本文選題：海事賠償責(zé)任限制 + 責(zé)任限制基金　； 參考：《華東政法學(xué)院》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】： 海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度是指在發(fā)生重大海損事故，給他人造成重大財產(chǎn)損失或人身傷亡時，責(zé)任方可根據(jù)法律的規(guī)定將其賠償責(zé)任限制在一定范圍內(nèi)的法律制度，，這是海商法中獨特而重要的法律制度，對于保護海上運輸業(yè)的穩(wěn)步發(fā)展有著重要的作用。我國的海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度隨著《中華人民共和國海商法》等法律法規(guī)的制定和頒布，在實體法方面的規(guī)范正日趨完備，基本形成體系。但在程序法方面，則存在較多的不足。其中最為明顯的是，我國《海事訴訟特別程序法》中僅對海事賠償責(zé)任限制基金的設(shè)立作了規(guī)定，然而，由于基金的設(shè)立本身并不涉及責(zé)任人最終能否享受責(zé)任限制的問題，因此，如果當(dāng)事人就此向法院提出予以裁判的請求，在程序上應(yīng)如何處理缺乏相應(yīng)的法律規(guī)定。由于海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度中程序法與實體法配套不齊及程序法本身存在的缺陷，致使實體法中規(guī)定的當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利沒有得到程序法的保障，海事審判實踐中亦存在較大爭議，產(chǎn)生了司法不統(tǒng)一的情況。隨著我國海事司法審判的發(fā)展，近年來相關(guān)案件不斷出現(xiàn)，解決這一問題更顯得尤為迫切。本文從介紹海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的概況入手，闡述了目前我國海事賠償責(zé)任限制程序的有關(guān)法律規(guī)定，歸納了立法中未設(shè)置專門的海事賠償責(zé)任限制程序的理由，并對該些理由的成立與否逐一進(jìn)行了評析。在梳理和匯總了一部分由于實體法和程序法不配套以及程序法本身缺陷在審判實踐中造成的問題后，根據(jù)國際公約的有關(guān)規(guī)定闡述了在國際海事立法中設(shè)立責(zé)任限制基金的目的和法律后果，進(jìn)而對前述一系列問題存在的根源進(jìn)行了分析。此后，通過介紹世界上主要航運國家關(guān)于海事賠償責(zé)任限制程序問題的規(guī)定，總結(jié)出一些對我國有借鑒意義的做法。最后以民事訴訟的訴權(quán)理論為基礎(chǔ)，分析指出對責(zé)任人是否享有責(zé)任限制的審查可以構(gòu)成一個獨立的訴，并從海事賠償責(zé)任限制之訴提起的時間、管轄問題、法院對責(zé)任限制之訴的審查和受理以及海事賠償責(zé)任限制基金的設(shè)立和分配等方面提出了完善我國海事賠償責(zé)任限制程序的若干建議。
[Abstract]:The limitation system of liability for maritime claims refers to the legal system in which the liability for compensation can be limited to a certain extent in accordance with the provisions of the law when serious average accidents occur, causing serious property losses or personal casualties to others. This is a unique and important legal system in maritime law, which plays an important role in protecting the steady development of maritime transport industry. With the establishment and promulgation of laws and regulations such as the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China, the system of limitation of liability for maritime claims in our country is becoming more and more complete in the aspect of substantive law. However, there are many deficiencies in procedural law. The most obvious one is that the establishment of the limitation Fund for liability for Maritime claims is only stipulated in the Law of Special procedure for Maritime Proceedings of our country. However, since the establishment of the Fund itself does not involve the question of whether the responsible person can ultimately enjoy the limitation of liability, Therefore, if the parties apply to the court for adjudication, how to deal with the procedural lack of corresponding legal provisions. Due to the mismatch between the procedural law and the substantive law in the limitation system of liability for maritime claims and the defects of the procedural law itself, the rights of the parties stipulated in the substantive law are not guaranteed by the procedural law, and there are still great disputes in the practice of maritime trial. There has been a lack of uniformity in the administration of justice. With the development of maritime judicial trial in our country, the related cases appear continuously in recent years, so it is more urgent to solve this problem. This paper introduces the general situation of the limitation system of maritime claim liability, expounds the relevant legal provisions of the limitation procedure of maritime claim liability in our country at present, and summarizes the reasons why there is no special limitation procedure for maritime claim liability in the legislation. And the reasons for the establishment or not are evaluated one by one. After combing and summing up some of the problems caused by the lack of matching substantive law and procedural law and the defects of procedural law itself in trial practice, According to the relevant provisions of international conventions, the purpose and legal consequences of establishing a liability limitation fund in international maritime legislation are expounded, and the causes of these problems are analyzed. After that, by introducing the regulations of the main shipping countries on the limitation procedure of maritime claims liability, the author sums up some useful practices for our country. Finally, based on the theory of litigation rights in civil litigation, the author points out that the review of liability limitation of the responsible person can constitute an independent action, and the time and jurisdiction of the action from the limitation of liability for maritime claims. The court has put forward some suggestions on how to perfect the limitation procedure of maritime claim liability in the aspects of the examination and acceptance of liability limitation action and the establishment and distribution of the limitation fund for maritime claim liability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：D925.1;D922.294

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 梁永剛;海事?lián)７蓡栴}研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2008年

本文編號：2041742