【摘要】：隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟利益愈發(fā)成為各種行為的驅(qū)動力，個體追求自身利益最大化表達漸成社會趨勢。反映到民事訴訟中來，當(dāng)事人為節(jié)約訴訟成本、謀求更大勝訴可能性而實施的規(guī)避管轄現(xiàn)象日趨普遍，法院因受地方保護主義影響或為本院經(jīng)濟利益因素的考量而實施規(guī)避管轄的現(xiàn)象也屢見不鮮。規(guī)避管轄現(xiàn)象的日益普遍，致使現(xiàn)行司法秩序和當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益遭受嚴(yán)重損害，究其本質(zhì)乃訴訟欺詐行為。此類現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生固然是由于當(dāng)事人或法院受到經(jīng)濟利益的驅(qū)動，但更重要的原因是現(xiàn)行的管轄制度存在諸如管轄法律規(guī)定不完善、管轄異議審查程序缺失等嚴(yán)重缺陷。對規(guī)避管轄現(xiàn)象予以深入研究并提出相應(yīng)的規(guī)制對策，不僅有利于完善現(xiàn)有管轄制度、保障當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益，也有利于維護健康的司法秩序、提升法院的社會公信力。 據(jù)此，筆者從規(guī)避管轄的本質(zhì)屬性出發(fā)，在對規(guī)避管轄予以明確界定的基礎(chǔ)上，通過比較大陸法系和英美法系國家在規(guī)制規(guī)避管轄問題上的規(guī)定獲取可借鑒之經(jīng)驗，從規(guī)避管轄的特性、表現(xiàn)形式、成因分析、對策建議及域外制度經(jīng)驗借鑒五個方面對民事訴訟規(guī)避管轄及其規(guī)制予以了具體闡述，全文共分五個部分。 第一部分為民事訴訟規(guī)避管轄現(xiàn)象的概述，通過比較學(xué)界對“規(guī)避管轄”的幾種主要學(xué)術(shù)觀點，得出筆者對“規(guī)避管轄”內(nèi)涵的界定，即當(dāng)事人或法院出于經(jīng)濟利益等因素考量，采取一定方式規(guī)避有管轄權(quán)法院的管轄而使得無管轄權(quán)法院受理案件的訴訟欺詐行為，并對“規(guī)避管轄”的特征和危害后果進行了分析。 第二部分闡述了域外規(guī)制規(guī)避管轄的規(guī)定及對我國的借鑒，筆者通過對大陸法系和英美法系主要國家規(guī)制規(guī)避管轄的規(guī)定介紹，從中提取了完善級別管轄標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、設(shè)立規(guī)避管轄救濟程序等適合我國國情的制度措施。 第三部分討論了司法實務(wù)中常見的規(guī)避管轄情形，包括規(guī)避級別管轄、規(guī)避地域管轄及其他規(guī)避管轄的情形。該部分結(jié)合司法實例，對這些規(guī)避管轄行為的具體招數(shù)及其利用的制度缺陷予以了細致分析。 第四部分闡述了我國民事訴訟規(guī)避管轄現(xiàn)象存在的原因，筆者從當(dāng)事人、法院、制度三個層面對規(guī)避管轄現(xiàn)象的成因予以詳細的說明，為接下來規(guī)制對策的提出奠定分析基礎(chǔ)。 第五部分為本文的重點，闡述了規(guī)制我國民事訴訟規(guī)避管轄的對策建議。就司法實踐中常見的規(guī)避管轄現(xiàn)象，筆者認為不僅要構(gòu)思出破解其招數(shù)的對策，更關(guān)鍵的是要加強管轄法律知識的宣傳、完善現(xiàn)行的管轄制度，，故筆者從設(shè)立異議審查審前會議制度、完善規(guī)避管轄救濟程序、構(gòu)建規(guī)避管轄?wèi)土P機制等方面提出規(guī)制規(guī)避管轄的對策建議，以期切實根治此類訴訟欺詐行為，實現(xiàn)標(biāo)本兼治。
[Abstract]:With the development of our country's social economy, economic interests become the driving force of all kinds of behaviors, and it is gradually becoming a social trend for individuals to pursue the maximization of their own interests. Reflecting in civil litigation, the phenomenon of circumventing jurisdiction implemented by the parties in order to save the cost of litigation and seek for greater possibility of success is becoming more and more common. It is common for the courts to circumvent jurisdiction because of the influence of local protectionism or the consideration of the economic interests of the court. The phenomenon of circumventing jurisdiction is becoming more and more common, which results in serious damage to the current judicial order and the legal rights and interests of the parties. Although this kind of phenomenon is driven by the economic interests of the parties or the court, the more important reason is that the current jurisdiction system has serious defects such as the imperfection of the jurisdiction laws and regulations, the lack of the examination procedure of the jurisdiction dissent and so on. To study the phenomenon of circumventing jurisdiction in depth and put forward the corresponding regulation countermeasures are not only conducive to perfecting the existing jurisdiction system, safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, but also conducive to maintaining a healthy judicial order and enhancing the social credibility of the court. Accordingly, the author proceeds from the essential attribute of circumventing jurisdiction, on the basis of clearly defining the circumvention of jurisdiction, and by comparing the provisions of civil law system and Anglo-American law system in regulating the circumvention of jurisdiction, obtains the experience that can be used for reference. From the characteristics, manifestations, causes analysis, countermeasures and suggestions and foreign system experience of five aspects of civil litigation to circumvent jurisdiction and its regulation to be elaborated in detail, the full text is divided into five parts. The first part is an overview of the phenomenon of circumvention of jurisdiction in civil litigation. By comparing several major academic viewpoints of "circumventing jurisdiction" in academic circles, the author defines the connotation of "circumventing jurisdiction". That is, the litigants or courts take certain measures to circumvent the jurisdiction of the courts with jurisdiction in order to make the courts without jurisdiction accept cases of litigation fraud. The characteristics and harmful consequences of "circumventing jurisdiction" are analyzed. In the second part, the author introduces the rules of the extraterritorial regulation of circumventing jurisdiction and its reference to our country. The author introduces the regulations of civil law system and the common law system, and extracts the standard of perfect level jurisdiction. Set up the system measures suitable for our country's national condition such as circumventing jurisdiction relief procedure. The third part discusses the common cases of circumvention jurisdiction in judicial practice, including circumvention level jurisdiction, circumvention of regional jurisdiction and other circumvention of jurisdiction. Combining with judicial examples, this part makes a detailed analysis of the specific measures of circumvention of jurisdiction and the institutional defects of its utilization. The fourth part expounds the reasons of the phenomenon of circumvention of jurisdiction in civil litigation in China. The author explains the causes of the phenomenon in detail from three levels: the parties, the court and the system, which lays an analytical foundation for the next regulatory countermeasures. The fifth part is the emphases of this article, and expounds the countermeasures and suggestions to regulate the civil litigation circumventing jurisdiction in our country. As for the common phenomenon of circumventing jurisdiction in judicial practice, the author thinks that not only should we conceive the countermeasures to solve the problem, but also strengthen the propaganda of jurisdiction law knowledge and perfect the current jurisdiction system. Therefore, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of setting up the system of dissent review pretrial meeting, perfecting the procedure of circumventing jurisdiction relief, constructing the mechanism of circumventing jurisdiction punishment and so on, in order to effectively cure this kind of litigation fraud and achieve both the root and the symptoms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.1

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