本文選題：爾曼 + 法律思想��； 參考：《西南師范大學》2002年碩士論文

【摘要】： 第一部分教皇革命形成了西方法律傳統(tǒng) 伯爾曼認為傳統(tǒng)的歷史分期方法、歷史編纂方法是不科學的，這種方法忽略了一個重要的事實——西方歷史在1050年至1150年發(fā)生了一個重要的斷裂，近代西方以及西方法律傳統(tǒng)從這里發(fā)端。教皇革命作為西方歷史上第一次革命，將西方基督教世界分裂成兩部分：教會和世俗共同體，教會法律體系和世俗法律體系由此產生。教會實際上是西方第一個近代國家，教會法律體系是第一個近代法律體系。世俗法律體系包括王室法、封建法、莊園法，城市法、商法，他們都是以教會法為樣板，具有系統(tǒng)化的特征。法律科學的發(fā)達對教會法和世俗法的系統(tǒng)化起了很大的作用。西方法學是一種世俗神學。宗教的儀式，圣禮和學說作為西方法律體系的基本制度，概念和價值的淵源，對西方法學產生了巨大影響。大學的興起，經(jīng)院主義方法的廣泛應用，對羅馬法文本的廣泛研究使得西方法律科學產生。教會是一個法治國，教會的社團性質意味著教權的法律性和受限制性，教職的選任和教會官僚體系的專門性和復雜性也構成對教會權力的制約，輿論也在一定意義上限制了教會權力。 毫無疑問，伯爾曼夸大了教皇革命的作用。他尤其夸大了格里高利7世改革的作用。法律和宗教的關系沒有他想象中那么近，，今日的世界也沒有他想象中那么悲觀。歷史不可被預言。法律觀的形成應該是合力造成，教皇革命、教會法、經(jīng)濟、以及當時的哲學思潮、文化背景、甚至當時重要的歷史人物的觀點……這些都是形成西方法律傳統(tǒng)的因素。馬克思主義教會我們客觀地看待問題，實事求是地分析問題、對待異己事物。對于伯爾曼思想中唯心的東西，我們應該明辨；對于那些發(fā)人深思的思想，我們應該重視、費心思量。 伯爾曼的法律思想研究 第二部分酣教教會法的歷史貢獻和今天的危機 三徑就荒，松菊猶存。古羅馬帝國的衰亡并不意味著古代優(yōu)秀文化也跟著滅絕了。 歷史學家們近來公正的研究證明了，正是基督教如一股瀑混溪流存續(xù)著人類文化的 精華。作為歐洲三大法律之一的教會法，在當時發(fā)展成凌駕于世俗法之上的權威法， 其適用范圍超出了國界。作為古代法律文化經(jīng)典的羅馬法，正是通過教會法的橋梁 作用在中世紀得以存續(xù)。12世紀至15世紀羅馬法的復興，尤其有賴于教會法和教會 法學者的作用。 教會法的法律觀念，倫理道德觀念，權利義務觀念，價值觀念等，為后世的法學 理論打上了深深的烙印，并直接影響到西方各國的立法和司法制度。尤其在婚姻家 庭關系、刑罰、訴訟法、國際法等方面的法律原則和制度上強烈地影響了宗教改革 后的新教會法和世俗法。 盡管教會法在本質上是反民主、反法治的，因封建王權的衰落與分散而興盛，因 教會的R益腐敗以及教會法對世俗法的蔑視和凌駕而衰弱。但這并不意味著基督教 及其教會法對西方法律的影響中斷，歷史并沒有否定教會法的全部。 伯爾曼本能地直覺到西方法律傳統(tǒng)面臨危機，這種危機的表現(xiàn)是宗教信仰和法律 信仰的雙重失落。他認為法律和宗教之間源于傳統(tǒng)的密切紐帶斷裂了。法律維系著 時下的社會，宗教幫助人類面對未來的世界；法律要贏得人們的衷心擁戴需要宗教， 因為宗教可以喚起人們滿懷的激情，而宗教需要的程序、組織又離不開法律。伯爾 曼痛苦于宗教與法律截然分離這一900年古老的傳統(tǒng)的破產，他提出法律的新紀元 應該是綜合。他盼望新的全人類的法律和全人類的宗教的產生，他寄希望于未來， 呼喚一個新的天堂和新的塵世的到來。人類的共同法已備雛形，世界主義的幻想并 非遙遙無期，具有普遍意義的共同法曾經(jīng)在歷史上存在過�？傊O想建立一種以 文明國家之共同原則為基礎的文明人類的共同法是我們今天的希望。
[Abstract]:The first part of the pope ' s revolution formed the western legal tradition









As the first revolution in western history , the church law system is the first modern legal system . The church is the first modern country in the West . The church law system is the first modern legal system .









There is no doubt that Berman exaggerates the role of the Pope ' s revolution . He exaggerates the role of the reform of Gregory 7 . The relationship between law and religion is not so pessimistic in his imagination . History cannot be predicted . The formation of a legal view should be a combination of the resultant forces , the Pope ' s revolution , the church law , the economy , and the then philosophical thoughts , cultural backgrounds , and even the important historical figures .
For those who thought of thought , we should pay more attention to the thought of thinking .



















A Study of Berman ' s Legal Thought









The second part of the history contribution of the church law and the crisis today









A three - path famine , a loose chrysanthemum , the decline of the ancient Roman Empire did not mean that the ancient elite culture followed the extinction .









Historians ' recent studies have proved that it is Christianity , such as a stream of mixed streams , that continues to be a human culture .









As one of the three laws in Europe , the church law was developed into an authority over the secular law ,









Its scope of application is beyond the borders of state . As the classical Roman law of ancient legal culture , it is the bridge through church law









The revival of Roman law from the 12th century to the 15th century , especially on the church law and the church .









Law scholar ' s role .









The legal concept of church law , the idea of ethics , the concept of rights and obligations , the value concept and so on , are the law of the future .









The theory is deeply branded and directly affects the legislative and judicial system of western countries , especially in marriage .









The legal principles and systems of court relation , penalty , procedure law and international law strongly influence religious reform









The new church law and secular law .









Although the church law is in essence anti - democracy and anti - rule of law , because of the decline and dispersion of the feudal lords ,









The church ' s R ' s corruption and the church law ' s contempt for and abuse of the secular law , but this does not mean Christianity









The influence of church law on western law is interrupted , history does not deny all of the church law .









Berman ' s instinct is intuitive to the western legal tradition facing a crisis that is characterized by religious beliefs and laws .









The double loss of belief . He believed that the legal and religious stem from the traditional close ties broke . The law was maintained .









The society at the time of religion helps mankind to face the world in the future ;
The law must win people ' s heartfelt support for the need of religion ,









Because religion can arouse people ' s passion , and the procedure of religious needs is inseparable from the law .









Man is suffering from the separation of religion and law from the 900 - year - old tradition of bankruptcy , and he put forward a new era of law









Should be comprehensive . He looked forward to the new universal law and the generation of all human religions , and he looked forward to the future ,









Call a new paradise and the arrival of new dust . The common law of mankind has been embryonic and world - oriented .









A common law with universal significance was once in history . In short , it is envisaged to establish a way to









The common law of civilized human beings based on the common principles of civilized nations is our hope today .

【學位授予單位】：西南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：D909

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 李進;英國現(xiàn)代法制變革中的偉大法官[D];復旦大學;2009年

本文編號：1783787