【摘要】：不起訴的法律效力關系到刑事訴訟基本理念的貫徹落實，但目前我國卻普遍疏于對不起訴的法律效力進行整體性評價。由于我國不起訴的法律效力不明確，致使不起訴的價值沒有得到充分的實現(xiàn)。因此，研究不起訴制度的法律效力，找出其存在的缺陷和弊端，進而提出完善建議，對立法完善和司法實踐有重要意義。本文從存疑不起訴、酌定不起訴、附條件不起訴、和解不起訴四個不起訴的案件出發(fā)，引發(fā)對不起訴的法律效力的思考。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，這四種不起訴在法律效力方面存在不同程度的問題，，諸如繼續(xù)偵查行為違法，涉嫌對犯罪嫌疑人進行有罪評價，效力內容不確定，撤銷不起訴決定不合理等等。對于案例中體現(xiàn)的問題，本文在梳理了我國現(xiàn)行的立法和司法解釋的基礎上，從合理性與合法性兩個角度對相關問題進行分析，同時，在對相關問題的爭議觀點進行了評價后，提出了完善不起訴法律效力問題的相應觀點。首先，明確不起訴僅具有程序性質，進而否定不起訴決定具有對被不起訴人進行有罪評價的效力。其次，明確不起訴的效力內容，說明附條件不起訴具有暫時停止訴訟程序的效力，以及禁止不起訴決定作出后繼續(xù)實施偵查行為的理由。最后，肯定不起訴應當具有穩(wěn)定的法律效力，以形成對檢察機關和當事人訴訟行為的有效約束。第一，對重新啟動訴訟程序進行限制，包括對證據(jù)的來源，重新起訴進行時間和次數(shù)進行限制等；第二，明確不起訴的異議主體，避免因糾正不起訴決定而影響不起訴法律效力的穩(wěn)定；第三，設置相應的制約程序，避免因異議權的行使而影響不起訴決定的法律效力穩(wěn)定。不同的不起訴決定具有不同的法律效力，因此，對于上述的不起訴法律效力問題，本文針對不同種類的不起訴決定提出了不同的改進措施。
[Abstract]:The legal effect of non-prosecution is related to the implementation of the basic concept of criminal procedure, but at present our country is generally neglecting to evaluate the legal effect of non-prosecution. Because the legal effect of non-prosecution in our country is not clear, the value of non-prosecution has not been fully realized. Therefore, it is of great significance for legislative perfection and judicial practice to study the legal effect of non-prosecution system, find out its defects and drawbacks, and then put forward suggestions for perfection. This paper starts from the four cases of no prosecution, no prosecution with conditions and no prosecution, which leads to the reflection on the legal effect of non-prosecution. Through analysis, it is found that these four kinds of non-prosecution have different degrees of problems in the legal effect, such as continuing to investigate illegal behavior, suspected guilty evaluation of criminal suspects, uncertain content of effectiveness, unreasonable decision to rescind non-prosecution, and so on. For the problems reflected in the case, this paper analyzes the relevant issues from the perspectives of rationality and legality on the basis of combing the current legislative and judicial interpretations of our country. At the same time, after evaluating the controversial views of the relevant issues, Put forward the corresponding viewpoint of perfecting the legal effect of non-prosecution. First of all, it is clear that non-prosecution is only procedural, and then negates that the decision of non-prosecution has the effect of evaluating the guilt of the person who is not prosecuted. Secondly, it clarifies the effective content of non-prosecution, explains that the conditional non-prosecution has the effect of suspending the proceedings, and prohibits the reason of continuing to carry out the investigation after the decision of non-prosecution is made. Finally, it is affirmed that non-prosecution should have a stable legal effect to form an effective constraint on procuratorial organs and litigants. First, to restrict the restarting of proceedings, including the source of evidence, the time and times of reprosecution, and so on; second, to clarify the main dissenting parties who do not prosecute. Avoid to correct the non-prosecution decision and affect the stability of the legal effect of non-prosecution; third, set up the corresponding restriction procedures to avoid the right of dissent to affect the legal effectiveness of non-prosecution decision stability. Different non-prosecution decisions have different legal effects. Therefore, for the above-mentioned legal effects of non-prosecution, this paper puts forward different improvement measures for different types of non-prosecution decisions.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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本文編號：2209172