論提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-19 20:42
【摘要】：本論文將無正本提單交貨制度作為研究對(duì)象。論文的結(jié)構(gòu)從提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系概述、提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系的主體、提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系的內(nèi)容、承運(yùn)人無正本提單放貨的法律分析及對(duì)我國海商法的修改意見角度構(gòu)建。本文共分四章。 第一章提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系概述。在該章中，首先，從提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系的概念入手，分析貨物交付法律關(guān)系的性質(zhì)。然后，對(duì)構(gòu)成提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系的各要素，即該法律關(guān)系的主體、內(nèi)容以及客體作介紹。最后，總結(jié)和提升提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系的法律性質(zhì)。 第二章提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系的主體。由于提單法律關(guān)系的特殊性，在實(shí)踐中對(duì)提單貨物交付法律關(guān)系的主體識(shí)別存在各種爭議。因此，在本章中，作者分別介紹了該法律關(guān)系的權(quán)利主體和義務(wù)主體，即第一節(jié)中的承運(yùn)人及實(shí)際承運(yùn)人、第二節(jié)中的托運(yùn)人及第三節(jié)中的提單持有人，的識(shí)別困難和相關(guān)觀點(diǎn)，同時(shí)結(jié)合案例表明了自己對(duì)各種情況下如何認(rèn)定承運(yùn)人、實(shí)際承運(yùn)人、托運(yùn)人及提單持有人的立場。特別是對(duì)承運(yùn)人的識(shí)別問題，在第一節(jié)中不僅介紹了各國法律的不同規(guī)定和案例，并且細(xì)述了船長簽發(fā)提單及承運(yùn)人簽發(fā)提單的不同情形下如何識(shí)別承運(yùn)人。該章還闡述了識(shí)別實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的條件。同時(shí)論述了承運(yùn)人和實(shí)際承運(yùn)人的關(guān)系和責(zé)任問題。在最后提出了對(duì)海商法相關(guān)條文的修改意見。 第三章提單運(yùn)輸貨物交付法律關(guān)系的內(nèi)容。本章中，首先概述了承運(yùn)人在提單法律關(guān)系下具有的義務(wù)。隨后具體解釋了承運(yùn)人的各項(xiàng)義務(wù)，包括不得遲延交付貨物的義務(wù)的涵義、義務(wù)來源、違反該義務(wù)的責(zé)任及承運(yùn)人的抗辯；以及憑正本提單交付貨物的義務(wù)的涵義、該義務(wù)的來源及法律分析。承運(yùn)人不得遲延交付貨物及憑正本提單交付的義務(wù)來源于法律的規(guī)定。我國《海商法》在規(guī)定承運(yùn)人憑正本提單交付貨物的義務(wù)時(shí)，未將記名提單區(qū)別于其他提單。根據(jù)現(xiàn)行《海商法》的規(guī)定，不論是記名提單，或指示、空白提單，承運(yùn)人均有義務(wù)憑正本提單交付貨物。事實(shí)上，這不符合國際慣例，同時(shí)也使記名提單失去了其應(yīng)當(dāng)具有的實(shí)踐意義。筆者對(duì)此發(fā)表了自己的看法，，并在該章中穿插了對(duì)海商法中承運(yùn)人義務(wù)的立法建議。該章中還闡述了承運(yùn)人相應(yīng)的留置貨物的權(quán)利。 第四章承運(yùn)人無正本提單放貨的法律分析。在前面各章充分闡述了貨物運(yùn)輸 法律關(guān)系中承運(yùn)人的義務(wù)后，本章轉(zhuǎn)入討論海上貨物運(yùn)輸實(shí)踐中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的無單放 貨問題。本章論證了無單放貨發(fā)生的情形、行為的性質(zhì)、無單放貨構(gòu)成的要件、承 運(yùn)人是否應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)此承擔(dān)責(zé)任、應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)何種責(zé)任及如何進(jìn)行賠償?shù)染唧w問題。同時(shí) 對(duì)司法實(shí)踐中遇到的又與中國特有的外匯核銷制度帶來的在無單放貨情況下的損失 認(rèn)定表達(dá)了觀點(diǎn)。從而將無單放貨的法律研究與實(shí)踐操作有機(jī)地聯(lián)系了起來。并在 最后探討了不真正連帶之債的問題。提出無單放貨糾紛中，提單持有人有權(quán)向貿(mào)易 合同的賣方、提貨人及承運(yùn)人一并主張不真正連帶之債，法院可以判令幾個(gè)義務(wù)人 共同對(duì)提單持有人負(fù)連帶清償責(zé)任。 第五章我國海商立法和修改建議(代結(jié)論)。這是論文的總結(jié)部分。該章綜 合了前面各章中論及的我國海商法不完善的地方，提出了具體的對(duì)我國《海商法》 相關(guān)條文修改和完善的建議和設(shè)想。這些建議和設(shè)想已散見于各章各節(jié)之中，是在 對(duì)各章節(jié)理論探討、對(duì)實(shí)踐進(jìn)行分析后得出的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:This paper takes delivery without original bill of lading as the object of study. The structure of the paper is from the legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading, the main body of legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading, the content of legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading, the legal analysis of delivery without original bill of lading by carrier and the amendment opinions to China's maritime law. This paper is divided into four chapters.
In this chapter, first of all, from the concept of the legal relationship of delivery of goods carried by B/L, the nature of the legal relationship of delivery of goods is analyzed. The legal nature of the legal relationship between the delivery and delivery of bills of lading and the lifting of bills of lading.
