多元不飽和水溶液體系的等壓實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-09-19 16:09
【摘要】:等壓法是測定溶液熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)的精確方法之一,該法可直接用于檢驗(yàn)偏簡單溶液模型對各類不飽和溶液的適用性。偏簡單溶液模型包括了偏理想溶液模型和偏稀溶液模型。王之昌先生從電解質(zhì)水溶液的Zdanovskii線性等壓規(guī)則和三元鐵合金中碳的Turkdogan線性溶解度規(guī)則出發(fā),提出了對于各類多元實(shí)際溶液{A+B+C+...+Z},在組分A化學(xué)勢恒定下與其二元亞系{A+i}(i∈B,C,…,Z)之間的簡單聯(lián)系,形成偏簡單溶液理論。其中與偏理想溶液模型相對應(yīng)的線性濃度規(guī)則適用于B,C,…,Z之間交換能為零的體系;與偏稀溶液模型相對應(yīng)的線性濃度規(guī)則適用于B,C,…,Z之間交換能不為零的體系。也就是說,若純組元A+經(jīng)典的理想溶液{B+C+…+Z}=偏理想溶液{A+B+C+...+Z};若純組元A+經(jīng)典的稀溶液{B+C+…+Z}=偏稀溶液{A+B+C+…+Z}。 研究了298.15K時(shí){H2O(A)+Nd(NO3)3(B)+HNO3(C)+蔗糖(D)}四元不飽和水溶液體系的等壓行為。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,HN03的存在對實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生了很大影響,實(shí)驗(yàn)誤差很大。因此,等壓實(shí)驗(yàn)前將儲備液調(diào)整到其等當(dāng)點(diǎn)對應(yīng)的pH值是必要的。采用滴定的方法測定了Nd(NO3)3儲備液的等當(dāng)點(diǎn),用二級微商法計(jì)算出等當(dāng)點(diǎn)時(shí)溶液的pH=3.18。 以NaCl(aq)溶液為參考物,用等壓法系統(tǒng)地測定了在298.15K時(shí){H2O(A)+Nd(NO3)3(B)+蔗糖(C)}三元不飽和水溶液體系的等壓熱力學(xué)行為。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,這個體系不遵循單組元水活度恒定的混合電解質(zhì)與非電解質(zhì)水溶液的線性等壓規(guī)則。在水溶液中,不飽和溶質(zhì)Nd(NO3)3與蔗糖分子之間存在相互作用力,此三元系符合偏稀溶液模型。
[Abstract]:Isobaric method is one of the accurate methods to determine the thermodynamic properties of solution. It can be directly used to test the applicability of partial simple solution model to various unsaturated solutions. The partial simple solution model includes the partial ideal solution model and the partial dilute solution model. Based on the linear isobaric rule of Zdanovskii in electrolyte solution and the linear solubility rule of Turkdogan in ternary ferroalloy, Wang Zhichang put forward a new method for practical solution {A B C. Under the constant chemical potential of component A, the binary subline {A} (I 鈭,
本文編號:2250638
[Abstract]:Isobaric method is one of the accurate methods to determine the thermodynamic properties of solution. It can be directly used to test the applicability of partial simple solution model to various unsaturated solutions. The partial simple solution model includes the partial ideal solution model and the partial dilute solution model. Based on the linear isobaric rule of Zdanovskii in electrolyte solution and the linear solubility rule of Turkdogan in ternary ferroalloy, Wang Zhichang put forward a new method for practical solution {A B C. Under the constant chemical potential of component A, the binary subline {A} (I 鈭,
本文編號:2250638
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