本文選題：民事程序選擇權(quán) + 程序主體性原則��； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 民事程序選擇權(quán)是當事人在解決民事糾紛或民事訴訟中所享有的一項重要權(quán)利。本文從“一元錢糾紛”引起的思考入手,引出民事程序選擇權(quán)的概念,進而指出本文采取“廣義說”,并從民事程序選擇權(quán)的性質(zhì)、與處分權(quán)的界限及其功能分析三個方面進一步明確了民事程序選擇權(quán)的基本內(nèi)涵。其次,筆者通過對民事程序選擇權(quán)的正當性分析強化了這一權(quán)利的重要意義,具體從民事程序選擇權(quán)的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)、經(jīng)濟學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和法理基礎(chǔ)三個角度闡釋了它的理論基礎(chǔ);從市場經(jīng)濟、司法現(xiàn)狀和人權(quán)發(fā)展趨勢三個角度闡釋了它的現(xiàn)實必要性。再次,從民事程序選擇權(quán)的效力和對它的合理限制兩個方面論述了民事程序選擇權(quán)的基本原理。民事程序選擇權(quán)的效力包括對當事人的約束力和對法院的約束力。一切權(quán)力都有被濫用的危險,民事訴訟的主體被法律賦予了廣泛的權(quán)利,但是如果只是給予行使程序權(quán)力的自由,而不進行必要的規(guī)范,程序權(quán)利則必然存在被濫用的危險。因此,有必要對民事程序選擇權(quán)進行合理的限制。最后,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外關(guān)于民事程序選擇權(quán)的立法現(xiàn)狀對我國現(xiàn)行立法存在的缺陷及成因進行了分析,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合基本理論對完善我國民事訴訟程序選擇權(quán)提出了具體的建議。 第一部分民事程序選擇權(quán)概述。本部分首先從民事程序選擇權(quán)的定義入手,認為民事程序選擇權(quán)是指在民事糾紛發(fā)生以后,當事人在法律規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)自主選擇糾紛解決方式或者在民事訴訟中當事人自主選擇相關(guān)的程序或者與程序有關(guān)的事項的權(quán)利;其次對民事程序選擇權(quán)的性質(zhì)進行準確定位,指出民事程序選擇權(quán)是憲法性權(quán)利、私法性權(quán)力、為保障實體權(quán)利實現(xiàn)而設(shè)置的程序性權(quán)利,并將民事程序選擇權(quán)與處分權(quán)和程序控制權(quán)分別進行了比較分析。再次,通過對民事程序選擇權(quán)功能的分析強化了民事程序選擇權(quán)的價值。 第二部分民事訴訟程序選擇權(quán)存在的正當性分析。這一章闡述了當事人的民事程序選擇權(quán)存在的兩大基石:理論基礎(chǔ)和現(xiàn)實必要性。民事程序選擇權(quán)的存在具有三大理論依據(jù),即在哲學(xué)上,個體需要自由;在經(jīng)濟學(xué)上,每一個理性的人都是自己利益的最佳判斷者;在法理學(xué)上,人權(quán)是憲法基礎(chǔ),程序主體性原則是程序法基礎(chǔ),私權(quán)自治是實體法基礎(chǔ)。除了理論上的依據(jù)之外,還有社會現(xiàn)實的需要。發(fā)展市場經(jīng)濟、解決我國現(xiàn)階段的兩大司法困境以及順應(yīng)當今人權(quán)保障的國際趨勢,這些都需要在法律上明確賦予當事人民事程序選擇權(quán)并為其實現(xiàn)提供保障。 第三部分闡述了民事程序選擇權(quán)的基本原理。在分別闡述了民事程序選擇權(quán)對當事人和法院的效力的基礎(chǔ)上,繼而著重論述對民事程序選擇權(quán)進行合理限制的必要性和應(yīng)考慮的因素。 第四部分對相關(guān)的民事程序選擇權(quán)的立法進行了系統(tǒng)考察。在現(xiàn)代民事糾紛解決領(lǐng)域,私權(quán)自治和尊重當事人程序處分權(quán)的理念已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢,并在許多國家或地區(qū)的立法中有所體現(xiàn)。該部分主要以美國、法國以及我國臺灣地區(qū)的法為范例,就其立法中關(guān)于民事程序選擇權(quán)的規(guī)定作簡要介紹。 第五部分論述了我國民事程序選擇權(quán)的現(xiàn)狀及制度重構(gòu)。從我國理論研究和立法狀況兩個方面,對我國民事程序選擇權(quán)的現(xiàn)狀進行分析。并在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出完善和保障民事程序選擇權(quán)的基本思路。
[Abstract]:The choice of civil procedure is an important right which the parties enjoy in the settlement of civil or civil litigation. Starting with the thinking caused by the "one dollar money dispute", this article leads to the concept of the right to choose the civil procedure, and then points out that this article adopts the "broad sense", and the nature of the choice right from the civil procedure, the boundary and the merit of the disposition right. The three aspects can further clarify the basic connotation of the right to choose the civil procedure. Secondly, the author strengthens the significance of this right through the analysis of the legitimacy of the civil procedure selection right, and explains its theoretical basis from the philosophical basis of the civil procedure selection right, the economic basis and the legal basis; from the market, the author explains its theoretical basis; Economic, judicial status and the development trend of human rights three angles to explain the necessity of its reality. Again, the basic principle of the civil procedure selection right is discussed from two aspects of the validity of the civil procedure choice and its reasonable restriction. The effectiveness of the civil procedure selection right includes the binding force to the parties and the binding force to the court. Force has the danger of being abused. The subject of civil action is given a wide range of rights by law. But if it is only given the freedom to exercise procedural power without the necessary norms, the procedural rights will inevitably be abused. Therefore, it is necessary to restrict the choice of civil procedure right. The legislative situation of the right of civil procedure selection has made an analysis on the defects and causes of the existing legislation in our country, and on this basis, it puts forward specific suggestions on improving the right to choose the civil procedure in our country with the basic theory.
