本文選題：刑事沒收程序　切入點(diǎn)：人權(quán)保障　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《刑事訴訟法》第五編特別程序中的“沒收潛逃、死亡犯罪嫌疑人、被告人違法所得程序”是一種不同于對(duì)人進(jìn)行審判的程序,是針對(duì)涉案財(cái)產(chǎn)的審判程序,是將貪污腐敗類和恐怖活動(dòng)類等重大刑事案件的犯罪嫌疑人的涉案財(cái)產(chǎn)進(jìn)行沒收的程序。設(shè)立的目的是為了追繳貪官與恐怖分子等犯罪分子所隱瞞或轉(zhuǎn)移的違法所得,避免犯罪嫌疑人自殺、出逃導(dǎo)致國(guó)家財(cái)產(chǎn)流失。刑事特別沒收程序填補(bǔ)了法律空白,彌補(bǔ)了我國(guó)刑事缺席審判制度的缺失,更是我國(guó)反腐以及打擊恐怖勢(shì)力不可或缺的法律工具。但其規(guī)定原則性較強(qiáng),具體操作性較弱,因而需要從理論和實(shí)踐層面對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究。本文旨在通過(guò)闡述刑事特別沒收程序中的訴訟權(quán)利和義務(wù)來(lái)明晰其基礎(chǔ)理論,明確該程序存在的必要性,通過(guò)了解國(guó)外的運(yùn)行模式,進(jìn)行比較借鑒,深入分析我國(guó)刑事特別沒收程序在立法和司法上存在的問題,并針對(duì)這些問題提出意見和建議。 本文共分五大部分： 第一部分：刑事特別沒收程序的概念與特點(diǎn)。首先對(duì)刑事沒收的中外發(fā)展沿革進(jìn)行介紹,進(jìn)而界定刑事沒收程序的含義。在對(duì)含義進(jìn)行界定的同時(shí),進(jìn)一步得出刑事特別沒收程序的特點(diǎn),即：沒收范圍的特殊性；沒收對(duì)象的特殊性；啟動(dòng)主體的特殊性；訴訟規(guī)則的特殊性；救濟(jì)方式的特殊性。 第二部分：刑事特別沒收程序的價(jià)值和現(xiàn)實(shí)必要性。它是我國(guó)審判制度中的一種新程序,也是保護(hù)被害人利益和國(guó)家財(cái)產(chǎn)的最佳體現(xiàn),程序中補(bǔ)充缺席審判制度的內(nèi)容更體現(xiàn)了科學(xué)立法的要求,這些都為刑事特別沒收程序的確立奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分：刑事特別沒收程序的域外考察。該部分分別對(duì)英國(guó)和美國(guó)的刑事特別沒收程序進(jìn)行了考察,分析了它們的制度基礎(chǔ)以及當(dāng)前英美特別沒收程序的具體規(guī)定。 第四部分：我國(guó)刑事特別沒收程序的現(xiàn)狀與缺陷。通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)刑事特別沒收程序的具體內(nèi)容的展開,對(duì)我國(guó)刑事特別沒收程序的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,指出我國(guó)刑事特別沒收程序的缺陷和存在的問題。 第五部分：我國(guó)刑事特別沒收程序的完善。這部分首先介紹了特別沒收程序的原則,該部分也探討了我國(guó)如何依據(jù)特別沒收程序的原則完善立法和程序推進(jìn),如審判前后程序的推進(jìn),如何合理利用司法資源等。
[Abstract]:The procedure of confiscation and absconding, the procedure of criminal suspects and the illegal gains of the accused in the 5th special procedure of the Criminal procedure Law is a procedure different from that of the trial of a person, and it is a trial procedure aimed at the property involved in the case. It is a procedure for confiscating the property of suspects involved in major criminal cases such as corruption and terrorist activities. The purpose of its establishment is to recover the illegal proceeds concealed or transferred by corrupt officials and terrorists and other criminal elements. To avoid suicide of criminal suspects and to flee to lead to the loss of state property. The special criminal confiscation procedure has filled the legal gap and made up for the absence of the criminal trial system in absentia in our country. It is also an indispensable legal tool for our country to fight corruption and the fight against terrorist forces. However, its provisions are strong in principle and its specific operation is relatively weak. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the basic theory of the procedure by expounding the procedural rights and obligations in the criminal special confiscation procedure, to clarify the necessity of the existence of the procedure, and to understand the mode of operation of foreign countries. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the problems existing in the legislation and judicature of the criminal special confiscation procedure in China, and puts forward some suggestions and suggestions for these problems. This paper is divided into five parts:. The first part: the concept and characteristics of criminal special confiscation procedure. Firstly, the development and evolution of criminal confiscation are introduced, and then the meaning of criminal confiscation procedure is defined. Furthermore, the characteristics of special confiscation procedure are obtained, that is, the particularity of confiscation scope, the particularity of confiscation object, the particularity of starting subject, the particularity of procedural rules and the particularity of relief mode. The second part: the value and realistic necessity of the special criminal confiscation procedure. It is a new procedure in the trial system of our country, and it is also the best embodiment of protecting the interests of the victims and the national property. The content of the system of trial in absentia reflects the requirement of scientific legislation, which lays the foundation for the establishment of special confiscation procedure. The third part: the extraterritorial investigation of criminal special confiscation procedure, which examines the criminal special confiscation procedure in Britain and America, analyzes their institutional basis and the specific provisions of the current special confiscation procedure in the United States and the United States. Part 4th: the present situation and defects of criminal special confiscation procedure in China. Through the development of specific contents of criminal special confiscation procedure in our country, this paper analyzes the present situation of criminal special confiscation procedure in our country. The defects and problems of special confiscation procedure in China are pointed out. Part 5th: the perfection of special confiscation procedure in our country. This part first introduces the principle of special confiscation procedure. This part also discusses how to perfect the legislation and procedure advancement according to the principle of special confiscation procedure in our country. Such as the advance of the procedure before and after the trial, how to use the judicial resources reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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