本文選題：人民陪審員　切入點(diǎn)：獨(dú)立性　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：陪審制度自移植至我國(guó)之后,其發(fā)展歷程可謂是跌宕起伏。及至今日,人民陪審員制度已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)司法制度的重要組成部分,是人民參與司法的主要途徑。然而,一直以來(lái),人民陪審員制度的實(shí)踐狀況卻不容樂(lè)觀,"陪而不審,審而不判"的現(xiàn)象普遍存在,導(dǎo)致陪審制價(jià)值無(wú)法充分實(shí)現(xiàn),甚至人民陪審員被認(rèn)為只是庭審活動(dòng)的外觀擺設(shè)�？v觀我國(guó)的立法和司法實(shí)踐,人民陪審員的獨(dú)立性缺失是導(dǎo)致人民陪審員制度淪為"雞肋"的主要原因。對(duì)于人民陪審員制度的完善研究,歸根結(jié)底是要保證人民陪審員在審判中發(fā)揮實(shí)質(zhì)參審的作用,即人民陪審員要獨(dú)立、完整、真正地參與到審判活動(dòng)中。人民陪審員的獨(dú)立性要求人民陪審員的主體地位是獨(dú)立于法官、法院乃至其他機(jī)構(gòu)的,其參與法庭審判、行使陪審職權(quán)的時(shí)候不應(yīng)受到任何因素的干擾,必須僅僅依靠自身的知識(shí)積累和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)作出相應(yīng)的審查和判斷。人民陪審員的該種獨(dú)立性體現(xiàn)在各個(gè)方面,從選任環(huán)節(jié)到審判以至評(píng)議環(huán)節(jié)都要求體現(xiàn)獨(dú)立性,才能體現(xiàn)人民陪審員真正的獨(dú)立。然而,司法實(shí)踐中人民陪審員獨(dú)立性缺失的問(wèn)題一直是阻礙陪審機(jī)制發(fā)揮實(shí)效的主要成因,人民陪審員的獨(dú)立性現(xiàn)狀不容樂(lè)觀,嚴(yán)重影響了人民陪審制的本質(zhì)屬性。因此,必須將人民陪審員的獨(dú)立與法官的獨(dú)立進(jìn)行比較,提出人民陪審員本身獨(dú)立性的涵義和具體內(nèi)容,并緊密?chē)@與其獨(dú)立性有關(guān)的制度規(guī)定展開(kāi)豐富的論述,總結(jié)人民陪審員獨(dú)立性缺失的問(wèn)題和原因,提出完善人民陪審員獨(dú)立性的建議和對(duì)策。從加強(qiáng)人民陪審員自身的獨(dú)立性入手,使其能夠充分、徹底地行使陪審職權(quán),獨(dú)立發(fā)表意見(jiàn),促進(jìn)審判活動(dòng)的順利進(jìn)行,實(shí)現(xiàn)陪審制度質(zhì)的飛躍。隨著《人民陪審員制度改革試點(diǎn)方案》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《試點(diǎn)方案》)和《人民陪審員制度改革試點(diǎn)工作實(shí)施辦法》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《實(shí)施辦法》)的公布施行,諸如人民陪審員的選任、參審機(jī)制和職權(quán)分配等改革措施勢(shì)必會(huì)在一定程度上解決人民陪審員獨(dú)立性缺失的問(wèn)題,但是欲建構(gòu)完善的人民陪審員獨(dú)立性保障機(jī)制,必須繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持以審判為中心的改革目標(biāo),并重點(diǎn)完善人民陪審員的自身認(rèn)知、陪審員參審的案件范圍、合議庭的評(píng)議規(guī)則與分歧解決機(jī)制、陪審員的閱卷權(quán)、對(duì)陪審員的中立管理、陪審員履職保障體系等各個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容,以上內(nèi)容也是本文重點(diǎn)解決的中心問(wèn)題。宣傳陪審理念,使人民陪審員將獨(dú)立行使陪審職權(quán)的理念銘記于心;合理界定陪審案件范圍,明確適用人民陪審員審理的案件范圍和排除范圍,使得人民陪審員參審的案件范圍達(dá)更加合理,有助于其專注地行使陪審職權(quán),形成獨(dú)立的陪審意見(jiàn);明確人民陪審員應(yīng)當(dāng)享有的相關(guān)陪審權(quán)利,為獨(dú)立行使陪審職權(quán)提供便利條件,促進(jìn)陪審實(shí)至名歸;建立科學(xué)合理的陪審員評(píng)議規(guī)則和分權(quán)機(jī)制,促進(jìn)人民陪審員獨(dú)立意見(jiàn)的形成和表達(dá);建立中立機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)于陪審員隊(duì)伍的妥善管理,促進(jìn)人民陪審員審判地位的獨(dú)立;提高對(duì)陪審員的履職保障,尤其是協(xié)調(diào)擔(dān)任人民陪審員與其工作單位之間的關(guān)系顯得尤為重要。通過(guò)有針對(duì)性地提出完善人民陪審員獨(dú)立性的保障機(jī)制,促進(jìn)人民陪審員獨(dú)立性最大價(jià)值地發(fā)揮。
[Abstract]:The jury system after transplanted to China, its development process can be ups and downs. Until today, the people's jury system has become an important part of the judicial system in China, is the main way for the people to participate in the administration of justice. However, since the practice of the people's jury system is not optimistic, "accompany without the common instance without judgment" phenomenon, resulting in the value of the jury system can not be fully realized, and even the people's jury trial that was the appearance of decoration. In China's legislation and judicial practice, the people's jury's lack of independence is the result of people's jury system become main reason why "chicken ribs". Study on improving the people's jury system, after all is to ensure that the people's jury trial play a substantial role in a trial, that the jury should be independent and complete, to really participate in trial activities in people. Jury independence requirements of people's assessors are independent of the subject status of judges, court and other institutions, their participation in the court trial, the exercise of the powers of