The first part is an overview of the right of civil procedure selection. This part begins with the definition of the right of civil procedure selection. It is considered that the right of civil procedure selection refers to the parties' independent choice of the dispute settlement mode within the scope of the law, or the independent selection of relevant procedures or procedures in the civil procedure after the civil dispute occurs. The right of the related matters; secondly, accurately positioning the nature of the right to choose the civil procedure, pointing out that the civil procedure selection right is the constitutional right, the private law power, the procedural right set up to guarantee the realization of the substantive rights, and compares the civil procedure selection right with the right of disposition and the control right of the process. The analysis of the right to choose civil procedure strengthens the value of the right to choose civil procedure.
The second part is an analysis of the legitimacy of the right to choose the civil procedure. This chapter expounds the two cornerstones of the right to choose the civil procedure of the parties: the theoretical basis and the practical necessity. There are three theoretical bases for the existence of the right to choose the civil procedure, that is, in philosophy, the individual needs freedom; in economics, every rational person is in the economy. It is the best judge of its own interests; in jurisprudence, human rights are the basis of the constitution, the principle of procedural subjectivity is the basis of procedural law, and the autonomy of private rights is the basis of the substantive law. Besides the theoretical basis, there is the need of social reality, the development of market economy, the solution of the two judicial plight at the present stage of our country and the country that conforms to the present human rights protection. These trends need to be legally given to the parties to choose the right to civil proceedings and provide protection for their realization.
The third part expounds the basic principle of the right to choose the civil procedure. On the basis of the effectiveness of the civil procedure selection right to the parties and the court, the necessity and the factors to be considered are emphatically discussed.
In the fourth part, the legislation of the right to choose the civil procedure is systematically investigated. In the field of modern civil dispute settlement, the idea of private autonomy and respect for the right of procedural punishment of the parties has become a trend and is reflected in the legislation of many countries or regions. This part is mainly in the United States, France and the Taiwan region of our country. As an example, this article gives a brief introduction to the provisions on the choice of civil procedure in its legislation.
The fifth part discusses the current situation and the system reconstruction of the right of civil procedure selection in our country. From two aspects of China's theoretical research and legislative situation, the present situation of the civil procedure selection right of our country is analyzed. On this basis, the basic ideas of improving and guaranteeing the right of civil procedure selection are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D925.1

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