本文選題：有毒有害物質(zhì) + 民事責(zé)任　； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文研究的主題是船載有毒有害物質(zhì)污染事故損害賠償?shù)拿袷仑?zé)任有關(guān)的法律問題,分為六章。第一章分析《國際海上運輸有毒有害物質(zhì)損害責(zé)任及賠償公約》中有毒有害物質(zhì)的定義和我國法律體系中“有毒有害物質(zhì)”、“危險貨物”等相關(guān)概念,我國法律中缺乏對環(huán)境污染侵權(quán)責(zé)任中的“有毒有害物質(zhì)”的明確界定,應(yīng)借鑒國際公約并結(jié)合國內(nèi)法中對“危險貨物”的規(guī)定,明確我國國內(nèi)法中“有毒有害物質(zhì)”的內(nèi)涵和外延。第二章主要研究了國際公約在我國國內(nèi)適用的問題。從我國已有的司法實踐和學(xué)界觀點看,如果我國參加了上述公約,則該公約僅在具有涉外因素的船載有毒有害物質(zhì)污染事故中適用。對于我國管轄海域內(nèi)的不具有涉外因素的有毒有害污染事故應(yīng)適用我國《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》、《海商法》等法律、行政法規(guī)的規(guī)定。第三章所探討的是船載有毒有害物質(zhì)污染事故所造成損害的地域范圍和內(nèi)容,《國際海上運輸有毒有害物質(zhì)損害責(zé)任及賠償公約》明確規(guī)定了該公約所適用的損害包括人身傷亡、環(huán)境損害和預(yù)防措施等內(nèi)容,而我國法律中環(huán)境污染侵權(quán)責(zé)任中責(zé)任主體應(yīng)對環(huán)境污染事故所造成的實際損失進行賠償。為便利我國法律下船載有毒有害物質(zhì)污染事故中受害人的求償,借鑒國際公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定,明確我國法律中有毒有害物質(zhì)污染事故的損害內(nèi)容是可取的選擇。第四章的主要內(nèi)容是船載有毒有害污染事故中的責(zé)任主體在國際公約和我國國內(nèi)法下享有的賠償責(zé)任限制。相比國際公約中所規(guī)定的較高的賠償限額,不具有涉外因素的船載有毒有害污染事故的船舶所有人將適用我國《海商法》中規(guī)定的數(shù)額較低的海事責(zé)任限制。第五章主要分析了受害人根據(jù)國際公約和國內(nèi)法確定求償對象、管轄法院和訴訟時效的法律問題。根據(jù)國際公約的規(guī)定,船舶所有人是唯一承擔(dān)損害賠償責(zé)任的主體,而我國法律中并未明確規(guī)定環(huán)境污染侵權(quán)事故中的責(zé)任主體,而應(yīng)根據(jù)污染事故的具體事實和法律法規(guī)來確定具有賠償義務(wù)的責(zé)任主體。將國際有毒有害物質(zhì)基金的制度與有毒有害物質(zhì)損害責(zé)任的制度規(guī)定于同一個國際公約之中是《國際海上運輸有毒有害物質(zhì)損害責(zé)任及賠償公約》的一大特點。本文的最后一章介紹并分析了該國際有毒有害物質(zhì)基金的基本制度及其對我國參加該國際公約的影響。 本文進行研究的目的,主要是希望對比該國際公約和我國國內(nèi)法的法律規(guī)范,為我國相關(guān)法律制度的修改和參加該國際公約的前景進行分析。
[Abstract]:The subject of this paper is the legal issues related to the civil liability for damage compensation in shipborne toxic and harmful substances pollution accidents, which is divided into six chapters. The first chapter analyzes the definition of noxious and harmful substances in the International Convention on liability and compensation for damage caused by noxious substances in the International Carriage of noxious substances by Sea, and the relevant concepts of "toxic and harmful substances" and "dangerous goods" in our legal system. There is a lack of clear definition of "toxic and harmful substances" in the tort liability of environmental pollution in our country, so we should draw lessons from international conventions and combine with the provisions of "dangerous goods" in domestic law. To clarify the connotation and extension of "toxic and harmful substances" in Chinese domestic law. The second chapter mainly studies the application of international conventions in China. From the point of view of judicial practice and academic circles in China, if our country is a party to the above-mentioned convention, the convention will only be applied in the accidents of pollution caused by toxic and harmful substances carried by ships with foreign factors. The law of tort liability, maritime law and other laws and administrative regulations should be applied to the noxious and harmful pollution accidents in the sea area under the jurisdiction of our country. Chapter III deals with the geographical scope and content of damage caused by incidents of pollution caused by toxic and harmful substances carried on board ships. The Convention on liability and compensation for damage caused by toxic and harmful substances in the International Carriage of toxic and harmful substances by Sea clearly stipulates that the damage to which the Convention applies includes personal injury, The contents of environmental damage and preventive measures, while in the law of our country environmental pollution tort liability subject should compensate for the actual loss caused by the environmental pollution accident. In order to facilitate the claim of the victims in the shipborne toxic and harmful substances pollution accident under the law of our country, it is a desirable choice to draw lessons from the relevant provisions of the international conventions and to make clear the damage content of the toxic and harmful substances pollution accident in our country's law. The main content of the fourth chapter is the limitation of liability under the international convention and the domestic law of our country. Compared with the higher limit of compensation stipulated in the international convention, the owner of the ship without foreign factors will apply the lower limitation of maritime liability as stipulated in the Maritime Law of our country. The fifth chapter mainly analyzes the legal issues of the victim's determination of the object of claim, the jurisdiction of the court and the statute of limitations according to the international conventions and domestic laws. According to the provisions of the international convention, the owner of the ship is the only subject of liability for damages, but the subject of liability in the environmental pollution tort is not clearly stipulated in the law of our country. The liability subject with compensation obligation should be determined according to the specific facts and laws and regulations of the pollution accident. It is a major feature of the Convention on liability and compensation for damage caused by the International Maritime Carriage of toxic and harmful substances that the system of the International Fund for toxic and harmful substances and the system of liability for damage caused by toxic and harmful substances are stipulated in the same international convention. In the last chapter, the basic system of the International Fund for toxic and harmful substances and its influence on China's participation in the International Convention are introduced and analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to compare the international convention with the legal norms of our country's domestic law, and to analyze the revision of the relevant legal system and the prospect of participating in the international convention.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D997.1;D923;D922.294

