【摘要】：未成年人是社會的未來和希望,未成年人刑事司法理應以弱化懲罰功能,強化教育挽救功能,更加注重發(fā)揮保護和預防功能為己任。這也符合國際社會所倡導的未成年人刑事司法“非刑事化、非監(jiān)禁化、輕刑化”的價值理念。但是追求未成年人刑罰設置的非監(jiān)禁化以及刑罰執(zhí)行的社會化,并不意味著簡單地將其置于社會處遇中即可,要想達到教育挽救的目的,相關制度的設立就顯得尤為關鍵。未成年人觀護制度正是在這種背景下應運而生的,因其對未成年人刑事司法的關鍵意義,逐漸演變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)代未成年人刑事司法不可或缺的重要制度之一 除臺灣和港澳地區(qū)以外,我國尚未正式確立未成年人觀護制度。但是2012年新修訂的刑事訴訟法在未成年人刑事訴訟程序中正式規(guī)定了附條件不起訴,為涉嫌輕微犯罪的未成年人提供了社會處遇中接受教育矯正以代替監(jiān)禁刑罰的法律依據(jù)。正是以此為契機,本文提出了構建附條件不起訴觀護制度的構想,在附條件不起訴的監(jiān)督考察環(huán)節(jié),借鑒觀護制度的理念和內容設計,對涉罪未成年人進行監(jiān)督、管束、教育、幫助以及保護,從而達到恢復其社會功能,促進其回歸社會的訴求,發(fā)揮權利保護和預防犯罪的功能。 本文分為四大部分,在闡述附條件不起訴觀護制度相關概念的基礎上,分析了當前我國構建附條件不起訴觀護制度的必要性和可行性,并對附條件不起觀護主體和程序的構建進行了探討和分析： 第一部分對本文提出的附條件不起訴觀護制度的相關概念進行了界定。首先對觀護制度的內涵和外延進行了介紹,并總結了本文提出的附條件不起訴觀護制度中觀護的應有之義。其次強調了附條件不起訴的前提,它界定了附條件不起訴觀護制度的適用對象與程序設計。 第二部分論述了當前在我國構建附條件不起訴觀護制度的必要性與可行性。從附條件不起訴觀護制度在貫徹關于未成年人特殊保護的原則、彌補附條件不起訴監(jiān)督考察環(huán)節(jié)的不足以及促進未成年人回歸社會等方面的意義,闡述了構建附條件不起訴觀護制度的必要性�；謴托运痉ê徒逃汤砟畹纳钊牒屯茝V,國外及我國臺灣地區(qū)觀護制度的成熟經(jīng)驗為我國構建附條件不起訴觀護制度提供了理論基礎和有益參考,亦使其具備了可行性。 第三部分討論了附條件不起訴觀護主體的構建。明確了檢察機關決定主體和監(jiān)督執(zhí)行主體的職能定位；在觀護執(zhí)行主體上以司法社工為核心,分析了其在專業(yè)知識、專業(yè)理念和專業(yè)角色方面與附條件不起訴觀護制度的契合；社會力量是輔助的觀護執(zhí)行主體,主要表現(xiàn)為其他國家機關和基層群眾性自治組織、第三部門以及公司、企業(yè)與社會志愿者等機構和人員。 第四部分探討了附條件不起訴觀護程序的構建。從社會調查程序前置以及具體程序設置兩個階段強調了附條件不起訴觀護程序的緊密銜接,并對觀護整體工作形成有力監(jiān)督。
[Abstract]:Juveniles are the future and hope of the society. Juvenile criminal justice should weaken the function of punishment, strengthen the function of education and rescue, and pay more attention to the function of protection and prevention. The non-imprisonment of adult penalty and the socialization of penalty execution do not mean simply placing it in social circumstances. To achieve the purpose of education and salvation, the establishment of relevant systems is particularly critical. The key meaning has gradually evolved into one of the indispensable systems of modern juvenile criminal justice.
In addition to Taiwan and Hong Kong and Macao, China has not formally established a minor care system. However, the newly revised Criminal Procedure Law in 2012 formally stipulates conditional non-prosecution in the minor criminal proceedings, providing minors suspected of minor crimes with social treatment in place of the law of imprisonment penalty by receiving education and correction. Based on this, this paper puts forward the idea of constructing conditional non-prosecution guardianship system. In the supervision and investigation link of conditional non-prosecution, the concept and content design of the guardianship system are used for reference to supervise, control, educate, help and protect juveniles involved in crimes, so as to restore their social functions and promote their return to society. Appealing to give full play to the functions of rights protection and crime prevention.
This paper is divided into four parts. On the basis of explaining the related concepts of conditional non-prosecution care system, the necessity and feasibility of constructing conditional non-prosecution care system in China are analyzed, and the construction of conditional non-prosecution care subject and procedure are discussed and analyzed.
The first part defines the relevant concepts of conditional non-prosecution care system proposed in this paper. First, it introduces the connotation and extension of the care system, and summarizes the proper meaning of care in conditional non-prosecution care system proposed in this paper. Secondly, it emphasizes the premise of conditional non-prosecution, which defines conditional non-prosecution. The application object and procedure design of the litigation protection system.
The second part elaborates the necessity and feasibility of constructing conditional non-prosecution care system in our country at present. The paper expounds the significance of conditional non-prosecution care system in implementing the principle of special protection for minors, making up for the insufficiency of supervision and inspection of conditional non-prosecution and promoting minors to return to society. It is necessary to establish conditional non-prosecution care system. The deepening and popularization of restorative justice and educational penalty concept, and the mature experience of foreign countries and Taiwan provide theoretical basis and useful reference for our country to construct conditional non-prosecution care system, and make it feasible.
The third part discusses the construction of the subject of conditional non-prosecution care. Quantity is an assistant subject of nursing execution, which is mainly manifested by other state organs and grass-roots mass autonomous organizations, the third sector, companies, enterprises and social volunteers and other institutions and personnel.
The fourth part discusses the construction of conditional non-prosecution nursing procedure, emphasizing the close connection of conditional non-prosecution nursing procedure from the two stages of social investigation procedure and specific procedure settings, and forming a strong supervision over the whole nursing work.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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