【摘要】： 保賠保險是一種特殊的海上保險，伴隨著海上風險的增加和海上責任制度的發(fā)展，它在海上保險中的地位日益突出。但是，各國立法對保賠保險的規(guī)定很不完善，理論上對保賠保險制度的專門研究也不甚多見。本文選取保賠保險合同這一制度核心加以研究，希望通過比較研究各國的立法和實踐，結合海上保險法的基礎理論，深化這一領域的研究，使我國的相關立法更趨完善。 本文共有五章，，總計五萬字左右。文章主要分為三部分：導言、正文和結語。導言簡述了本文的寫作意圖和意義。 第一章的內容比較宏觀，概括介紹了保賠保險的性質、沿革以及船東保賠協(xié)會的定義，并對保賠保險合同的產生與發(fā)展及其性質進行了深入地分析。保賠保險合同不同于其它海上保險合同，在承保范圍、經營目的、保障關系以及責任限制方面都有其顯著的特點。 第二章切入本文的主題，主要是對海上保險法的基本原則在保賠保險合同中的適用進行了具體討論。保賠保險畢竟是一類特殊的保險，具有特殊的法律性質。這種特殊的法律性質決定了海上保險法的基本原則在適用于保賠保險合同時呈現出不同的要求和表現形式，甚至有時候會出現一定的偏離。 第三章針對保賠協(xié)會承擔法律責任的問題進行了深入地研究。首先，論述了保賠協(xié)會的承保概況，即分析了保賠協(xié)會承保與傳統(tǒng)保險市場的區(qū)別和現代保賠協(xié)會的個性承保制度及承保條件。其次，從四個方面分析了保賠協(xié)會承擔的責任范圍，并列舉了承保的例外與限制。再次，本文研究了第三人對保賠協(xié)會的直接訴訟，第三方對保險人的直接請求權是其提起直接訴訟的基礎，對這種請求權的性質和來源，理論上存在不同的觀點，各國的立法規(guī)定也不盡相同。我國對第三人起訴海上保險人問題的明確規(guī)定僅見于海事訴訟特別程序法，具有局限性。 第四章指明了船東保賠協(xié)會的發(fā)展走勢與中船保之體制創(chuàng)新。保賠險將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮其應有的不可替代的作用，作者還提出了兩點建議：一是界定互益型經濟團體地位，賦予其獨立的法人地位；二是修改《海商法》、完善《保險法》，承認保賠險種類，通過創(chuàng)新和立法完善，確保中船保更具國際競爭力。
[Abstract]:With the increase of marine risk and the development of marine liability system, the position of insurance is becoming more and more prominent. However, the regulations of the national legislation on the insurance are not perfect, and the special research on the insurance system is not very common in theory. This paper chooses the core of this system to study, hoping to deepen the research in this field by comparing the legislation and practice of various countries, combining with the basic theory of marine insurance law, so as to make the relevant legislation of our country more perfect. There are five chapters in this paper, totaling about 50, 000 words. The article is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction briefly describes the purpose and significance of this paper. The content of the first chapter is macroscopical, it introduces the nature, evolution and the definition of the ship owner's insurance association, and analyzes the origin and development of the insurance contract and its nature. The insurance contract is different from other marine insurance contracts, and has its remarkable characteristics in the aspects of insurance coverage, business purpose, security relationship and liability limitation. The second chapter discusses the application of the basic principles of marine insurance law in the insurance contract. After all, insurance is a special type of insurance, with a special legal nature. This special legal nature determines that the basic principles of marine insurance law take on different requirements and forms of expression when applied to insurance contracts, and sometimes deviate from each other. The third chapter makes a deep study on the legal liability of the Protective and Indemnity Association. First of all, the general situation of the insurance coverage of the insurance association is discussed, that is, the difference between the insurance coverage of the insurance association and that of the traditional insurance market, and the individualized underwriting system and the underwriting conditions of the modern insurance association are analyzed. Secondly, this paper analyzes the scope of liability of P & I Association from four aspects, and enumerates the exceptions and limitations of underwriting. Thirdly, this paper studies the direct action of the third party against the indemnity protection association. The direct claim of the third party against the insurer is the basis of its direct action, and there are different views on the nature and source of this claim in theory. The legislative provisions of different countries are also different. The explicit stipulation of the third party suing the marine insurer in our country is only found in the special procedure law of maritime litigation and has its limitations. The fourth chapter points out the development trend of the Shipowners' Protective and Indemnity Association and the innovation of the Chinese Shipyard Insurance system. Insurance will continue to play its irreplaceable role, the author also put forward two suggestions: first, define the status of economic groups of mutual benefit, endow them with independent legal person status; Second, we should amend the Maritime Law, perfect the Insurance Law, recognize the types of insurance and indemnity insurance, and ensure that China Shipping Insurance has more international competitiveness through innovation and legislative perfection.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：D922.284

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