【摘要】：在黨的十八屆三中全會精神指引下,完善我國刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制是當(dāng)前法學(xué)領(lǐng)域研究的重要課題,也是新一輪司法改革的必然要求。目前的司法結(jié)構(gòu)下,刑事錯(cuò)案的發(fā)現(xiàn)往往源于“真兇出現(xiàn)”或者“死者復(fù)活”這種極其偶然的因素。從司法實(shí)踐情況來看,我國并沒有形成成熟的刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制。錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)工作長期以來面臨現(xiàn)實(shí)困境,在效率和工作機(jī)制等方面存在諸多缺陷,導(dǎo)致現(xiàn)行機(jī)制運(yùn)行不暢,實(shí)踐效果差強(qiáng)人意,亟待加以改革和完善。因此,就我國刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制進(jìn)行更深入的專項(xiàng)研究迫在眉睫。 本文通過對刑事錯(cuò)案的概念進(jìn)行辨析,同時(shí)討論有關(guān)刑事錯(cuò)案的界定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與表現(xiàn)形式,進(jìn)一步厘清刑事錯(cuò)案的認(rèn)定問題。著重從我國刑事申訴、抗訴、涉法涉訴信訪和媒體揭露等多個(gè)層面展開對我國現(xiàn)行刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制的反思,分析出該機(jī)制運(yùn)行的癥結(jié)所在。通過對域外地區(qū)民間團(tuán)體和官方機(jī)構(gòu)在錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)問題上制度構(gòu)建和實(shí)踐運(yùn)作研究,梳理域外刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)的救濟(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn),希望對完善我國刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制有所啟示。在立足我國司法實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,為我國刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制解決部分提供具有可操作性的解決方案。在完善現(xiàn)有發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制的基礎(chǔ)上,有針對性地嘗試新的制度和做法,以拓寬錯(cuò)案的發(fā)現(xiàn)渠道和途徑,力求建立一種制度化、規(guī)范化、長效化以及科學(xué)化的刑事錯(cuò)案發(fā)現(xiàn)機(jī)制,使錯(cuò)案的發(fā)現(xiàn)從偶然走向必然。
[Abstract]:Under the guidance of the spirit of the third Plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, perfecting the discovery mechanism of criminal error cases in our country is an important subject in the field of law research at present, and it is also the inevitable requirement of a new round of judicial reform. Under the current judicial structure, the discovery of criminal error cases is often due to "the presence of the real perpetrator" or "the resurrection of the dead", which is an extremely accidental factor. From the point of view of judicial practice, China has not formed a mature criminal error case discovery mechanism. There are many defects in efficiency and working mechanism for a long time, which lead to the poor operation of the current mechanism and the poor practical effect. It is urgent to reform and perfect it. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out a more in-depth research on the mechanism of criminal error detection in our country. This paper analyzes the concept of criminal error case, discusses the definition standard and manifestation of criminal error case, and further clarifies the identification of criminal error case. This paper focuses on the reflection on the current criminal error case discovery mechanism in our country from the aspects of criminal appeal, protest, legal-related complaint, letter and visit, and media disclosure, and analyzes the crux of the operation of this mechanism. Through the research on the system construction and practice operation of the civil organizations and official organizations in the extraterritorial areas on the problem of finding wrong cases, the author tries to sort out the relief experience of the discovery of criminal miscases outside the territory, and hopes to enlighten the improvement of the discovery mechanism of criminal error cases in our country. On the basis of the judicial practice of our country, this paper provides a feasible solution for the mechanism of finding criminal error cases in our country. On the basis of perfecting the existing discovery mechanism, we should try new systems and practices in order to widen the channels and ways of finding wrong cases, and strive to establish an institutionalized, standardized, long-term and scientific mechanism for discovering criminal miscases. Make the discovery of the wrong case from chance to necessity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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