【摘要】：在法律大家族中,海商法源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)又特色鮮明。在中國(guó),海商法的發(fā)展歷史幾乎與現(xiàn)代意義上的中國(guó)法制發(fā)展大體同期,可以說是中國(guó)法律組成結(jié)構(gòu)中,歷史較為悠久的一個(gè)部分。伴隨著國(guó)際航運(yùn)事業(yè)的發(fā)展以及海洋意識(shí)的覺醒,《中華人民共和國(guó)海商法》面臨著新的時(shí)代議題,也催生了對(duì)海商法新的期待,其修改隨著海運(yùn)強(qiáng)國(guó)、海洋強(qiáng)國(guó)等方略的提出和實(shí)施,再一次被納入議事日程。追古喻今,整理近代中國(guó)海商法的法律變遷史,梳理其中的思想細(xì)節(jié)與制度,探析其中為當(dāng)時(shí)的立法者所倚重和忽略的舊事,無疑對(duì)當(dāng)代中國(guó)海商法的立法和司法實(shí)踐具有一定的啟迪意義。清末以降的中國(guó)海商法立法歷程,大體經(jīng)歷了清末之醞釀,民國(guó)時(shí)期兩次集中的立法實(shí)踐,到新中國(guó)成立后的當(dāng)代中國(guó)海商法制定與修訂。本文以1929年南京國(guó)民政府時(shí)期頒布的《中華民國(guó)海商法》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱"1929年《民國(guó)海商法》")為主要分析文本,該法借鑒了日本德國(guó)的相關(guān)立法技術(shù)并進(jìn)行了一定的本土化處理,對(duì)海事海商事務(wù)有著較為完整的規(guī)定。本文主要分為四個(gè)部分,第一部分闡述1929年《民國(guó)海商法》產(chǎn)生的歷史背景,包括社會(huì)背景、制度保障、立法情況等,分析1929年《民國(guó)海商法》的出臺(tái)條件。第二部分論述1929年《民國(guó)海商法》的立法思想及原則。從概念、沿革等角度分析1929年《民國(guó)海商法》中主要制度的原理、構(gòu)建及應(yīng)用,著重分析介紹海商法中的特殊制度,以船舶制度、海員制度為例,解釋法條本身含義及法律適用的基礎(chǔ)之上分析其立法主旨以及三民主義立法思想指導(dǎo)之下,利益平衡原則和扶助勞工原則對(duì)于海商法立法的影響。第三部分研究1929年《民國(guó)海商法》的移植與繼承,闡述對(duì)大陸法系商法以及國(guó)際公約的移植成果、《海船法草案》的繼承以及本土化處理的成效,分析法律的實(shí)效性。第四部分是對(duì)1929年《民國(guó)海商法》立法的總體評(píng)價(jià)。闡述1929年《民國(guó)海商法》的歷史意義及局限之處,提出對(duì)《中華人民共和國(guó)海商法》修改的借鑒意義,旨在為中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法制建設(shè)略盡綿薄之力。
[Abstract]:In the legal family, maritime law has a long history and distinctive characteristics. In China, the development history of maritime law is almost the same as the development of Chinese legal system in the modern sense, and it can be said to be a relatively long history in the constitution of Chinese law. With the development of the international shipping industry and the awakening of the maritime consciousness, the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China is facing a new topic of the times, and has also given birth to a new expectation of the maritime law. Put forward and implement the strategy of ocean powerful country, once again be put into the agenda. Tracing back to ancient times, sorting out the history of the legal changes of modern China's maritime law, combing the ideological details and systems therein, and analyzing the old things that the legislators at that time relied on and ignored. Undoubtedly, it has certain enlightening significance to the legislation and judicial practice of contemporary Chinese maritime law. The legislative process of China's maritime law in the late Qing Dynasty has generally experienced the brewing of the late Qing Dynasty, two concentrated legislative practices during the Republic of China, and the establishment and revision of the contemporary Chinese maritime law after the founding of New China. In this paper, the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" promulgated by the Nanjing National Government in 1929 (hereinafter referred to as "the Republic of China's Maritime Law of 1929") is the main analysis text. There are relatively complete regulations on maritime affairs. This paper is mainly divided into four parts. The first part expounds the historical background of the production of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929, including the social background, the system guarantee, the legislative situation and so on, and analyzes the conditions for the publication of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929. The second part discusses the legislative thoughts and principles of the Maritime Law of the Republic of China in 1929. This paper analyzes the principle, construction and application of the main systems in the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929 from the point of view of concept, evolution and so on. It emphasizes on the introduction of the special system in the maritime law, taking the ship system and the seafarer system as examples. On the basis of explaining the meaning of the law itself and the application of the law, this paper analyzes its legislative purport and the influence of the principle of balance of interests and the principle of supporting labor on the legislation of maritime law under the guidance of the legislative thought of the three people's principles. The third part studies the transplantation and inheritance of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929, expounds the transplant results of the commercial law of the continental law system and the international convention, the inheritance of the draft of the Maritime ship Law and the effect of the localization treatment, and analyzes the effectiveness of the law. The fourth part is the overall evaluation of the 1929 Maritime Law of the Republic of China. This paper expounds the historical significance and limitation of the "Maritime Law of the Republic of China" in 1929, and puts forward the reference significance for the revision of "Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China", in order to contribute a little bit to the construction of socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D929

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