本文選題：合適成年人 + 未成年人權(quán)益保護��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：一般認為，在2012年《刑事訴訟法》修改之前，合適成年人參與制度在我國的刑事法律法規(guī)中就已有反映，但是概念不夠明確，法律規(guī)定不夠具體，且不同法律法規(guī)的規(guī)定之間又存在沖突和矛盾，實踐中難以操作。因此，盡管合適成年人參與制度在司法實踐中試點已久，但其發(fā)展相對緩慢。2012年《刑事訴訟法》新修改，其中第270條對合適成年人參與未成年人刑事訴訟作出了更為明確和具體的規(guī)定。為有效對接新《刑事訴訟法》，合適成年人參與制度在全國各地相繼推行。本文以重慶市Y區(qū)的合適成年人參與制度為研究對象，立足于其發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，分析新的立法背景下合適成年人參與制度的發(fā)展已經(jīng)以及可能遇到的問題，并相應(yīng)提出完善建議。 本文共分為三個部分： 第一部分是對重慶市Y區(qū)合適成年人參與制度推行背景及現(xiàn)狀的介紹。在制度推行背景上，Y區(qū)存在外來學(xué)生和“留守兒童”較多、時有涉嫌犯罪的情況，司法實踐中對合適成年人有較為迫切的需求。在合適成年人參與的模式上，Y區(qū)選擇的是救濟模式和狹義的全程參與模式。Y區(qū)的制度創(chuàng)新體現(xiàn)在對合適成年人參與的范圍及階段既有限縮又有擴張、合適成年人與辦案人員之間由單向監(jiān)督向雙向監(jiān)督轉(zhuǎn)變、合適成年人進入監(jiān)管場所由私下協(xié)調(diào)向規(guī)范化發(fā)展等內(nèi)容。對于制度的推行實效，Y區(qū)合適成年人參與制度的推行為法定代理人的缺位提供了有力救濟，有效地維護了刑事案件中未成年人的合法權(quán)益。 第二部分是對重慶市Y區(qū)合適成年人參與制度存在的問題及其成因的分析。其存在的問題主要是對合適成年人的角色定位模糊、對于涉罪未成年人權(quán)利的保障仍然還不夠、合適成年人存在數(shù)量不足與“分布不均”的問題、某些合適成年人的履職效果還不夠理想、部分辦案人員未嚴格按規(guī)操作等。導(dǎo)致上述問題出現(xiàn)的原因包括對合適成年人角色理解的偏差、合適成年人的選聘方式存在問題、合適成年人履職的保障和監(jiān)管機制尚不完善、辦案人員辦理未成年人刑事案件不夠?qū)I(yè)、辦案人員違規(guī)操作無不利后果的約束等。 第三部分是根據(jù)第二部分的分析所作出的完善建議，包括明確合適成年人的角色定位和制度設(shè)立的根本目的，強化對涉罪未成年人的權(quán)利保障、對涉罪未成年人的權(quán)利救濟作出規(guī)定，改革選任合適成年人的方式、保證合適成年人隊伍的數(shù)量與質(zhì)量，完善合適成年人履職的保障和監(jiān)管機制，，對辦案人員進行培訓(xùn)和約束等。
[Abstract]:It is generally believed that prior to the revision of the Criminal procedure Law in 2012, the system of participation of suitable adults had been reflected in the criminal laws and regulations of our country, but the concept was not clear enough and the legal provisions were not specific enough. And there are conflicts and contradictions between different laws and regulations, which is difficult to operate in practice. Thus, although the system of appropriate adult participation has been piloted in judicial practice for a long time, its development has been relatively slow. New amendments to the 2012 Code of Criminal procedure, Article 270 provides for the participation of suitable adults in juvenile criminal proceedings more clearly and specifically. In order to effectively connect with the new Criminal procedure Law, appropriate adult participation system has been implemented throughout the country. This article takes the suitable adult participation system in the Y district of Chongqing as the research object, based on its development situation, analyzes the problems that the suitable adult participation system has developed and may encounter under the new legislative background, and puts forward corresponding consummation suggestions. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part introduces the background and present situation of appropriate adult participation system in Y District of Chongqing. In the background of the implementation of the system, there are more foreign students and "left-behind children" in the Y area, and there are cases of suspected crimes from time to time. Therefore, there is an urgent need for suitable adults in judicial practice. In the mode of suitable adult participation, the system innovation of area Y and the mode of relief and narrow range participation are reflected in the limitation and expansion of the scope and stage of the participation of suitable adults. The change from one-way supervision to two-way supervision between suitable adults and case handlers, and the transition of suitable adults into supervision places from private coordination to standardized development. The implementation of appropriate adult participation system in area Y provides effective relief for the absence of legal agents and effectively protects the legitimate rights and interests of minors in criminal cases. The second part is the analysis of the problems and causes of the appropriate adult participation system in Y District of Chongqing. The main problem is that the role of the appropriate adult is vague, the protection of the rights of the minor involved in the crime is still insufficient, the number of suitable adults is insufficient and the problem of "uneven distribution" exists. Some suitable adult performance effect is not ideal, some case handling personnel are not strictly in accordance with the rules and so on. The causes of the above problems include the deviation of the understanding of the role of the suitable adults, the problems in the selection and employment of the suitable adults, and the imperfect protection and supervision mechanism for the proper adults to carry out their duties. The handling of juvenile criminal cases is not professional enough, and there are no adverse consequences. The third part is based on the analysis of the second part of the perfect recommendations, including clear the role of suitable adults and the fundamental purpose of the establishment of the system, strengthen the rights of minors involved in crime protection. To provide for the relief of the rights of minors involved in crimes, to reform the way of selecting suitable adults, to ensure the quantity and quality of the right adults, and to perfect the guarantee and supervision mechanism for the proper adults to carry out their duties. Train and restrain the case handling personnel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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本文編號：1949138