本文選題：刑事訴訟 + 民事訴訟��； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：保障人權(quán)是世界各國(guó)所共同關(guān)注的重大問題,也是現(xiàn)代國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)法治化、民主化的重要標(biāo)志。但是,既有的刑事司法實(shí)踐在人權(quán)保障問題上更多的將注意力集中了在刑事被告人上,而刑事被害人權(quán)利保護(hù)沒有得到應(yīng)有的重視。在我國(guó)構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的時(shí)代背景下,如何提升刑事被害人的地位,切實(shí)保障刑事被害人的權(quán)利,讓公正司法和人權(quán)保障的陽(yáng)光照耀和惠及刑事被害人,是刑事被害人附帶民事訴訟權(quán)利保護(hù)制度研究的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn),是需要國(guó)家、政府、法學(xué)界以及全社會(huì)共同關(guān)注的重大問題。 本文采取比較的方式考察了平行訴訟模式和附帶訴訟模式的典型國(guó)家—美國(guó)、英國(guó)、法國(guó)和德國(guó)對(duì)刑事被害人權(quán)利保護(hù)制度,采用理論與實(shí)際結(jié)合的方式分析了我國(guó)刑事被害人附帶民事訴訟權(quán)利保護(hù)的不足并提出自己的完善建議,以期在我國(guó)刑事附帶民事訴訟制度完善進(jìn)程中更加注重被害人權(quán)利保護(hù)。 第一部分,刑事被害人附帶民事訴訟權(quán)利保護(hù)制度內(nèi)涵闡述,包括對(duì)刑事被害人附帶民事訴訟權(quán)利保護(hù)的歷史沿革、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、相關(guān)概述,價(jià)值追求以及理論之爭(zhēng)進(jìn)行闡述。 第二部分,對(duì)典型訴訟模式國(guó)家刑事被害人權(quán)利保護(hù)制度的考察,重點(diǎn)考察了平行訴訟模式典型國(guó)家美國(guó)和英國(guó),附帶訴訟模式典型國(guó)家法國(guó)和德國(guó)的刑事被害人權(quán)利保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀和特點(diǎn),從中發(fā)現(xiàn)值得借鑒和反思的先進(jìn)理念和做法,為完善我國(guó)刑事被害人附帶民事訴訟權(quán)利保護(hù)制度起到較好的借鑒作用。 第三部分,對(duì)刑事被害人附帶民事訴訟權(quán)利保護(hù)的不足進(jìn)行分析：對(duì)存在刑民訴訟關(guān)系對(duì)立包括附帶民事訴訟屬性、價(jià)值取向選擇、法律原則適用和證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)采用四方面的問題、刑事被害人損害賠償請(qǐng)求范圍不合理以及損害賠償裁判執(zhí)行難等問題進(jìn)行闡述。 第四部分,對(duì)刑事被害人附帶民事訴訟權(quán)利保護(hù)的完善提出建議,完善的主要內(nèi)容是：首先樹立正確的司法理念,實(shí)現(xiàn)恢復(fù)性司法、堅(jiān)持國(guó)家責(zé)任說、打破先刑后民原則、加強(qiáng)附帶民事訴訟獨(dú)立性,擴(kuò)大刑事被害人損害賠償請(qǐng)求范圍,增設(shè)刑事和解和刑事被害人國(guó)家補(bǔ)償制度等保障刑事被害人獲得民事賠償與救濟(jì)的配套機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:The protection of human rights is a major concern of all countries in the world. It is also an important symbol of the realization of the rule of law and democratization in modern countries. However, the existing practice of criminal justice focuses more attention on the criminal defendants on the protection of human rights, and the protection of the rights of the criminal victims has not received due attention. Under the background of constructing socialist harmonious society in our country, how to improve the position of criminal victim, protect the rights of criminal victim, let the sunshine of just judicature and human rights guarantee shine and benefit the criminal victim, It is the starting point and the end of the research on the protection system of the criminal victim's incidental civil litigation right. It is a major problem that needs the common attention of the country, the government, the legal circles and the whole society. This paper takes a comparative approach to examine the system of protecting the rights of criminal victims in the United States, Britain, France and Germany, which are typical countries of parallel litigation mode and incidental litigation mode. By combining theory with practice, this paper analyzes the deficiency of the protection of criminal victim's incidental civil litigation right and puts forward his own perfect suggestion. We hope to pay more attention to the protection of victims' rights in the process of perfecting our criminal incidental civil procedure system. The first part, the criminal victim incidental civil litigation rights protection system connotation, including the criminal victim incidental civil litigation rights protection history, development status, related overview, value pursuit and theoretical debate. In the second part, the author investigates the system of protecting the rights of criminal victims in the typical litigation mode countries, especially the United States and the United Kingdom, which are the typical countries of the parallel litigation mode. The status quo and characteristics of criminal victim rights protection in France and Germany, which are typical countries of incidental litigation mode, are found to be worthy of reference and reflection of advanced ideas and practices. In order to perfect our criminal victim incidental civil litigation rights protection system play a better reference role. In the third part, the author analyzes the deficiency of the protection of the criminal victim's incidental civil litigation right: the opposites of criminal lawsuit including the attribute of incidental civil action, the choice of value orientation, The application of legal principles and the standard of proof are discussed in four aspects, such as the unreasonable scope of criminal victim's claim for damages and the difficulty in enforcing the judgment of damages. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on the perfection of the protection of the criminal victim's incidental civil litigation rights. The main contents of the perfection are: first, to establish the correct judicial idea, to realize the restorative justice, to adhere to the theory of national responsibility, to break the principle of first punishment before the people. We should strengthen the independence of incidental civil proceedings, expand the scope of criminal victims' claims for damages, and add complementary mechanisms to ensure that criminal victims receive civil compensation and relief, such as criminal reconciliation and the system of state compensation for criminal victims.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.1;D925.2

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