【摘要】：先行調(diào)解是2012年《中華人民共和國民事訴訟法》修改中新增的制度：未經(jīng)人民調(diào)解的糾紛，起訴到人民法院的，法院可以先行調(diào)解；經(jīng)過人民調(diào)解未達(dá)成調(diào)解協(xié)議的糾紛，起訴到人民法院的，法院也可以先行調(diào)解。 目前，我國正處于經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期和社會矛盾凸顯期，為了充分發(fā)揮人民法院調(diào)解工作在化解社會矛盾、維護(hù)社會穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)社會和諧中的積極作用，最高人民法院在總結(jié)各地實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，推動先行調(diào)解入法，把調(diào)解擴(kuò)大到立案前階段，最大限度地將矛盾糾紛化解在訴前，化解在初始階段，解決在基層當(dāng)?shù)�，�?shí)現(xiàn)“案結(jié)事了”和涉法涉訴信訪的源頭治理，推動訴訟與非訴訟糾紛解決機(jī)制的合理銜接。但是，由于立法的粗糙和模糊，先行調(diào)解缺乏必要的制度構(gòu)建和程序規(guī)制，加之我國現(xiàn)有民事訴訟程序中存在的結(jié)構(gòu)性問題，使得先行調(diào)解在實(shí)踐運(yùn)行中問題頻出。如先行調(diào)解異化為強(qiáng)制調(diào)解，調(diào)審不分，多次調(diào)解，長時間調(diào)解等。為了更好落實(shí)先行調(diào)解的目的和本質(zhì)，本文將從先行調(diào)解入法的背景和先行調(diào)解的界定出發(fā)，分析先行調(diào)解制度存在的理論和實(shí)踐問題，從制度構(gòu)建和程序規(guī)制兩方面來完善我國的先行調(diào)解制度。 本文第一章是我國先行調(diào)解制度的現(xiàn)狀分析，首先從理論層面，對先行調(diào)解入法的背景以及先行調(diào)解的概念、性質(zhì)和特征做了論述；其次在實(shí)踐層面，從立法、當(dāng)事人、法院、律師角度對先行調(diào)解做了現(xiàn)狀分析。第二章是我國先行調(diào)解制度的價值，首先論述了先行調(diào)解制度的價值，其次分析了先行調(diào)解制度存在的作用。第三章是我國先行調(diào)解制度的完善建議，從兩個角度加以完善：一是制度構(gòu)建，包括先行調(diào)解遵循的原則、適用的范圍以及與相關(guān)制度的沖突與協(xié)調(diào)；二是程序規(guī)制，，包括先行調(diào)解實(shí)施主體、期限和協(xié)議效力的審查。
[Abstract]:Mediation in advance is a new system in the revision of the Civil procedure Law of the people's Republic of China in 2012: if disputes without people's mediation are brought before a people's court, the court may mediate in advance; If the people mediates a dispute that has not reached a mediation agreement, the court may also mediate in advance if a lawsuit is brought to the people's court. At present, our country is in an important period of strategic opportunities for economic and social development and a period of prominent social contradictions. In order to give full play to the positive role of people's court mediation in resolving social contradictions, maintaining social stability and promoting social harmony, On the basis of summing up the practical and innovative experience of various localities, the Supreme people's Court has pushed forward mediation into the law, expanded mediation to the pre-filing stage, and resolved contradictions and disputes to the maximum extent before litigation, at the initial stage, and at the grass-roots level. To realize the source governance of lawsuit and petition, and to promote the reasonable connection between litigation and non-litigation dispute settlement mechanism. However, due to the roughness and ambiguity of legislation, the lack of necessary system construction and procedural regulation of mediation in advance, coupled with the structural problems existing in the existing civil proceedings in our country, the problems of mediation in advance frequently arise in practice. Such as mediation alienation into compulsory mediation, long-term mediation and so on. In order to better implement the purpose and essence of antecedent mediation, this paper will analyze the theoretical and practical problems existing in the antecedent mediation system from the background of the antecedent mediation law and the definition of antecedent mediation. From the system construction and the procedure regulation two aspects to consummate our country's advance mediation system. The first chapter of this paper is the analysis of the current situation of our country's advance mediation system. Firstly, from the theoretical level, the background of the advance mediation law and the concept, nature and characteristics of the advance mediation are discussed. Secondly, from the perspective of legislation, parties, courts and lawyers, this paper analyzes the current situation of mediation in advance. The second chapter is the value of the first mediation system in our country. First, it discusses the value of the first mediation system, and then analyzes the role of the advance mediation system. The third chapter is the improvement of the mediation system in China, from two angles: first, the system construction, including the principle of mediation in advance, the scope of application and the conflict and coordination with the relevant system; The second is the procedural regulation, including the review of the subject, duration and validity of the agreement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.14

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