發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-24 09:38

【摘要】： 《1989年國(guó)際救助公約》確定了特別補(bǔ)償制度,然而條款本身具有一定的不確定性,影響了特別補(bǔ)償款項(xiàng)的核算和取得。SCOPIC——船東互保協(xié)會(huì)特別補(bǔ)償條款,重新界定了SCOPIC酬金與救助報(bào)酬之間的關(guān)系。 條款在吸收《1989年國(guó)際救助公約》精神的同時(shí),堅(jiān)持“無(wú)效果,無(wú)報(bào)酬”的救助理論,并規(guī)定了一些特殊制度。在內(nèi)容上,除主要條款外,還包括A、B、C三個(gè)附件,以及《國(guó)際救助聯(lián)盟與國(guó)際保陪協(xié)會(huì)集團(tuán)之間行為準(zhǔn)則》和《國(guó)際保賠協(xié)會(huì)集團(tuán)與倫敦市場(chǎng)財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)人之間關(guān)于支付SCOPIC下事故特別代表費(fèi)用的行為準(zhǔn)則》、ISU 5擔(dān)保格式、勞合社對(duì)SCR的專(zhuān)門(mén)指導(dǎo)手冊(cè)。在SCOPIC條款的體制下,救助人、船東及互保協(xié)會(huì)、貨物所有人、各方保險(xiǎn)人能夠及時(shí)了解、參與救助作業(yè),酬金計(jì)算變得省時(shí)易行,同時(shí)解決了公約第十四條適用中的大部分問(wèn)題。條款構(gòu)建的全新機(jī)制更具實(shí)用價(jià)值和可操作性,選擇適用SCOPIC條款進(jìn)行救助作業(yè),可能給各方帶來(lái)不同于公約的權(quán)利及義務(wù)。 SCOPIC條款自1999年出現(xiàn)之后,無(wú)論是主要條款還是附件內(nèi)容都幾經(jīng)修改,先后存在1999、2000、2005、2006幾個(gè)版本,目前使用的版本為SCOPIC2007。條款完善的過(guò)程也是解決救助作業(yè)實(shí)際問(wèn)題的過(guò)程,如今救助領(lǐng)域又存在著進(jìn)一步修改相關(guān)領(lǐng)域制度的探討。 我國(guó)目前已有使用SCOPIC條款進(jìn)行救助作業(yè)的實(shí)際案例,但因我國(guó)不存在適用條款的相關(guān)制度,這為條款的有效適用造成了障礙。但是,由于我國(guó)《海商法》中對(duì)“海難救助”一章吸收了《1989年國(guó)際救助公約》的規(guī)定,因而公約第十四條帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題,在我國(guó)的法律下同樣存在。SCOPIC條款對(duì)海難救助領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展,值得我國(guó)思考和借鑒。
[Abstract]:The 1989 International Convention on Salvage establishes a special compensation system, but the terms themselves have certain uncertainties, which affect the accounting and obtaining of special compensation payments. The relationship between SCOPIC gratuity and salvage reward is redefined. While absorbing the spirit of the 1989 International Salvage Convention, the articles adhere to the aid theory of "no effect and no reward" and stipulate some special systems. In terms of content, in addition to the main provisions, it also includes three annexes, And the Code of Conduct between the International Union for Rescue and the International Association of Parental Associations and the Code of Conduct between the International Association for Protection and compensation Association and the London Market property Insurers on the payment of costs of Special Representatives for Accidents under SCOPIC, ISU 5 guarantee format, Lloyd's special instruction manual for SCR. Under the SCOPIC clause system, the salvors, shipowners and mutual insurance associations, cargo owners, insurers of all parties can understand timely, participate in salvage operations, and the calculation of gratuities becomes more and more convenient. At the same time, most of the problems in the application of Article 14 of the Convention have been solved. The new mechanism constructed by clause has more practical value and maneuverability. Choosing to apply SCOPIC clause to rescue operation may bring rights and obligations different from the convention. Since the emergence of the SCOPIC clause in 1999, both the main clauses and the contents of the attachment have been amended several times. There are several versions of the SCOPIC clause in 1999 / 20052006, and the current version is SCOPIC2007.. The process of clause perfection is also the process of solving the practical problem of salvage operation. At present, China has already used the SCOPIC clause to carry on the salvage operation actual case, but because our country does not have the relevant system which applies the clause, this has caused the barrier for the effective application of the clause. However, as the chapter on "salvage at sea" in the Maritime Law of China absorbs the provisions of the 1989 International Convention on Salvage, the problems arising from Article 14 of the Convention arise. The development of SCOPIC clause in the field of salvage at sea is worth our thinking and reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D996.19;D922.294

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李佳;廢除共同海損制度以后的法律構(gòu)建[D];大連海事大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號(hào)：2353175