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 司玉琢;沿海運輸船舶油污損害賠償法律適用問題研究[J];大連海事大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2002年Z1期

2 李楨;張仁平;;HNS公約的修訂及其影響[J];大連海事大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2008年06期

3 俞國平;;海上危險貨物運輸?shù)姆蓡栴}[J];航海技術(shù);2008年01期

4 吳紅兵;王星星;;我國加入《OPRC—HNS議定書》的利弊分析[J];航海技術(shù);2008年06期

5 廖志偉;;建立有毒有害物質(zhì)污染損害賠償機制 做好履約準備[J];中國海事;2008年09期

6 鄧麗娟;本案不應(yīng)適用1969 CLC──談一起油污損害賠償案的法律適用[J];世界海運;2001年01期

7 孫曄;托運人對于托運危險貨物的義務(wù)和責(zé)任[J];世界海運;2002年01期

8 王瑞軍,陳德麗;建立我國船運有害有毒物質(zhì)損害責(zé)任機制的研究[J];世界海運;2003年01期

9 金秀梅;;澳大利亞抵御海上油類和其他有毒有害物質(zhì)污染對策[J];世界海運;2006年02期

10 傅廷忠;關(guān)于危險貨物運輸?shù)姆蓡栴}[J];世界海運;1997年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 范曉莉;海洋環(huán)境保護的法律制度與國際合作[D];中國政法大學(xué);2003年

2 陳百賢;論船舶污染損害賠償[D];中國政法大學(xué);2006年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 朱穎;HNS公約研究[D];西南政法大學(xué);2004年

2 陳益;船舶污染強制責(zé)任保險問題研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2006年

3 陳湘波;海事侵權(quán)法律適用問題研究[D];貴州大學(xué);2007年

4 涂娟娟;國際防止船舶污染法律制度研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2009年

5 李妍;海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度若干問題研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2010年

，

本文編號：1836013