinds of minor criminal victim's present situation concretely, namely the sexual assault minor, the abused minor and the child trafficking class. In order to explore the plight of juvenile criminal victims. The second part is the causes of criminal victimization of minors. First, the general analysis of the causes, including psychological reasons, home and school reasons and social reasons to analyze the universality of minors prone to criminal victimization; Secondly, the causes of criminal victimization of three kinds of minors are analyzed in order to reveal the particularity of different types of juvenile criminal victimization. The third part is the prevention and protection of juvenile criminal victimization. This is the focus of this paper. First of all, through the introduction of the current situation of the protection of minors in China. And on the basis of using the experience of foreign countries to prevent minors from being killed and protecting minors, the defense line of preventing minors from being victimized is established from the aspects of laws and regulations, social protection and national level. The legal rights and interests of the minors who have been killed shall be protected in all directions. In a word, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the present situation and the causes of minors' victimization, combine the measures and experiences of protecting minors at home and abroad, and put forward the idea of constructing the system of preventing minors from being murdered and the protective countermeasures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924;D922.183

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本文編號(hào)：1470800