發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-07 16:30

  本文選題：技術(shù)偵查　切入點(diǎn)：權(quán)力規(guī)制　出處：《中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：刑事技術(shù)偵查措施是一把“雙刃劍”,既能為偵破案件打擊犯罪提供有效手段,也可能侵害當(dāng)事人權(quán)利,甚至影響整個(gè)公民社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定,并已有先例可循。我國(guó)作為現(xiàn)代法治國(guó)家,理應(yīng)堅(jiān)守刑事司法制度的權(quán)力制約和權(quán)利保障的基本原則,特別是對(duì)于我國(guó)這種具有“重刑主義”“偵查便利主義”傳統(tǒng)的國(guó)家,對(duì)偵查權(quán)力尤其是技術(shù)偵查措施使用的制約尤為重要。我國(guó)刑事訴訟立法雖然專(zhuān)節(jié)規(guī)定了技術(shù)偵查措施,但是由于規(guī)定過(guò)于原則、模糊,相關(guān)司法解釋性文件也沒(méi)有作出具體、細(xì)致、統(tǒng)一的規(guī)定,技術(shù)偵查措施的范圍、程序、后果等問(wèn)題規(guī)定不夠全面,當(dāng)事人權(quán)利保障的規(guī)定缺失,沒(méi)有形成完整的技術(shù)偵查制度,實(shí)踐中對(duì)技術(shù)偵查措施使用和運(yùn)行的規(guī)制不到位,造成了偵查權(quán)力不受制約、相對(duì)人權(quán)利得不到有效保障的不利局面,有必要予以深入研究,進(jìn)而填補(bǔ)技術(shù)偵查措施規(guī)制制度的“缺漏”。本文著眼完善技術(shù)偵查立法,深入分析現(xiàn)有規(guī)則和實(shí)踐問(wèn)題,提出相對(duì)完整的制度構(gòu)想,主要包括三部分。第一部分從國(guó)內(nèi)外立法和相關(guān)理論研究的對(duì)比分析,厘清技術(shù)偵查措施的概念,進(jìn)而從秘密性、技術(shù)性、強(qiáng)制性、順向性等方面闡述了技術(shù)偵查的特征,并以此為基點(diǎn)對(duì)其分類(lèi)進(jìn)行了探討。第二部分對(duì)我國(guó)刑事技術(shù)偵查制度進(jìn)行了評(píng)述,結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外立法、司法實(shí)踐和理論研究,從技術(shù)偵查措施的條件、范圍、對(duì)象以及運(yùn)行程序、監(jiān)督制約、權(quán)利保障等方面全面梳理技術(shù)偵查規(guī)制方面存在的主要問(wèn)題,特別指明了立法的不合理和空白之處。第三部分從系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)制制度的角度,提出了必須貫徹的正當(dāng)程序理論、必須遵循的特定原則,進(jìn)而從技術(shù)偵查措施的審批程序、監(jiān)督機(jī)制、證據(jù)使用以及權(quán)利救濟(jì)等方面提出針對(duì)性建議,對(duì)相關(guān)實(shí)體和程序問(wèn)題提出了具體可操作的規(guī)則設(shè)計(jì),尤其是從以權(quán)利制約權(quán)力的角度,對(duì)當(dāng)事人權(quán)利保障問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了闡述和程序設(shè)計(jì),以期為今后我國(guó)刑事訴訟立法構(gòu)建完善的技術(shù)偵查規(guī)制制度提供參考。
[Abstract]:Criminal technical investigation measures are a "double-edged sword", which can not only provide an effective means to crack down on crimes, but also infringe on the rights of the parties concerned and even affect the stability of civil society as a whole. As a modern country ruled by law, China should adhere to the basic principles of power restriction and protection of rights in the criminal justice system, especially for a country with a tradition of "heavy punishment" and "investigation facilitation". The restriction on the use of investigative power, especially technical investigative measures, is particularly important. Although the criminal procedure legislation of our country provides for technical investigative measures in a special section, the provisions are too principled and vague, and the relevant judicial explanatory documents have not made any specific provisions. Detailed and unified provisions, the scope, procedures, consequences of technical investigation measures are not comprehensive enough, the provisions on the protection of the rights of the parties are missing, and a complete technical investigation system has not been formed. In practice, the regulation of the use and operation of technical investigation measures is not in place, which results in an unrestrained investigation power and an unfavorable situation in which the rights of relative persons are not effectively protected, so it is necessary to make a thorough study. This paper focuses on perfecting the legislation of technical investigation, deeply analyzing the existing rules and practical problems, and putting forward a relatively complete system conception. It mainly includes three parts. The first part clarifies the concept of technical investigation measures from the comparative analysis of domestic and foreign legislation and related theoretical research, and then expounds the characteristics of technical investigation from the aspects of secrecy, technology, compulsion, orientation, etc. The second part makes a comment on the criminal investigation system of our country, combining the domestic and foreign legislation, judicial practice and theoretical research, from the conditions and scope of the technical investigation measures. The main problems existing in the regulation of technical investigation in the aspects of object and operation procedure, supervision and restriction, protection of rights and so on are comprehensively combed out, and the irrationality and blank of legislation are pointed out. The third part designs the regulation system from the point of view of systematic design of regulation system. This paper puts forward the theory of due process that must be carried out, the specific principles that must be followed, and then puts forward some specific suggestions from the aspects of examination and approval procedure, supervision mechanism, evidence use and right relief of technical investigation measures. The relevant entities and procedures are put forward specific operational rules design, especially from the perspective of the right to restrict power, the protection of the rights of the parties are elaborated and program design. In order to provide reference for our country criminal procedure legislation to construct the perfect technical investigation regulation system in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D925.2

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