【摘要】：社會(huì)的發(fā)展進(jìn)步?jīng)Q定了每一個(gè)司法制度的設(shè)立都是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)中的需求。自從上世紀(jì)五、六十年代以來,隨著二戰(zhàn)后社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的逐漸復(fù)蘇,世界各國在司法上都不同程度的出現(xiàn)了“訴訟爆炸”這一現(xiàn)象。為了解決這一問題,各國都掀起了對(duì)民事訴訟審判程序改革的浪潮,小額訴訟程序正是在這一浪潮中涌現(xiàn)到人們的視野中。小額訴訟程序體現(xiàn)了公平和效率合一的司法價(jià)值,它為保障每一個(gè)公民都有平等的機(jī)會(huì)接近法律提供了平臺(tái)。小額訴訟程序不僅能夠高效、低廉、快捷的解決糾紛,促進(jìn)司法資源的優(yōu)化配置,實(shí)現(xiàn)司法效益的最大化,而且也有利于促進(jìn)社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定。我國自改革開放以來,伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度的不斷加快,國民的法律意識(shí)也不斷強(qiáng)化,更多的民眾愿意使用法律這一武器來解決現(xiàn)實(shí)中的矛盾糾紛,導(dǎo)致民事糾紛案件不斷地涌進(jìn)法院,大大增加了法院審理案件的壓力。為了解決實(shí)踐中有限的司法資源無法滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的訴訟需求,我國在學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒國外小額訴訟程序成功改革經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,先是在全國小范圍內(nèi)對(duì)小額訴訟案件進(jìn)行速裁試點(diǎn)工作,然后在這次民事訴訟審判改革中結(jié)合我國的具體國情,出臺(tái)適合社會(huì)主義特色司法建設(shè)的小額訴訟程序。這不僅是對(duì)我國民事訴訟改革的完善,更是體現(xiàn)了我國社會(huì)主義法治建設(shè)的一大跨步。但是,我國出臺(tái)的小額訴訟程序只在立法上以一條條文簡(jiǎn)單的作以規(guī)定,而不是設(shè)立一套完整的程序制度,正因?yàn)榱⒎ㄕ邔?duì)小額訴訟程序的規(guī)定過于簡(jiǎn)單,沒有作出明確、具體的適用規(guī)定,這對(duì)在實(shí)踐中更好地實(shí)行小額訴訟程序增加了困難和阻礙。因此,我們需要對(duì)小額訴訟程序的具體規(guī)定和配套制度進(jìn)行深入研究,為國家將來完善立法提供有價(jià)值的參考。本篇文章將從六個(gè)方面對(duì)小額訴訟程序進(jìn)行敘述。第一章是全文的開篇部分,論述了小額訴訟程序這一課題的源起背景；第二章介紹了相關(guān)的理論基礎(chǔ),從不同角度給出了小額訴訟程序的定義觀點(diǎn)；第三章是從宏觀角度研究了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于執(zhí)行小額訴訟程序的法律規(guī)定,并在此基礎(chǔ)上論述了域外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)我國小額訴訟程序立法方面的啟示；第四章對(duì)我國新《民事訴訟法》162條進(jìn)行評(píng)析,并深入研究小額訴訟程序在立法層面和實(shí)踐操作中存在的問題；第五章在我國小額訴訟程序建立的基礎(chǔ)上,從立法和配套制度方面對(duì)其構(gòu)建和完善提供些許淺薄建議；第六章是結(jié)束語,對(duì)全文進(jìn)行提煉,并展望未來。
[Abstract]:The development and progress of society determines that every judicial system is established to meet the needs of social reality. Since the fifties and sixties of the last century, with the gradual recovery of social economy after World War II, various countries in the world have appeared the phenomenon of "lawsuit explosion" in different degrees. In order to solve this problem, many countries have set off a wave of reform of the civil procedure of trial, and the small claims procedure has emerged in the people's field of vision. The small claims procedure embodies the judicial value of fairness and efficiency. It provides a platform for every citizen to have equal access to the law. The small claims procedure not only can solve disputes efficiently, cheaply and quickly, but also can promote the optimal allocation of judicial resources and realize the maximization of judicial benefit, and also help to promote the harmony and stability of the society. Since the reform and opening up, with the acceleration of economic development, the legal awareness of the people is also constantly strengthened, more and more people are willing to use the law as a weapon to solve the contradictions and disputes in reality. As a result, civil disputes continue to pour into the court, greatly increasing the pressure on the court to hear cases. In order to solve the problem that the limited judicial resources in practice can not meet the increasing needs of the people, our country learns and draws lessons from the successful reform experience of foreign small claims procedure. First of all, the trial work on small lawsuit cases is carried out in a small scale in the whole country, and then in this civil litigation trial reform, according to the specific conditions of our country, the small claims procedure suitable for the judicial construction with socialist characteristics is put forward. This is not only the perfection of our country's civil litigation reform, but also the great leap of our country's socialist legal construction. However, the small claims procedure introduced in our country is only stipulated by a simple provision in legislation, rather than a set of complete procedural system. It is precisely because the legislator has not made clear that the provisions of the small claims procedure are too simple. The specific application of the provisions, this in practice a better implementation of small-claims procedures increased difficulties and obstacles. Therefore, we need to study the specific provisions and supporting system of the small claims procedure in order to provide valuable reference for the country to perfect the legislation in the future. This article will describe the small claims procedure from six aspects. The first chapter is the opening part of the full text, discusses the origin of the subject of small claims proceedings background, the second chapter introduces the relevant theoretical basis, from different angles to give the definition of small claims proceedings point of view; The third chapter is to study the domestic and foreign legal provisions on the implementation of small claims procedure from a macro point of view, and on the basis of this, it discusses the enlightenment of the successful foreign experience to the legislation of small claims procedure in our country. In the fourth chapter, the article 162 of the new Civil procedure Law of our country is analyzed, and the problems existing in the legislation and practice of the small claims procedure are studied in depth. The fifth chapter on the basis of the establishment of the small claims procedure in China, from the legislation and supporting system to build and improve it to provide some shallow suggestions; the sixth chapter is the conclusion, refining the full text, and looking forward to the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.1

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