本文選題：沒收程序　切入點：貪污賄賂　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在我國,貪污賄賂案件、恐怖活動案件中犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡情況越來越多,而在2013年新《刑事訴訟法》實行以前,因為犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿或者死亡而導(dǎo)致未啟動刑事訴訟程序的將無法啟動,已經(jīng)啟動刑事訴訟程序的根據(jù)不同階段分別作出撤銷案件、不起訴、中止審理等處理,這樣一來不僅無法追究犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的法律責(zé)任,無法補償被害人的損失,也侵害了國家財產(chǎn)。因此,新《刑事訴訟法》在第五編特別程序的第三章中用一整章來規(guī)定犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件違法所得的沒收程序。對于該沒收程序的立法原因從程序法上說是完善刑事法律體系的內(nèi)在要求；從實體法上說有利于追繳犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的違法所得以及涉案財物；從國際層面上來看,為追繳流落在國外的財物提供了法律依據(jù),顯示了中國在打擊腐敗賄賂、恐怖活動犯罪案件上的決心。 本文共分為四個部分： 第一章犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件違法所得的沒收程序概述 該部分主要討論了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件違法所得的沒收程序的含義；該沒收程序的獨立性、適用案件特殊性、適用對象特殊性、沒收客體廣泛性、證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寬松性等特征；從程序法、實體法等方面解釋了該沒收程序的立法原因；闡述了沒收程序的國際法依據(jù)以及對該沒收程序先進(jìn)性做出了分析。 第二章犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡案件違法所得沒收程序的立法狀況 這一部分首先考察了2012年以前,國內(nèi)法律,如《刑法》、《人民檢察院刑事訴訟法則》、《最高人民法院關(guān)于執(zhí)行中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法若干問題的解釋》等法律對違法所得沒收程序的各項規(guī)定以及其中的漏洞,然后筆者主要從該沒收程序的適用范圍、申請主體、決定主體、其啟動程序和管轄機(jī)關(guān)以及其性質(zhì)等方面來解讀2012年《刑事訴訟法》關(guān)于沒收程序的相關(guān)規(guī)定。 第三章域外關(guān)于違法所得沒收程序的考察 筆者闡述了英美法系、大陸法系國家法律對沒收程序的規(guī)定,其后,筆者分析了我國與其他國家關(guān)于沒收程序的規(guī)定在性質(zhì)、證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、適用對象、主管機(jī)關(guān)方面的不同。 第四章犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃匿、死亡違法所得沒收程序的漏洞及完善 這一部分提出《刑事訴訟法》申請主體,證明對象、證明責(zé)任和證明標(biāo)準(zhǔn),審理程序,適用范圍等規(guī)定的漏洞,然后對這些問題如何完善給出了若干建議。
[Abstract]:In our country, corruption and bribery cases, terrorist activities in cases of criminal suspects, defendants fled hiding, death more and more, and in 2013 before the implementation of the new Code of Criminal procedure, because the suspects, If the defendant escapes or dies, which results in the failure to initiate criminal proceedings, the criminal procedure has been initiated and the cases of withdrawal, non-prosecution, and suspension of the trial are separately made according to the different stages of the criminal proceedings. In this way, not only can we not investigate the legal liability of the criminal suspects and the accused, nor can we compensate the victims for their losses, they also infringe upon the property of the state. The new Code of Criminal procedure uses an entire chapter in chapter III of part 5 special procedures to provide for the escape of criminal suspects and accused persons. The procedure for confiscation of illegal proceeds in death cases. The legislative reasons for the confiscation procedure are the inherent requirements of perfecting the criminal legal system from the procedural law, and the substantive law is conducive to the recovery of criminal suspects. The illegal proceeds of the defendants and the property involved in the case, from the international level, provide the legal basis for the recovery of foreign property, which shows China's determination in cracking down on corruption, bribery and terrorist crimes. This paper is divided into four parts:. Chapter 1 Summary of confiscation procedures for illegal proceeds of criminal suspects and defendants in cases of escape and concealment. This part mainly discusses the meaning of the confiscation procedure of the criminal suspect, the defendant, the illegal income in the death case, the independence of the confiscation procedure, the particularity of the applicable case, the particularity of the applicable object, the universality of the confiscation object, It explains the legislative reasons of the confiscation procedure from the aspects of procedural law and substantive law, expounds the international law basis of the confiscation procedure and makes an analysis of the advanced nature of the confiscation procedure. Chapter II Legislative status of the procedure for confiscation of illegal proceeds of Criminal suspects and defendants fleeing and hiding or in death cases. This part first examines the domestic law before 2012. For example, the provisions of the Criminal Law, the Criminal procedure Law of the people's Procuratorate, the interpretation of certain issues concerning the execution of the Criminal procedure Law of the people's Republic of China by the Supreme people's Court, and the loopholes therein, Then the author interprets the relevant provisions of the Criminal procedure Law in 2012 from the aspects of the scope of application of the confiscation procedure, the application subject, the decision subject, the initiation procedure, the jurisdiction and the nature of the confiscation procedure. Chapter III Extraterritorial investigation on the procedure of confiscation of illegal proceeds. The author expounds the provisions of confiscation procedure in the laws of Anglo-American law system and civil law system. Then, the author analyzes the differences between China and other countries in the nature, standard of proof, applicable object and competent authority. Chapter IV loopholes in the procedure of confiscation of criminal suspects and defendants and their perfection. This part puts forward the loopholes of the application subject, the object of proof, the burden of proof and the standard of proof, the procedure of trial, the scope of application and so on, and then gives some suggestions on how to perfect these problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D925.2

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