發(fā)布時間：2018-12-08 13:15

【摘要】： 承包商停工是建設工程施工階段常見的現(xiàn)象,但是現(xiàn)有的民商法和建設行政管理法律法規(guī)對此并未作出明確的規(guī)定,因此導致了在施工管理過程中的兩類現(xiàn)象,一是承包商動輒以停工為由,主張合同或合同之外的權益,二是由于承包商處于承包合同簽訂過程中的弱勢主體地位,無法通過合同約定的手段和現(xiàn)有法律規(guī)定來主張權益,而不敢通過停工來實現(xiàn)自身的正當權益,導致將合同履行中的糾紛一直持續(xù)積攢到仲裁或訴訟階段,從而失去處理糾紛的最佳時機,并付出高昂的代價,甚至無法實現(xiàn)合同目的。筆者在處理類似合同糾紛和法律糾紛的工作實踐中,深感厘清其中法律原理和法律關系的重要性,并選擇其作為本文的主要研究內容。 本文除前言和結論外,共分為四部分,第一部分介紹建設工程停工及停工權的概念,梳理了建設工程停工的各種類型與種類,為下文承包商停工權的論述進行鋪墊。第二部分分析了建設工程停工及停工權的性質與意義。筆者認為建設工程承包商停工權具有民事抗辯權屬性,在某些情形下具有權利義務雙重性的特點。賦予建設工程承包商停工權有利于促進工程款支付,緩解工程款拖欠問題,推動項目施工的順利進行;有利于保障社會公共利益,促進建設工程的質量與安全管理,減少建設工程活動中的違法行為。第三部分則分析了承包商停工權的法律依據(jù)與法律障礙。筆者從合同法及建筑行政法律法規(guī)兩個視角揭示了承包商停工權的法律依據(jù),并分別分析了其中存在的法律漏洞與不足。承包商行使停工權的法律障礙主要包括有《合同法》未直接承認承包商享有停工權,中止履行制度不完善,工程優(yōu)先權制度應當與停工權制度相結合,有關建設工程的司法解釋對停工權未予以足夠重視、建設行政法律法規(guī)未賦予承包商停工權以對抗建設單位的行政違法行為、承包商不僅無明確停工權且尚需承擔相應行政法律責任等幾個方面。第四部分對建設工程承包商停工權制度進行了構建。首先,介紹了國外有關承包商停工權的法律法規(guī)規(guī)定及示范合同規(guī)定。其次,對承包商停工權進行了具體的界定。確立了承包商停工權制度的兩大原則——誠實信用原則與減損原則,從依約停工與依法停工兩個層面上剖析了承包商停工權的具體內容,并對承包商停工權的行使程序與結果進行了細致的分析。最后,對完善我國建設工程承包商停工權作出了立法建議。從合同法及配套規(guī)定、建設行政法律法規(guī)、程序法及單行立法等方面作出了立法模式規(guī)劃,并提出了雙罰制的設想。
[Abstract]:Contractor shutdown is a common phenomenon in the construction stage of construction projects, but the existing civil and commercial law and construction administrative laws and regulations have not made a clear provision for this, thus leading to two kinds of phenomena in the process of construction management. One is that the contractor often claims the rights and interests outside the contract on the ground of stoppage, and the other is that because the contractor is in a weak position in the process of signing the contract, he cannot claim his rights and interests through the means agreed in the contract and the existing legal provisions. But they dare not realize their legitimate rights and interests by stopping work, leading to the continuous accumulation of disputes in the performance of the contract until the arbitration or litigation stage, thus losing the best time to deal with the dispute and paying a high price. It is not even possible to achieve the purpose of the contract. In the working practice of dealing with similar contract disputes and legal disputes, the author deeply clarifies the importance of legal principles and legal relations, and selects it as the main research content of this paper. In addition to the preface and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the concept of construction project stoppage and the right to stop construction, combing the various types and types of construction project stoppage, paving the way for the discussion of contractor's right to stop work below. The second part analyzes the nature and significance of construction stoppage and shutdown right. The author thinks that the construction contractor's right to stop work has the attribute of civil defense right, and has the characteristics of dual rights and obligations under some circumstances. Giving the construction contractor the right to stop work is helpful to promote the payment of the project money, alleviate the problem of the arrears of the project payment, and promote the smooth progress of the project construction. It is beneficial to protect the public interests, promote the quality and safety management of construction projects, and reduce the illegal activities in construction projects. The third part analyzes the legal basis and legal obstacles of the contractor's right to stop work. The author reveals the legal basis of the contractor's right to stop work from the two angles of contract law and administrative law of construction, and analyzes the legal loopholes and deficiencies respectively. The legal obstacles to the contractor's exercise of the right to stop work mainly include the fact that the contract Law does not directly recognize the contractor's right to stop work, the system of suspension of performance is not perfect, and the system of project priority should be combined with the system of the right of stoppage. The judicial interpretation of the construction project has not paid enough attention to the right to stop work, and the construction administrative laws and regulations have not given the contractor the right to stop work in order to counter the administrative illegal acts of the construction unit. The contractor not only has no clear right to stop work, but also has to bear the corresponding administrative legal responsibility. The fourth part has carried on the construction to the construction contractor suspension right system. First of all, it introduces the laws and regulations of the contractor's right to stop work and the model contract. Secondly, the contractor's right to stop work is defined. This paper establishes two major principles of the contractor's right to stop working-the principle of good faith and the principle of derogation, and analyzes the concrete contents of the contractor's right to stop work from the two levels of contract termination and lawful suspension. The procedure and result of the contractor's right to stop work are analyzed in detail. At last, the legislative suggestion is made to perfect the construction contractor's right to stop work in our country. From the contract law and its supporting regulations, the construction of administrative laws and regulations, procedural laws and separate legislation and other aspects of the legislative model planning, and put forward the idea of double penalty system.
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：D922.297

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前2條

1 楊麗梅;完善建設工程付款保障制度的思考[D];中國政法大學;2011年

2 覃卓君;建設工程承包人停工權研究[D];廣西大學;2011年

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本文編號：2368410