論公司集團(tuán)破產(chǎn)的特殊性及其法律調(diào)整
[Abstract]:I. research purposes
As a product of socialization of production, corporate groups are of great significance to a country's economic development and the improvement of international competitiveness. In principle, the members of corporate groups are economic entities with legal personality, operating independently according to law and assuming civil liability independently. But in fact, corporate groups are often crisscross and coordinate with each other. Interest groups, whose concerted actions tend to disadvantage external creditors. Especially when individual members of a group are in bankruptcy, other group members have a de facto priority in obtaining liquidation, thus creating a situation of unfair liquidation. Strategic bankruptcy of a corporation, transferring risk to the market or seizing unfair interests. This comparative advantage of a corporation group stems from the difference in "information symmetry" between its internal members and external parties. Generally speaking, the internal members of the group are always better able to grasp the debtor's financial situation in a timely manner and achieve better results with it. Therefore, it is worth studying how to strengthen the protection of external creditors while encouraging the development of corporate groups so as to achieve the goal of fair liquidation in bankruptcy law.
Two, main contents
The first part of the article first introduces the characteristics of the company group, discusses its inevitability, rationality, and possible adverse effects, and points out the differences in "information symmetry" between the members of the company group and the outside parties. At the same time, the article discusses the regulation of the bankruptcy of the members of the company group. Demand. At present, some countries have given special attention and even special treatment to corporate groups in the field of corporate law. However, although the bankruptcy of group members, especially the serial bankruptcy of group members, may have a huge social impact, the special regulation of corporate groups in the field of bankruptcy law can not be ignored, and in many countries, it is also the case. Not getting the due attention.
As for the bankruptcy of multinational corporations, there is no special discussion in this paper due to space constraints.
The second part of the article discusses the guiding principles for dealing with the bankruptcy of the members of a corporate group. Beneficiaries who are neither fault-free nor fault-free should also be accounted for; individual cases should be weighed to determine whether and to what extent unlimited liability of the controlling company should be held accountable; and the scope of liability of the corporate group in bankruptcy should be provided as detailed and sufficient as possible so that the transactions can be conducted separately. We should strengthen the system of information disclosure, especially information preservation in bankruptcy proceedings, administrator's right to investigate and creditor's right to know, and clarify the punishment measures for fraudulent acts; government funds should play a certain role in the rescue process of corporate groups; we should pay attention to overall coordination, so that the advantages of resource integration of corporate groups are involved. It should be treated differently according to the different operating conditions of each subsidiary company.
The third part of the article makes an empirical study of the existing main legal systems. Firstly, the secondary creditor's rights system can prevent the false creditor's rights from affecting the legitimate interests of external creditors, but it also has its inherent defects: from the policy point of view, the secondary creditor's rights system itself is questioned; the design of the secondary creditor's rights is also difficult to fundamentally solve the malicious infringement. Secondly, piercing the corporate mask system allows the court to impose unlimited liability on the debts of subsidiaries under certain circumstances, but so far, piercing the corporate mask system is seldom used in practice; the object of regulation is generally vertical relationship, and the liability for horizontal relationship, i.e. between sister companies, is less. Thirdly, the bankruptcy joint and several liability system includes the internal vertical and horizontal relations of the group company, which greatly strengthens the protection of external creditors of subsidiary companies, but there is also the principle of limited liability for shocks. In addition, the article also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of legal systems such as subordinate claims, controlling shareholders'obligations and the principle of substantive merger.
In the fourth part of the article, the author draws a conclusion that the bankruptcy of a company group should be adjusted comprehensively by using various legal systems, including: requiring the company group and its members to undertake higher information disclosure obligations in foreign transactions; establishing a bankruptcy early warning system for the company group; establishing affiliated companies in foreign transactions of group members In the case of bankruptcy of a group member company, other group members, especially the controlling company, shall be jointly and severally liable for the fraudulent acts involving the bankruptcy of the bankrupt company which they have influenced or participated in; and a limited secondary creditor's rights system with the benefit as the condition should be established. Commercial law, economic law system, and even drawing on the relevant theories of criminal law, equitable protection of the legitimate rights and interests of external creditors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2007
【分類號(hào)】:D912.29
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