【摘要】：在社會轉(zhuǎn)型時期,我國司法潛伏著多種合法性危機(jī)的誘因,因此對司法合法性地位的鞏固成為了我國司法改革的根本任務(wù)。在我國的司法實踐中,往往只重視形式合法性,卻忽視了實質(zhì)上即道德上的合法性,從而導(dǎo)致一系列的合法性問題的出現(xiàn),例如:判決書如同一紙空文,無法得到實際的執(zhí)行;司法公信力逐漸喪失,人們信訪不信法等等社會現(xiàn)象。哈貝馬斯認(rèn)為,道德實質(zhì)上是“主體間的對話(商談)關(guān)系”,而這種對話關(guān)系指的是在人與人之間以商談的方式,以媒介對倫理關(guān)系的調(diào)整、共同規(guī)范的維護(hù)和認(rèn)定。以合法性的視角進(jìn)行考察可以發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)過商談并充分論證的裁判并不僅僅是出于對司法社會效果的追求,更是一種由依法裁判原則推演出的法律義務(wù)。法官實現(xiàn)論證義務(wù)集中體現(xiàn)于判決書的說理,判決書改革又是司法改革中最沒有爭議并且最可行的一項。在我國司法改革過程中,無論是職業(yè)化進(jìn)路還是民主化進(jìn)路都追求使司法獨立于權(quán)力的宰制從而實現(xiàn)司法的基本社會功能。將溝通引入我國的司法實踐,每個話語主體通過平等、無強(qiáng)制地法庭辯論從而達(dá)成話語共識,增加雙方當(dāng)事人對判決書的認(rèn)同,從而使社會效果和法律效果有機(jī)統(tǒng)一。在對我國當(dāng)代的社會、政治、司法現(xiàn)狀的分析與歸納基礎(chǔ)上,以哈貝馬斯的商談理論這一視角,在分析交往理性的基礎(chǔ)上,針對我國司法合法性現(xiàn)存的問題,提出溝通的司法這一論題并對其展開論述。溝通的司法為我國提供了一個新的司法合法化視角,并且為處理司法與民意難題提供了一種有效的解決方案。
[Abstract]:In the period of social transformation, there are many kinds of causes of legitimacy crisis lurking in our country's judicature, so the consolidation of the status of judicial legitimacy has become the fundamental task of judicial reform in our country. In the judicial practice of our country, we often only attach importance to the formal legitimacy, but neglect the essence of moral legitimacy, which leads to a series of legitimacy problems, such as: the judgment is like a piece of paper, it can not be carried out in practice; Judicial credibility is gradually losing, people do not believe in the law and other social phenomena. Habermas believes that morality is essentially a "dialogue (negotiation) relationship between subjects", and this kind of dialogue relation refers to the adjustment of ethical relations and the maintenance and recognition of common norms between people by means of negotiation between people. From the perspective of legality, it can be found that the adjudication after negotiation and full demonstration is not only out of the pursuit of the judicial social effect, but also a legal obligation derived from the principle of adjudication according to law. Judge's duty to realize argumentation is embodied in the reasoning of judgment, and the reform of judgment is the most undisputed and feasible one in judicial reform. In the process of judicial reform in China, both professional and democratic approaches seek to make the judiciary independent from the power system, thus realizing the basic social function of the judiciary. By introducing communication into the judicial practice of our country, each discourse subject can reach a consensus of discourse through equal, uncompulsory court debate, increase the approval of both parties to the judgment, and make the social effect and the legal effect organically unified. Based on the analysis and induction of the present social, political and judicial situation of our country, and from the perspective of Habermas's theory of negotiation, and on the basis of analyzing the reason of communication, the author aims at the existing problems of judicial legitimacy in our country. Put forward the judicial topic of communication and discuss it. The judicature of communication provides a new angle of view of judicial legalization and an effective solution to the problem of judicature and public opinion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D926

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