本文關(guān)鍵詞：農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度的改革與完善　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：三農(nóng)問(wèn)題是中國(guó)當(dāng)前的核心問(wèn)題,三農(nóng)問(wèn)題的核心是農(nóng)民問(wèn)題,而農(nóng)民問(wèn)題的實(shí)質(zhì)是農(nóng)民的權(quán)利能否得到確實(shí)的保障。農(nóng)村宅基地是農(nóng)村土地的重要組成部分,是農(nóng)民的一項(xiàng)最基本的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),我國(guó)對(duì)農(nóng)村宅基地實(shí)行無(wú)償分配制度,農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)受到嚴(yán)格的限制。 農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)制度是計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代形成的一個(gè)固有制度,具有濃厚的本土特色,是指權(quán)利人因建造住宅及附屬設(shè)施而對(duì)集體所有土地占有、使用的權(quán)利。現(xiàn)行宅基地使用權(quán)制度具有無(wú)償分配、無(wú)償使用、一戶一宅、限制流轉(zhuǎn)等基本特點(diǎn)。農(nóng)村宅基地是我國(guó)億萬(wàn)農(nóng)民的安身立命之所,具有十分重要的意義。我國(guó)法律規(guī)定,農(nóng)村宅基地所有權(quán)歸集體所有,農(nóng)民只享有使用權(quán),而宅基地使用權(quán)能否自由流轉(zhuǎn)是當(dāng)今理論界爭(zhēng)議的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題�，F(xiàn)行立法基于農(nóng)村的社會(huì)保障、農(nóng)村的社會(huì)安定、農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織的管理體制等因素,采納了限制宅基地流轉(zhuǎn)的基本觀點(diǎn)。 目前,我國(guó)關(guān)于農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)問(wèn)題的法律規(guī)定與現(xiàn)實(shí)情況存在沖突。在理論上,我國(guó)民法既承認(rèn)了村民對(duì)其住宅享有所有權(quán),同時(shí)又要求住宅流轉(zhuǎn)必須與宅基地捆綁進(jìn)行,這導(dǎo)致了宅基地流轉(zhuǎn)的立法限制與合同法、繼承法等法律部門相互抵觸、嚴(yán)重沖突�，F(xiàn)實(shí)中,由于農(nóng)民進(jìn)城打工,出現(xiàn)了大量的“空心村”,在城市郊區(qū)或者稱中村,宅基地地下交易十分盛行,隱形市場(chǎng)逐漸壯大,交易的安全隱患逐漸增多。隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的建立和發(fā)展,城市化和工業(yè)化的進(jìn)程不斷向前推進(jìn),我國(guó)的市場(chǎng)體系也在不斷發(fā)展和完善。土地作為市場(chǎng)中的一種特殊資產(chǎn),其進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)流通,受市場(chǎng)機(jī)制調(diào)節(jié)也成為一種必然。2007年出臺(tái)的《物權(quán)法》規(guī)定農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)為用益物權(quán),為農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)的流轉(zhuǎn)奠定了法律基礎(chǔ)。城鄉(xiāng)二元體制改革,農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障體制的完善為農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)提供了政治基礎(chǔ)。本文首先分析了我國(guó)農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)的概況,在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)我國(guó)宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行考察,對(duì)農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的弊端進(jìn)行了分析,并深入探討了宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度的改革基礎(chǔ)和對(duì)現(xiàn)有改革模式進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié),最后提出了完善我國(guó)農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度的建議。 本文了引言和結(jié)語(yǔ)外,共分成4個(gè)部分,主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一部分主要是分析農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)的概況。對(duì)我國(guó)農(nóng)村宅基地法律的概念、法律特征和流轉(zhuǎn)方式進(jìn)行了闡述,分析了我國(guó)字建國(guó)以來(lái)農(nóng)村宅基地制度歷史演變過(guò)程和學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的不同觀點(diǎn)。 第二部分對(duì)農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。探討了農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)的立法現(xiàn)狀,考察了宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)現(xiàn)狀并對(duì)其原因進(jìn)行分析；對(duì)農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度的弊端進(jìn)行深入分析,闡釋了宅基地流轉(zhuǎn)的必要性、宅基地管制與司法現(xiàn)狀的沖突。 第三部分對(duì)農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)改革基礎(chǔ)和幾種模式進(jìn)行了歸納和探討。從經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、社會(huì)等角度分析了農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)改革的有利條件,重點(diǎn)對(duì)宅基地置換、農(nóng)村宅基地上市交易等流轉(zhuǎn)模式進(jìn)行了分析。 第四部分就如何完善農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)制度提出建議。首先,是要明確宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的基本原則。其次,對(duì)農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的制度本身進(jìn)行完善：第一是建立農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)自由流轉(zhuǎn)的制度,完善立法、明晰產(chǎn)權(quán)、加強(qiáng)管理；第二是明確農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)用益物權(quán)性質(zhì)；第三是分離農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)和地上房屋所有權(quán)；第四是建立農(nóng)村宅基地有償使用與有期限性制度。最后是完善農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的配套制度,主要是農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障、農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)交易市場(chǎng)、城鄉(xiāng)二元戶籍制度、農(nóng)村土地征收補(bǔ)償制度的完善。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the core problem of the current Chinese, the farmer issue is the core problem of farmers, and the essential problem is whether the rights of peasants can be really protected. The rural homestead is an important part of rural land, is one of the most fundamental property rights of peasants. A long time, China's Rural Homestead the implementation of free distribution system, the countryside homestead right of use is restricted.
