國(guó)際海運(yùn)遲延交付規(guī)則研究
[Abstract]:Delay in delivery in the carriage of goods by sea has always been an important issue in the theoretical and judicial circles. In order to safeguard their own interests, it is difficult for countries to unify the provisions of delay in delivery. Even the draft uniform Law on the International Carriage of goods by Sea, prepared by CMI, provides different criteria for delay in delivery for countries to choose from. In this paper, the definition, standard, legal liability and legal remedy of delay delivery are comprehensively and thoroughly analyzed, and the development trend of trial and legislation of delay delivery in our country is expounded in order to provide a correct way to solve such disputes. The full text is divided into five chapters. The first chapter deals with the definition of delay in delivery. The Hague rules and the Hague-Visby rules do not provide for delay in delivery, and the Hamburg rules are the first international conventions providing for delay in delivery and its liability. In practice, major maritime powers agree that delay in delivery should include what is called a reasonable time. China's Maritime Law absorbs some provisions of the Hamburg rules and defines delay in delivery as "delay in delivery if the goods are not delivered at the agreed port of discharge within a specified time." This definition excludes late delivery without delivery within a reasonable time, thus leading to a series of contradictions. To solve these problems fundamentally, the definition of delay delivery must be revised. The second chapter deals with the determination of the criteria for delayed delivery. In addition to the agreed time, failure to deliver at a reasonable time shall also be deemed to be late delivery. Reasonable time is a matter of fact, but can be broadly judged from three aspects: the expression of the parties' intention to deliver the goods, the carrier's commitment to its duties, and other foreseeable circumstances. The third chapter discusses the carrier's responsibility for late delivery. Even if the carrier is liable for delay in delivery, the carrier can also enjoy limitation of liability, including limitation of maritime liability and limitation of unit liability. This paper discusses in detail the scope of the carrier's compensation, the limitation of the carrier's unit liability and the exemption from liability in international conventions, relevant domestic laws, and China's Maritime Law. At the same time, it is pointed out that the present situation of "waiting for the carrier and strictly regulating the consignee" in China's Maritime Law is not conducive to balancing the interests of both the ship and the cargo, and should be based on the concept of fairness and justice to raise the limit of the carrier's loss compensation. Accentuate the adverse consequences of delay in delivery. The fourth chapter studies the legal remedy of consignee. After the delay in delivery, the consignee must take measures to protect his own interests, which is a right for the consignee and a sanction for the carrier. This paper brings the legal relief of the consignee into the scope of study, and holds that the consignee may, depending on the specific circumstances, grant the carrier a grace period, claim for compensation, terminate the contract, and hold that the goods are lost. The fifth chapter discusses the trend of late delivery of trial and legislation in China. Judicial circles tend to regard delivery not being delivered at an agreed time as delay, while the theorists who guide legislation generally believe that failure to deliver at a reasonable time should also be regarded as late delivery and that the carrier's limit of compensation should be increased. Let it fully compensate the consignee's economic losses.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2008
【分類號(hào)】:D996.19
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