【摘要】： 民國(guó)前期的法制歷經(jīng)近二十年的變革,在學(xué)習(xí)和吸收西方先進(jìn)法制經(jīng)驗(yàn),繼承清末變法修律成果的基礎(chǔ)上,基本形成了包括憲法、民法、刑法、商法、訴訟法和法院編制法在內(nèi)的“六法全書”體系,法制變革成果十分顯著。 本文在參考前人研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,以現(xiàn)代化理論為指導(dǎo),采用史學(xué)、法學(xué)跨學(xué)科相結(jié)合研究方法,探討了民國(guó)前期(1912——1928)法制變革的進(jìn)程、內(nèi)容和歷史成就,以期豐富中國(guó)近代法制變革的研究。 這一時(shí)期,制憲運(yùn)動(dòng)頻仍,制憲成果頗豐。然而軍閥政治下,北洋軍閥標(biāo)榜法統(tǒng),以憲法粉飾專制,雖有憲法之名,但無(wú)憲政之實(shí)。法典化開啟了中國(guó)民法現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程,法典化亦成為民法現(xiàn)代化變革的主旋律。在傳承與超越中,刑法現(xiàn)代化曲折的向前發(fā)展。商法立法模式則經(jīng)歷了由“民商分立”到“民商合一”的轉(zhuǎn)變。民事訴訟法、刑事訴訟法和行政訴訟法等三大訴訟法的變革打破了中國(guó)古代法制實(shí)體法與程序法不分的格局,民事訴訟程序、刑事訴訟程序和行政訴訟程序的變革體現(xiàn)了立法者對(duì)程序正義的不懈追求。法院編制法對(duì)法院體制作了嚴(yán)密規(guī)定,保障程序正義的實(shí)現(xiàn)。民國(guó)前期的法制變革繼承了清末法制變革成果,亦為南京國(guó)民政府的法制建設(shè)奠定了基礎(chǔ),促進(jìn)了現(xiàn)代化法制進(jìn)程的發(fā)展。民國(guó)前期法制變革的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)給我們今天的法制建設(shè)以諸多啟示。
[Abstract]:The legal system in the early period of the Republic of China has undergone nearly 20 years of reform. On the basis of studying and absorbing the western advanced legal system experience and inheriting the achievements of the law reform in the late Qing Dynasty, it has basically formed the constitution, civil law, criminal law and commercial law. The system of "six laws", including the law of procedure and the law of the court, has made remarkable achievements in the reform of the legal system. Based on the previous research results and guided by the modernization theory, this paper discusses the process, content and historical achievements of the legal system reform in the early period of the Republic of China (1912-1928) by using the interdisciplinary research method of historiography and law. In order to enrich the modern Chinese legal system reform research. During this period, the constitution-making movement was frequent and the constitution-making achievements were abundant. However, under the warlord politics, the Northern warlords preached the legal system, whitewashed the autocracy with the constitution, although it had the name of the constitution, it did not have the reality of the constitutionalism. Codification has opened the modernization process of Chinese civil law, and it has also become the main melody of the modernization of civil law. In the course of inheritance and transcendence, the modernization of criminal law develops zigzag. The legislative model of commercial law has gone through the transformation from "separation of civil and commercial affairs" to "integration of civil and commercial affairs". The changes in the three major procedural laws, such as the civil procedure law, the criminal procedure law and the administrative procedure law, have broken the pattern of no distinction between the legal substantive law and the procedural law in ancient China. The reform of criminal procedure and administrative procedure reflects the lawmaker's unremitting pursuit of procedural justice. The law of court establishment makes strict provisions on the court system and guarantees the realization of procedural justice. The legal system reform in the early period of the Republic of China inherited the achievements of the legal reform in the late Qing Dynasty and laid the foundation for the legal system construction of the Nanjing National Government and promoted the development of the legal system process of modernization. The experience and lessons of the legal system reform in the early Republic of China give us a lot of enlightenment to the legal system construction today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：K258;D929

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