【摘要】：近年以來(lái),未成年人犯罪的比率持續(xù)飆升。未成年人在社會(huì)上本身屬于一種特殊群體,他們還沒(méi)有發(fā)育的足夠成熟,所以對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō),在被采取強(qiáng)制措施后,強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)很有可能會(huì)侵害到他們的權(quán)利。要保障他們司法上的正當(dāng)權(quán)利不受侵害,就要在設(shè)立涉及到少年兒童的有關(guān)制度時(shí),充分考慮到他們的身心特征,有些時(shí)候不能和普通的成年人在上適用的程序上保持完全一致,特殊情況下需要區(qū)別對(duì)待。這項(xiàng)制度要求司法機(jī)關(guān)在審訊未成年犯罪嫌疑人或者未成年被告人時(shí),如果出現(xiàn)監(jiān)護(hù)人沒(méi)辦法到場(chǎng)的情況,依法通知社會(huì)上的未成年保護(hù)組織派出足夠資格替代監(jiān)護(hù)人存在的人來(lái)輔助行使其在訴訟程序上應(yīng)當(dāng)享有的權(quán)利,保障他們應(yīng)有的權(quán)利得到正常履行。我國(guó)2012修改的刑事訴訟法中,正式確立了該項(xiàng)制度,我國(guó)自2003年實(shí)行合適成年人在場(chǎng)制度以來(lái),已經(jīng)過(guò)十幾年時(shí)間的探索,但是在各地區(qū)現(xiàn)實(shí)的實(shí)踐過(guò)程中,逐漸表現(xiàn)出了一些不足之處。所以為了改進(jìn)這一制度,加強(qiáng)對(duì)未成年人享有的權(quán)利的保障,進(jìn)一步適應(yīng)司法實(shí)踐的需求,使得該項(xiàng)制度日趨完善,筆者對(duì)該制度進(jìn)行了多方面的剖析。本文一共分為四部分,第一部分論證了該制度會(huì)產(chǎn)生怎樣的社會(huì)意義;第二部分首先總結(jié)闡述了有關(guān)的立法現(xiàn)狀,緊接著對(duì)目前我國(guó)三個(gè)地區(qū)司法實(shí)踐中的具體情形進(jìn)行分析比較,得出他們之間的異同之處,分析利弊,為后面發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題提出對(duì)策做鋪墊;第三部分在闡述清楚立法現(xiàn)狀,以及具體實(shí)踐情形的對(duì)比之后,得出該制度施行過(guò)程中表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的一些弊端;第四部分通過(guò)前文中的對(duì)比總結(jié),對(duì)表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的問(wèn)題給出相應(yīng)的完善方法。
[Abstract]:The rate of juvenile delinquency has soared in recent years. Minors themselves belong to a special group in society, they are not mature enough, so for them, after the adoption of coercive measures, the powerful state will probably infringe on their rights. In order to ensure that their legitimate rights in the administration of justice are not infringed upon, it is essential that their physical and mental characteristics be fully taken into account in the establishment of relevant systems involving children and adolescents, Sometimes it's not exactly the same procedure as the average adult, and in exceptional cases it needs to be treated differently. This system requires the judicial organs to conduct trials of juvenile criminal suspects or minor defendants if the guardian is unable to be present. In accordance with the law, the minor protection organizations in the society send persons with sufficient qualifications to replace their guardians to assist in the exercise of their rights in the legal proceedings, and to ensure that their due rights are normally fulfilled. This system has been formally established in China's 2012 revised Criminal procedure Law. Since the implementation of the suitable adult presence system in 2003, China has been exploring for more than ten years, but in the practical process of various regions, Gradually showing some shortcomings. So in order to improve this system, strengthen the protection of the rights enjoyed by minors, further adapt to the needs of judicial practice, make the system more and more perfect, the author analyzed the system from various aspects. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part demonstrates the social significance of the system. Then, through the analysis and comparison of the specific situations in the judicial practice of the three regions of our country at present, we can find out the similarities and differences between them, analyze the advantages and disadvantages, and lay the groundwork for the countermeasures to find the problems in the future. The third part is to explain clearly the current situation of legislation. After the comparison of the specific practice, the author concludes some drawbacks in the implementation of the system; the fourth part through the comparison of the previous summary, the performance of the problems given the corresponding improvement methods.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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