【摘要】：預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼結(jié)構(gòu)是在結(jié)構(gòu)施加荷載之前,對鋼結(jié)構(gòu)施加預(yù)應(yīng)力以抵消荷載效應(yīng),調(diào)整內(nèi)力峰值,增強(qiáng)結(jié)構(gòu)剛度及穩(wěn)定性,并改善結(jié)構(gòu)其他性能的一種結(jié)構(gòu)類型。本文在已有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,對預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計及其拉索索力識別方法進(jìn)行了研究,以期進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用。在查閱大量相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)了預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計及其拉索索力識別方法的研究現(xiàn)狀及存在問題,闡述了將模擬植物生長算法(PGSA)引入結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計以及研究基于靜力平衡的索力識別方法的理論與實踐意義。對PGSA的基本原理進(jìn)行了分析,指出并證實了該優(yōu)化算法的局限性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了三種新的算法改進(jìn)策略:形態(tài)素濃度計算的精英策略、智能變步長策略及基于遺傳算法的初始生長點選擇策略。通過典型算例驗證了所提出的改進(jìn)策略可有效提高PGSA的優(yōu)化效率及全局搜索能力。綜合上述三種改進(jìn)策略,提出了一種新的混合智能算法——改進(jìn)模擬植物生長-遺傳混合算法(PGSA-GA)。給出了該混合智能算法的優(yōu)化算法流程,并采用ANSYS二次開發(fā)語言APDL及MATLAB編制了優(yōu)化設(shè)計程序。通過算例分析表明:PGSA-GA優(yōu)化效果顯著,明顯優(yōu)于遺傳算法、二級優(yōu)化法、相對差商法和連續(xù)變量法等。對弦支穹頂結(jié)構(gòu)混合變量優(yōu)化問題的特點和難點進(jìn)行了剖析,指出了PGSA-GA的優(yōu)勢。編制了基于PGSA-GA算法原理的弦支穹頂結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計程序,優(yōu)化結(jié)果進(jìn)一步驗證了該算法的可行性和有效性。對基于靜力平衡的拉索索力識別方法進(jìn)行了研究。一方面,研發(fā)并設(shè)計了索力識別裝置的關(guān)健部件——采用軟金屬內(nèi)襯的新型復(fù)合索夾,并對索夾夾持摩擦力規(guī)律進(jìn)行了理論分析和試驗驗證,結(jié)果表明該復(fù)合索夾能夠滿足索力識別的需求。另一方面,提出了考慮拉索抗彎剛度的索力識別公式,并給出了相應(yīng)的求解方法,通過索力識別試驗反映了該公式與試驗結(jié)果較為相符且精度較高,符合拉索的實際受力狀態(tài),從而驗證了所提出的考慮抗彎剛度影響的索力識別方法的準(zhǔn)確性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Prestressed steel structure is a kind of structure which applies prestress to the steel structure before the load is applied to counteract the load effect, adjust the peak value of internal force, enhance the stiffness and stability of the structure, and improve the other properties of the structure. Based on the existing research results, this paper studies the optimal design of prestressed steel structures and the identification method of cable force, in order to further promote the development and application of prestressed steel structures. On the basis of consulting a large number of related documents, this paper summarizes the research status and existing problems of the optimization design of prestressed steel structure and the identification method of cable force. The theoretical and practical significance of introducing the simulated plant growth algorithm (PGSA) into the structural optimization design and studying the method of cable force identification based on static equilibrium is described. The basic principle of PGSA is analyzed, and the limitation of the optimization algorithm is pointed out and verified. On this basis, three new algorithm improvement strategies are proposed: elite strategy for calculating morphin concentration, intelligent variable step size strategy and initial growth point selection strategy based on genetic algorithm. A typical example shows that the proposed improved strategy can effectively improve the optimization efficiency and global search ability of PGSA. A new hybrid intelligent algorithm-improved plant growth-genetic hybrid algorithm (PGSA-GA) is proposed based on the above three improved strategies. The optimization algorithm flow of the hybrid intelligent algorithm is given, and the optimization design program is programmed by ANSYS secondary development language APDL and MATLAB. The result of example analysis shows that the optimization effect of 1: PGSA-GA is remarkable, which is better than that of genetic algorithm, two-level optimization method, relative difference quotient method and continuous variable method, etc. In this paper, the characteristics and difficulties of mixed variable optimization of chordal dome structure are analyzed, and the advantages of PGSA-GA are pointed out. A program for optimal design of dome structure based on PGSA-GA algorithm is developed. The optimization results further verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm. The method of cable force recognition based on static balance is studied. On the one hand, the key component of cable force identification device, a new composite cable clamp with soft metal lining, is developed and designed. The friction law of cable clamping is theoretically analyzed and tested. The results show that the composite cable clamp can meet the requirements of cable force identification. On the other hand, a cable force identification formula considering the bending stiffness of cable is put forward, and the corresponding solution method is given. The results of cable force identification test show that the formula is in good agreement with the test results and the accuracy is higher, which accords with the actual stress state of the cable. Thus, the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed cable force identification method considering the influence of bending stiffness are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU394

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本文編號：2205237