【摘要】： 保賠保險(xiǎn)是一種特殊的海上保險(xiǎn)，伴隨著海上風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的增加和海上責(zé)任制度的發(fā)展，它在海上保險(xiǎn)中的地位日益突出。但是，各國(guó)立法對(duì)保賠保險(xiǎn)的規(guī)定很不完善，理論上對(duì)保賠保險(xiǎn)制度的專門(mén)研究也不甚多見(jiàn)。本文選取保賠保險(xiǎn)合同這一制度核心加以研究，希望通過(guò)比較研究各國(guó)的立法和實(shí)踐，結(jié)合海上保險(xiǎn)法的基礎(chǔ)理論，深化這一領(lǐng)域的研究，使我國(guó)的相關(guān)立法更趨完善。 本文共有五章，總計(jì)五萬(wàn)字左右。文章主要分為三部分：導(dǎo)言、正文和結(jié)語(yǔ)。導(dǎo)言簡(jiǎn)述了本文的寫(xiě)作意圖和意義。 第一章的內(nèi)容比較宏觀，，概括介紹了保賠保險(xiǎn)的性質(zhì)、沿革以及船東保賠協(xié)會(huì)的定義，并對(duì)保賠保險(xiǎn)合同的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展及其性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了深入地分析。保賠保險(xiǎn)合同不同于其它海上保險(xiǎn)合同，在承保范圍、經(jīng)營(yíng)目的、保障關(guān)系以及責(zé)任限制方面都有其顯著的特點(diǎn)。 第二章切入本文的主題，主要是對(duì)海上保險(xiǎn)法的基本原則在保賠保險(xiǎn)合同中的適用進(jìn)行了具體討論。保賠保險(xiǎn)畢竟是一類特殊的保險(xiǎn)，具有特殊的法律性質(zhì)。這種特殊的法律性質(zhì)決定了海上保險(xiǎn)法的基本原則在適用于保賠保險(xiǎn)合同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)出不同的要求和表現(xiàn)形式，甚至有時(shí)候會(huì)出現(xiàn)一定的偏離。 第三章針對(duì)保賠協(xié)會(huì)承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了深入地研究。首先，論述了保賠協(xié)會(huì)的承保概況，即分析了保賠協(xié)會(huì)承保與傳統(tǒng)保險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)的區(qū)別和現(xiàn)代保賠協(xié)會(huì)的個(gè)性承保制度及承保條件。其次，從四個(gè)方面分析了保賠協(xié)會(huì)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任范圍，并列舉了承保的例外與限制。再次，本文研究了第三人對(duì)保賠協(xié)會(huì)的直接訴訟，第三方對(duì)保險(xiǎn)人的直接請(qǐng)求權(quán)是其提起直接訴訟的基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)這種請(qǐng)求權(quán)的性質(zhì)和來(lái)源，理論上存在不同的觀點(diǎn)，各國(guó)的立法規(guī)定也不盡相同。我國(guó)對(duì)第三人起訴海上保險(xiǎn)人問(wèn)題的明確規(guī)定僅見(jiàn)于海事訴訟特別程序法，具有局限性。 第四章指明了船東保賠協(xié)會(huì)的發(fā)展走勢(shì)與中船保之體制創(chuàng)新。保賠險(xiǎn)將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮其應(yīng)有的不可替代的作用，作者還提出了兩點(diǎn)建議：一是界定互益型經(jīng)濟(jì)團(tuán)體地位，賦予其獨(dú)立的法人地位；二是修改《海商法》、完善《保險(xiǎn)法》，承認(rèn)保賠險(xiǎn)種類，通過(guò)創(chuàng)新和立法完善，確保中船保更具國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
[Abstract]:With the increase of marine risk and the development of marine liability system, the position of insurance is becoming more and more prominent. However, the regulations of the national legislation on the insurance are not perfect, and the special research on the insurance system is not very common in theory. This paper chooses the core of this system to study, hoping to deepen the research in this field by comparing the legislation and practice of various countries, combining with the basic theory of marine insurance law, so as to make the relevant legislation of our country more perfect. There are five chapters in this paper, totaling about 50, 000 words. The article is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction briefly describes the purpose and significance of this paper. The content of the first chapter is macroscopical, it introduces the nature, evolution and the definition of the ship owner's insurance association, and analyzes the origin and development of the insurance contract and its nature. The insurance contract is different from other marine insurance contracts, and has its remarkable characteristics in the aspects of insurance coverage, business purpose, security relationship and liability limitation. The second chapter discusses the application of the basic principles of marine insurance law in the insurance contract. After all, insurance is a special type of insurance, with a special legal nature. This special legal nature determines that the basic principles of marine insurance law take on different requirements and forms of expression when applied to insurance contracts, and sometimes deviate from each other. The third chapter makes a deep study on the legal liability of the Protective and Indemnity Association. First of all, the general situation of the insurance coverage of the insurance association is discussed, that is, the difference between the insurance coverage of the insurance association and that of the traditional insurance market, and the individualized underwriting system and the underwriting conditions of the modern insurance association are analyzed. Secondly, this paper analyzes the scope of liability of P & I Association from four aspects, and enumerates the exceptions and limitations of underwriting. Thirdly, this paper studies the direct action of the third party against the indemnity protection association. The direct claim of the third party against the insurer is the basis of its direct action, and there are different views on the nature and source of this claim in theory. The legislative provisions of different countries are also different. The explicit stipulation of the third party suing the marine insurer in our country is only found in the special procedure law of maritime litigation and has its limitations. The fourth chapter points out the development trend of the Shipowners' Protective and Indemnity Association and the innovation of the Chinese Shipyard Insurance system. Insurance will continue to play its irreplaceable role, the author also put forward two suggestions: first, define the status of economic groups of mutual benefit, endow them with independent legal person status; Second, we should amend the Maritime Law, perfect the Insurance Law, recognize the types of insurance and indemnity insurance, and ensure that China Shipping Insurance has more international competitiveness through innovation and legislative perfection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：D922.284

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