Chapter 2 The subject of the legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading. Due to the particularity of the legal relationship of bill of lading, there are various disputes in practice about the identification of the subject of the legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading. The shipper, the shipper in Section II and the holder of the bill of lading in Section III have difficulties in identifying the carrier, the actual carrier, the shipper and the holder of the bill of lading, and their positions on how to identify the carrier, the actual carrier, the shipper and the holder of the bill of lading in each case are illustrated in the case. It also discusses the conditions for identifying the actual carrier, the relationship between the carrier and the actual carrier, and the liability of the carrier. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions for amending the relevant provisions of the maritime law.
Chapter 3: The content of the legal relationship of delivery of goods by B/L. In this chapter, firstly, the obligations of the carrier under the legal relationship of B/L are summarized. The obligation of the carrier not to delay the delivery of the goods and to deliver the goods against the original bill of lading originates from the provisions of the law. In fact, this is not in conformity with international practice, and at the same time makes the nominal bill of lading lose its practical significance. The author expresses his own views on this point and inserts the carrier's obligations in the maritime law into this chapter. Legislative proposals. The chapter also expounds the rights of the carrier's corresponding lien.
The fourth chapter is the legal analysis of the carrier's delivery of goods without original bill of lading.
After the obligations of the carrier in the legal relationship, this chapter turns to the discussion of the release without bill of lading which often occurs in the practice of carriage of goods by sea.
In this chapter, it is demonstrated that the occurrence of goods without original bill of lading, the nature of the acts, and the conditions for the delivery of goods without bills of lading.
Whether the carrier should bear the responsibility, what kind of responsibility should he bear and how to compensate.
Losses encountered in judicial practice and caused by China's unique foreign exchange write-off system in the case of delivery without a bill of lading
The affirmation expresses the viewpoint, which organically links the legal research and practical operation of delivery without bill of lading.
Finally, the problem of unreal joint and several debts is discussed. It is pointed out that the holder of bill of lading has the right to trade in disputes over delivery without bill of lading.
If the seller, the consignor and the carrier of a contract jointly claim an untrue joint and several obligations, the court may order several obligors.
Jointly and severally liable for the holder of the bill of lading.
The fifth chapter is about China's maritime legislation and amendments.
Combining the imperfections of China's Maritime Law mentioned in the preceding chapters, this paper puts forward some concrete proposals for China's maritime law.
Proposals and ideas for the revision and perfection of the relevant provisions, which have been scattered in various chapters and sections, are
The conclusion is drawn from theoretical analysis of each chapter and analysis of practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號(hào)】：D996.19;D922.294
本文編號(hào)：2251283
[Abstract]:This paper takes delivery without original bill of lading as the object of study. The structure of the paper is from the legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading, the main body of legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading, the content of legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading, the legal analysis of delivery without original bill of lading by carrier and the amendment opinions to China's maritime law. This paper is divided into four chapters.
In this chapter, first of all, from the concept of the legal relationship of delivery of goods carried by B/L, the nature of the legal relationship of delivery of goods is analyzed. The legal nature of the legal relationship between the delivery and delivery of bills of lading and the lifting of bills of lading.
Chapter 2 The subject of the legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading. Due to the particularity of the legal relationship of bill of lading, there are various disputes in practice about the identification of the subject of the legal relationship of delivery of goods by bill of lading. The shipper, the shipper in Section II and the holder of the bill of lading in Section III have difficulties in identifying the carrier, the actual carrier, the shipper and the holder of the bill of lading, and their positions on how to identify the carrier, the actual carrier, the shipper and the holder of the bill of lading in each case are illustrated in the case. It also discusses the conditions for identifying the actual carrier, the relationship between the carrier and the actual carrier, and the liability of the carrier. Finally, it puts forward some suggestions for amending the relevant provisions of the maritime law.
Chapter 3: The content of the legal relationship of delivery of goods by B/L. In this chapter, firstly, the obligations of the carrier under the legal relationship of B/L are summarized. The obligation of the carrier not to delay the delivery of the goods and to deliver the goods against the original bill of lading originates from the provisions of the law. In fact, this is not in conformity with international practice, and at the same time makes the nominal bill of lading lose its practical significance. The author expresses his own views on this point and inserts the carrier's obligations in the maritime law into this chapter. Legislative proposals. The chapter also expounds the rights of the carrier's corresponding lien.
The fourth chapter is the legal analysis of the carrier's delivery of goods without original bill of lading.
After the obligations of the carrier in the legal relationship, this chapter turns to the discussion of the release without bill of lading which often occurs in the practice of carriage of goods by sea.
In this chapter, it is demonstrated that the occurrence of goods without original bill of lading, the nature of the acts, and the conditions for the delivery of goods without bills of lading.
Whether the carrier should bear the responsibility, what kind of responsibility should he bear and how to compensate.
Losses encountered in judicial practice and caused by China's unique foreign exchange write-off system in the case of delivery without a bill of lading
The affirmation expresses the viewpoint, which organically links the legal research and practical operation of delivery without bill of lading.
Finally, the problem of unreal joint and several debts is discussed. It is pointed out that the holder of bill of lading has the right to trade in disputes over delivery without bill of lading.
If the seller, the consignor and the carrier of a contract jointly claim an untrue joint and several obligations, the court may order several obligors.
Jointly and severally liable for the holder of the bill of lading.
The fifth chapter is about China's maritime legislation and amendments.
Combining the imperfections of China's Maritime Law mentioned in the preceding chapters, this paper puts forward some concrete proposals for China's maritime law.
Proposals and ideas for the revision and perfection of the relevant provisions, which have been scattered in various chapters and sections, are
The conclusion is drawn from theoretical analysis of each chapter and analysis of practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號(hào)】：D996.19;D922.294
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 李靜;《鹿特丹規(guī)則》下海運(yùn)履約方法律地位研究[D];中國海洋大學(xué);2011年
本文編號(hào)：2251283
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