the jury shall not be subject to any interference factors, must rely solely on their own accumulation of knowledge and life experience to make the corresponding review and judge the people's jury. Independence is reflected in every aspect, from the selection of links to and appraisal are required to reflect the trial independence, in order to reflect the people's jury independence. However, in judicial practice, the people's jury independence problem has been the main causes of hindering the effectiveness of the jury system, the independence of the people's jury can not be optimistic about the situation, serious impact on the nature of the people's jury system. Therefore, it must be independent judges and people's assessors independently compared people's assessors which the independent The meaning and specific content, and closely around the independence and regulations of rich discussion, summarizes the problems and reasons of the lack of independence of people's assessors, put forward suggestions and Countermeasures to improve the independence of the people's assessors. Starting from strengthening the people's jury of their independence, so that it can fully complete. The exercise of the powers of independent views, promote judicial activities smoothly, to achieve a qualitative leap. The jury system with the "people's jury system reform pilot program (hereinafter referred to as the" pilot program > > and <) the people's jury system reform pilot work (hereinafter referred to as the "measures for the implementation of measures for the implementation of the report) the implementation, such as selection of people's assessors assessor system and authority allocation and other reform measures is bound to solve the people's jury independence problem to a certain extent, but to perfect the people's jury Member of independent security mechanism, must continue to adhere to the trial as the center of the reform objectives, and focus on improving the people's jury self cognition, jury trial cases, collegial appraisal rules and differences of settlement mechanism, jurors marking the right of management, neutral jury, the jury duty guarantee system other aspects of the problem above, the center is the focus of the publicity. To solve the jury theory, that make the people's jury jury will exercise its powers independently the concept in the mind; the reasonable definition of the scope of the cases, clearly applicable to the people's jury hearing the case scope and scope, the people's jury trial case scope more reasonable, contribute to the exercise of the powers of attention, the formation of the independent jury opinion; the people's jury clearly should enjoy the right to a jury trial to provide relevant, independent exercise of powers of the jury Convenient conditions, promote the establishment of a scientific and rational deserved jury; the jury review rules and power mechanism, the formation and expression of promoting people's assessors independent opinions; establish a neutral mechanism for the proper management of jurors, promote the people's jury trial status of jury independence; improve the performance guarantee, especially the coordination relationship between as the people's jury and the unit of work is particularly important. Through pertinently put forward the perfect guarantee mechanism of the people's jury independence, promote people's jury independence to play the maximum value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D926.2

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