本文關(guān)鍵詞： 不可替代行為 間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 執(zhí)行措施 執(zhí)行方法 間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行原則　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：不可替代行為是指與行為義務(wù)人特定的身份、技能、學(xué)識(shí)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)或者某種資格、地位密切相關(guān)的，只能由債務(wù)人自己完成的，不得由第三人代為履行的行為義務(wù)。不可替代行為與可替代行為的最大區(qū)別就在于不可替代行為具有極強(qiáng)的人身依附性，與債務(wù)人的人身屬性聯(lián)系緊密。不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行是指執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)依據(jù)執(zhí)行依據(jù)，在債務(wù)人拒不履行其應(yīng)為第三人不能代為的行為時(shí)，采用間接執(zhí)行的方法，強(qiáng)制債務(wù)人履行其行為義務(wù)，滿足債權(quán)人的債權(quán)的執(zhí)行方法。不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行具有以下幾個(gè)方面的特征：（1）執(zhí)行方法上以間接執(zhí)行為主；（2）執(zhí)行措施具有很強(qiáng)的心理強(qiáng)制性；（3）執(zhí)行措施具有很強(qiáng)的人身強(qiáng)制性。 當(dāng)前，判決一定的行為作為救濟(jì)手段的案件越來(lái)越多，對(duì)行為判決的執(zhí)行常常會(huì)引起人們的困惑，特別是不可替代行為的執(zhí)行，還存在很大的爭(zhēng)議。我國(guó)現(xiàn)有的法律規(guī)定和司法解釋對(duì)這方面的規(guī)定也還很不完善，略顯單薄，還有諸多的疏漏和不足，很難切實(shí)保障權(quán)利人的合法權(quán)益。我國(guó)關(guān)于不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的執(zhí)行措施主要包括罰款、拘留、遲延履行金、限制出境、在征信系統(tǒng)記錄、通過(guò)媒體公布不履行義務(wù)信息、對(duì)被執(zhí)行人處以刑罰處罰等。雖然種類較多，但是卻不成體系，難以具備針對(duì)性和可操作性。我國(guó)關(guān)于不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的法律規(guī)定和執(zhí)行程序還面臨諸多的問(wèn)題，主要包括執(zhí)行措施缺乏可操作性、警示性與威懾性，執(zhí)行程序缺乏系統(tǒng)性和相應(yīng)的程序保障，沒(méi)有明確的選擇執(zhí)行措施的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，立法規(guī)范也缺乏體系性。 大陸法系國(guó)家和地區(qū)如德國(guó)、法國(guó)、日本及我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)針對(duì)不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行都有相關(guān)的規(guī)定，從執(zhí)行的開始到執(zhí)行的終結(jié)，乃至執(zhí)行終結(jié)之后維護(hù)權(quán)利的穩(wěn)定都做出了明確而具有實(shí)效性的規(guī)定，并嚴(yán)格規(guī)定了不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行程序中的程序保障制度和救濟(jì)制度。英美法系國(guó)家如美國(guó)、英國(guó)對(duì)該方面也有相關(guān)的詳細(xì)規(guī)定并且重視藐視法庭程序和執(zhí)行令狀制度。以上的一些規(guī)定和相關(guān)程序可以給我國(guó)不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的完善提供良好的借鑒。 不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行制度的建立是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)性的工程，，單純的從執(zhí)行措施的改進(jìn)和完善等方面出發(fā)，雖然能夠改進(jìn)此類案件執(zhí)行之現(xiàn)狀，但是不能夠從根本上解決不可替代行為類案件執(zhí)行中所存在的問(wèn)題。不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的各個(gè)制度相輔相成，每一種制度的作用都離不開其他制度的支持與保障。人權(quán)保障是總體性要求，制度設(shè)計(jì)是具體的實(shí)施程序，執(zhí)行人員觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變是有力支撐，執(zhí)行措施的完善為不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行提供了手段和措施，程序保障制度和救濟(jì)程序更是為不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行提供了權(quán)力保障和救濟(jì)保障。各個(gè)制度缺一不可，相輔相成，協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一，形成一個(gè)系統(tǒng)性的工程；只有各個(gè)制度相互促進(jìn)，共同發(fā)展，不可替代行為間接強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行制度才能夠發(fā)揮最大的作用。
[Abstract]:Irreplaceable behavior refers to the specific obligations of the identity and behavior, skills, knowledge, experience or qualifications, status is closely related, can only be done by the debtor himself, not by the third person to fulfill the obligations of behavior can not be replaced. The difference between the behavior and the alternative behavior is irreplaceable behavior with a strong personal attachment, close contact with the personal property of the debtor. Irreplaceable behavior of indirect enforcement refers to the executive authority according to execution basis, the debtor refuses to perform its should be third people can not to act, by using the method of indirect compulsory execution, the debtor to fulfill its duties, meet the execution method of creditor's rights. The irreplaceable behavior of indirect enforcement has the following characteristics: (1) the execution in the method of indirect enforcement; (2) the implementation of measures has very strong psychological compulsion Sex; (3) the implementation measures have a strong personal compulsion.
At present, the decision behavior as the case relief means more and more, the behavior of the execution of the judgment often causes confusion, especially irreplaceable behavior, is still controversial. Our existing legal provisions and judicial interpretation of the provisions is still not perfect, a bit thin and there are many omissions and deficiencies, it is difficult to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of people. Our country about the irreplaceable behavior of indirect enforcement enforcement measures including fines, detention, delay the performance of gold, restricting the exit, the credit system records, published by the media does not fulfill the obligation of information, Pizhixingren impose punishment punishment. Though there are many kinds, but not into the system, it is difficult to have pertinence and maneuverability. Of our country law enforcement behavior instead of indirect and execution of the program is facing many questions The main problems include lack of operability, alertness and deterrence, lack of systematic procedures and corresponding procedural safeguards. There is no clear criteria for selection of enforcement measures, and legislative norms are also lacking in system.
Civil law countries and regions such as Germany, France, Japan and China's Taiwan region for the irreplaceable behavior of indirect enforcement has the relevant provisions from the beginning to the end of the execution execution, execution and maintenance after the end of the rights of stability have made provisions clear and effective, and strict regulations do not alternative behavior of indirect enforcement procedures in the insurance system and relief system. Common law countries such as the United States, the UK also has detailed provisions related and the importance of contempt of court procedure and execution system. Some of the provisions of the above and related procedures can provide a good reference for our country can not improve the substitution behavior indirectly executive.
Irreplaceable behavior of indirect enforcement system is a systematic project, from a simple implementation of measures to improve and perfect aspects, although such cases can improve the implementation of the status quo, but can not fundamentally solve the irreplaceable existing problems in execution of behavior in such cases can not be complementary each. The system of alternative indirect enforcement, support and guarantee each system function all cannot do without the other system. The protection of human rights is the overall requirements, system design is the specific implementation procedures, change the executive concept is a strong support, improve the implementation of measures for irreplaceable behavior provide a means of indirect enforcement procedures and measures, security system and the relief procedure is irreplaceable behavior to enforce indirectly provides power protection and relief protection. The system are indispensable and complementary We should form a systematic project through coordination and unification. Only when every system promotes each other and develops together, the indirect enforcement system of irreplaceable behavior can play the biggest role.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925

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