本文選題：偵查階段 + 犯罪嫌疑人人權　； 參考：《揚州大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑事法律援助制度的設置為保障人權、實現(xiàn)司法公正提供了保障。法律援助制度介入偵查階段的必要性主要體現(xiàn)在：偵查階段的法律援助能夠充分體現(xiàn)對弱勢群體的人本關懷,偵查機關擁有強大的公權力,如果律師能以會見等方式與犯罪嫌疑人交流,并轉達其親友對他的關懷,無疑體現(xiàn)了國家對弱勢群體的入文關懷；偵查階段的法律援助可以使律師及時收集有利于被追訴一方的證據(jù),更加全面的了解案情,有利于使偵查機關查明案件事實；偵查階段的法律援助是聯(lián)合國刑事司法準則的要求；偵查階段法律援助彰顯了程序正義。新修改的《中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法》為偵查階段犯罪嫌疑人的法律援助帶來了光明,但是仍有不完備之處。本文通過偵查階段的法律援助的立法分析和實踐考察兩個方面來體現(xiàn)我國偵查階段法律援助制度目前存在的不足,就如何完善法律援助制度提出建議。全文由導論、正文和結語三大部分組成,其中正文包括三個部分： 文章的第一部分主要是通過我國偵查階段法律援助相關的立法脈絡來分析偵查階段法律援助制度,梳理了我國偵查階段的法律援助的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展過程,特別是評析了新《刑事訴訟法》關于刑事法律援助制度的修改。通過比較分析可知,我國偵查階段的法律援助還存在著對偵查機關的告知義務不明確、法律援助的范圍雖然有所擴大但距離國際標準還小得多,保障機制缺失等問題。 文章第二部分是對我國偵查階段法律援助在實踐中的運行進行了一系列的分析,包括新《刑事訴訟法》把法律援助制度提前到偵查階段之后,我國律師資源以及法律援助資金難以滿足偵查階段犯罪嫌疑人的法律援助需求。以及在偵查階段,律師介入偵查階段困難大,還有偵查機關對于“可能被判處無期徒刑的人”存在客觀上的判斷難等問題。 文章第三部分是文章的核心,主要對我國偵查階段的法律援助可能存在的問題提出了解決對策。包括立法上擴大受援范圍、明確偵查機關的告知義務及告知方式、建立偵查階段法律援助的保障機制等等；實踐上則通過解決法律資源和法律援助案件的供需矛盾、改善律師在偵查階段的介入難問題、加強對法律援助對象的識別等來完善我國偵查階段的法律援助制度。希望通過這一系列措施推進我國偵查階段法律援助制度的建設,使需要法律援助的犯罪嫌疑人得到幫助,使他們的權利得到有效維護,從而促進社會和諧。
[Abstract]:The establishment of criminal legal aid system provides guarantee for the protection of human rights and the realization of judicial justice.The necessity for the legal aid system to intervene in the investigation stage is mainly reflected in the following aspects: the legal aid in the investigation stage can fully reflect the humanistic concern for the vulnerable groups, and the investigative organs have strong public power.If the lawyer can communicate with the criminal suspect by means of interview and convey the concern of his relatives and friends, it will undoubtedly reflect the country's concern for the vulnerable group.The legal aid in the investigation stage can make the lawyer collect the evidence in favor of the party being prosecuted in time, understand the case more comprehensively, and help the investigation organ to find out the facts of the case;The legal aid in the investigation stage is the requirement of the United Nations criminal justice standard, and the legal aid in the investigation stage shows the procedural justice.The newly revised Criminal procedure Law of the people's Republic of China has brought bright light to the legal aid of criminal suspects in the investigation stage, but there are still some deficiencies.Through the legislative analysis and practical investigation of the legal aid in the investigation stage, this paper reflects the deficiency of the legal aid system in the investigation stage in our country, and puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the legal aid system.The full text consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion, in which the text consists of three parts:The first part of the article mainly analyzes the legal aid system in the investigation stage through the legislative context related to the legal aid in the investigation stage of our country, and combs the process of the emergence and development of the legal aid in the investigation stage in our country.In particular, it comments on the revision of the criminal legal aid system in the new Criminal procedure Law.Through comparative analysis, we can see that the legal aid in the investigation stage of our country still has some problems, such as the duty of informing the investigation organ is not clear, the scope of the legal aid has been expanded, but it is much smaller than the international standard, and the safeguard mechanism is missing, and so on.The second part of the article is a series of analysis on the operation of legal aid in the investigation stage of our country, including the advance of the legal aid system from the new Criminal procedure Law to the investigation stage.It is difficult to meet the legal aid needs of criminal suspects in investigation stage by lawyers' resources and legal aid funds in our country.In the investigation stage, it is difficult for the lawyer to intervene in the investigation stage, and it is difficult for the investigating organ to judge objectively the person who may be sentenced to life imprisonment.The third part is the core of the article.Including expanding the scope of receiving assistance in legislation, clarifying the duty and mode of notification of investigative organs, establishing a guarantee mechanism for legal aid in the investigation stage, and so on. In practice, the contradiction between the supply and demand of legal resources and cases of legal aid is resolved.In order to perfect the legal aid system of our country, we should improve the difficulty of lawyers' intervention in the investigation stage, strengthen the identification of the legal aid objects and so on.It is hoped that this series of measures will promote the construction of the legal aid system in the investigation stage of our country, help the criminal suspects in need of legal aid, protect their rights effectively, and thus promote social harmony.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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本文編號：1763459