The countryside homestead right of use system is a natural system formed in the planned economy, has a strong local characteristics, refers to the rights for residential construction and ancillary facilities of the collective land possession, use of rights. The homestead right of use system with free distribution, free use, a house, basic characteristics limited circulation. The rural homestead is hundreds of millions of farmers in China to settle down, it has very important significance. The laws and regulations of our country, the rural homestead ownership of collective ownership, farmers have the right to use, and land use rights can free transfer is a hot issue in the theoretical circles. The current legislation of rural areas based on social security, rural social security, rural collective economic organization management system and other factors, adopt the basic viewpoint of limited land circulation.
At present, there is a conflict in China on the circulation of rural residential land use right law and the reality of the situation. In theory, the civil law admitted that the villagers in the ownership of the house, while demanding housing transfer must bind with the residential land, which leads to the legislative restrictions and contract law, land transfer, inheritance law conflict, serious conflict. In reality, because farmers working in cities, the emergence of a large number of "hollow village", on the outskirts of the city or in the village, the underground trading homestead is very popular, the invisible market expands gradually, transaction security risks gradually increased. With the establishment and development of China's socialist market economic system the city, industrialization is advancing, the market system of China has been developed and improved. The land as a special asset in the market, the market circulation, Under the adjustment of the market mechanism has become an inevitable.2007 introduction of the "property law provisions on the rural residential land use right is usufructuary right, laid the legal foundation for rural land use right transfer. Two urban and rural economic system reform, improve the rural social security system for rural land use right transfer provides the political basis. This paper first analyzes the general situation of the rural homestead usufruct in China, on the basis of the current situation of our homestead is discussed, the disadvantages of the circulation of rural land use right is analyzed, and in-depth study of the reform of basic homestead use right transfer system and the existing mode of reform are summarized summarize, finally put forward the perfect circulation system of right to use rural homestead advice.
In this paper, the introduction and conclusion are divided into 4 parts, the main contents are as follows:
The first part is the general analysis of rural residential land use right. The concept of law of our country rural homestead, legal characteristics and circulation are described, analyzed the characters of our country since the rural homestead system historical evolution and the academic circles on the rural homestead use right transfer to different views.
The second part analyses the current situation of the circulation system of the countryside homestead right of use. The current legislation of rural land use rights, examines the status of land use right transfer and the reasons are analyzed; the in-depth analysis of the shortcomings of the circulation system of rural land use right, explains the necessity of land circulation. The status quo of the conflict between regulation and judicial homestead.
The third part summarized and Discussion on the basic reform of the transference and modes of rural residential land use right. From the economic, legal, social and other aspects of analysis of the favorable conditions for reform of rural land use right, focusing on the homestead replacement, analyzes the rural homestead listed transactions transfer mode.
The fourth part is how to perfect the rural land use right transfer system recommendations. First of all, is the basic principle to clear land use rights transfer. Secondly, to improve the circulation of rural land use right system itself: the first is the establishment of rural homestead use rights transfer system, improve legislation, clear property rights, strengthen the management; second is the usufruct of rural homestead right to use property clear; third is the separation of rural residential land use right and the ownership of the land; the fourth is the establishment of rural homestead compensation for the use and validity system. Finally, the related system is to improve the rural homestead use right circulation, mainly rural social security, market power rural residential land use, two urban and rural household registration system, rural land expropriation compensation system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D922.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 宋振興;我國(guó)宅基地置換中村民權(quán)益保護(hù)問(wèn)題研究[D];遼寧大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1381282