【摘要】： 市場經(jīng)濟關系主要是依靠私法來調(diào)整，但是其正常發(fā)展則必須由公法來保障。公法并不能替代私法對經(jīng)濟關系進行單獨調(diào)整，它的作用就是要為私法調(diào)整經(jīng)濟關系掃清障礙，將市場經(jīng)濟還原到民商法可以自由、有效發(fā)揮作用的狀態(tài)。作為私法的民商法是調(diào)整社會經(jīng)濟關系的主導力量，但是民商法自身的缺陷使其不能獨立承擔起調(diào)整市場經(jīng)濟關系的重任，而必須求助于其它能夠彌補其不足的公法法律部門。公法和私法在我國市場經(jīng)濟中的作用是本文的中心問題，也是重心所在。公法和私法通過何種方式、何種途徑對社會主義性質(zhì)的市場經(jīng)濟運行發(fā)揮作用，以及發(fā)揮何種作用，二者應當在哪些方面需要改進和協(xié)調(diào)以便共同對市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展提供有力的法律保障，均為本文擬解決的關鍵問題。 在各國市場經(jīng)濟的實踐中，“市場”當仁不讓地成為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主角，而“國家”在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中的角色也舉足輕重�，F(xiàn)代國家最主要的作用就是為市場發(fā)揮功效創(chuàng)造一個公平有序的清潔的環(huán)境，包括“政府”參與市場經(jīng)濟和“國家”干預市場行為兩個方面。經(jīng)濟基礎決定了包括法律在內(nèi)的上層建筑的形態(tài)，無論是“市場”的正常運行，還是“政府”的經(jīng)濟行為，亦或是“國家”的干預措施，都需要有完善的法律體系為依托和保障。 具體在公法與私法對市場經(jīng)濟的作用方面，提出公法作為“看得見的手”在宏觀經(jīng)濟層面具有直接調(diào)控的作用(即宏觀調(diào)控)，在微觀經(jīng)濟層面具有間接規(guī)制的作用(即市場規(guī)制)；私法作為“看不見的手”在微觀經(jīng)濟層面直接規(guī)范主體參與市場的行為。根據(jù)我國目前市場經(jīng)濟的實際情況，必須通過公法、私法的二元結構，共同維護健康穩(wěn)定的市場經(jīng)濟秩序。通過私法對市場主體資格的確立，從靜態(tài)、動態(tài)兩方面對物權法律制度和契約法律制度的保護，維護市場經(jīng)濟的基礎運行秩序。通過公法對國民經(jīng)濟整體運行秩序和市場經(jīng)濟的競爭秩序的調(diào)整，為市場經(jīng)濟的快速、健康發(fā)展提供保障。由于私法和公法在作用于市場經(jīng)濟時都存在缺陷，我國的市場經(jīng)濟又具有轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟國家和發(fā)展中國家的很多特性，，就要求我們必須做到公法和私法在我國市場經(jīng)濟中作用的良性互動，更好地為我國市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展奠定良好的法律基礎。
[Abstract]:The relation of market economy mainly depends on private law to adjust, but its normal development must be protected by public law. Public law can not replace private law to adjust economic relations separately, its function is to clear the obstacle for private law to adjust economic relations, to restore the market economy to the state that civil and commercial law can play its role freely and effectively. The civil and commercial law, as a private law, is the leading force to adjust the social and economic relations. However, the defects of the civil and commercial law itself make it unable to take on the responsibility of adjusting the market economy relationship independently, and it must turn to other public law departments which can make up for its deficiency. The role of public law and private law in our market economy is the central issue and the center of gravity. (a) the manner in which public and private law play a role in the functioning of the socialist market economy, and in what way, What aspects should be improved and coordinated in order to provide a strong legal guarantee for the development of the market economy are the key problems to be solved in this paper. In the practice of market economy in various countries, "market" becomes the protagonist of economic development, and "country" plays an important role in the process of economic development. The most important role of modern countries is to create a fair and orderly clean environment for the effectiveness of market, including "government" participation in market economy and "state" intervention in market behavior. The economic base determines the form of superstructure, including the law, whether it is the normal operation of the "market", the economic behavior of the "government", or the intervention of the "state". All need to have a sound legal system for the support and protection. In terms of the role of public and private law in the market economy, Public law, as a "visible hand", has the function of direct regulation at the macro-economic level (i.e. macro-control) and indirect regulation at the microeconomic level (i.e. market regulation). Private law, as an invisible hand, directly regulates the subject's participation in the market at the microeconomic level. According to the actual situation of market economy in our country, we must jointly maintain the healthy and stable market economic order through the dual structure of public law and private law. Through the establishment of the qualification of the market subject in private law, the legal system of real right and the legal system of contract are protected from the static and dynamic aspects, and the basic operating order of the market economy is maintained. The adjustment of public law to the whole operation order of the national economy and the competition order of the market economy provides the guarantee for the rapid and healthy development of the market economy. Due to the defects of private law and public law when they act on the market economy, the market economy of our country has many characteristics of countries with economies in transition and developing countries. It requires us to achieve the positive interaction of public law and private law in the market economy of our country, and lay a good legal foundation for the development of our market economy.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：D922.29

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