本文選題：海難救助 + 特別補(bǔ)償��； 參考：《上海海事大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 特別補(bǔ)償(Special Compensation)是當(dāng)代海難救助法律制度發(fā)展的最重要表現(xiàn)。自《1989年國(guó)際救助公約》(《International Convention on Salvage, 1989》)實(shí)施該制度以來(lái),司法實(shí)踐中暴露出諸多不足,需要對(duì)其進(jìn)行完善。本文對(duì)特別補(bǔ)償制度作了評(píng)析和研究,重點(diǎn)分析特別補(bǔ)償制度存在的問題,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)《中華人民共和國(guó)海商法》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《海商法》)中特別補(bǔ)償制度提出修改建議。 第1章介紹特別補(bǔ)償制度的由來(lái)。特別補(bǔ)償制度隨著海難救助實(shí)踐的發(fā)展而產(chǎn)生,是傳統(tǒng)的"無(wú)效果,無(wú)報(bào)酬"(no cure, no pay)的例外規(guī)定。Lloyd's StandardForm of Salvage Agreement 1980 (LOF 80)的"安全網(wǎng)條款"(Salty Net Clause)是特別補(bǔ)償確立的基礎(chǔ),《1989年國(guó)際救助公約》在各利益方妥協(xié)中正式確立特別補(bǔ)償制度。 第2章重點(diǎn)分析了《1989年國(guó)際救助公約》和我國(guó)《海商法》中特別補(bǔ)償規(guī)定存在的問題,并對(duì)《海商法》中的特別補(bǔ)償規(guī)定與公約規(guī)定的特別補(bǔ)償規(guī)定進(jìn)行比較分析。 第3章重點(diǎn)對(duì)船東互保協(xié)會(huì)特別補(bǔ)償條款(Special Compensation PI ClubClause: SCOPIC)進(jìn)行了分析。SCOPIC為了解決特別補(bǔ)償制度在實(shí)踐中遇到問題而產(chǎn)生,對(duì)特別補(bǔ)償制度的某些方面作出了改進(jìn),包括起止時(shí)間的確定、公平費(fèi)率的適用等,簡(jiǎn)化了特別補(bǔ)償?shù)挠?jì)算,但在實(shí)踐中仍然存在問題。 第4章評(píng)價(jià)了特別補(bǔ)償制度的價(jià)值。特別補(bǔ)償制度旨在鼓勵(lì)救助人對(duì)構(gòu)成環(huán)境損害威脅的船舶或其所載貨物進(jìn)行救助、保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境。特別補(bǔ)償制度是現(xiàn)代海難救助法律的進(jìn)步,但海難救助實(shí)踐的發(fā)展對(duì)特別補(bǔ)償提出了新的要求。 第5章基于前文分析,對(duì)《海商法》中特別補(bǔ)償?shù)囊?guī)定提出了修改的建議。
[Abstract]:Special compensation is the most important manifestation of the development of the legal system of salvage at sea. Since the implementation of the International Convention on Salvage Convention (1989), the judicial practice has exposed many deficiencies, which need to be perfected. In this paper, the special compensation system is evaluated and studied, and the problems existing in the special compensation system are emphatically analyzed. On this basis, suggestions are put forward to amend the special compensation system in the Maritime Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Maritime Law"). Chapter 1 introduces the origin of special compensation system. With the development of the practice of salvage at sea, the special compensation system is a traditional "ineffective" system. The "safety net clause" of Lloyds StandardForm of Salvage Agreement 1980 / LOF80) is the basis for the establishment of special compensation, and the 1989 International Salvage Convention formalizes the special compensation system among various stakeholders. Chapter 2 focuses on the analysis of the problems existing in the special compensation provisions in the 1989 International Salvage Convention and the Maritime Law of China, and makes a comparative analysis between the special compensation provisions in the Maritime Law and the special compensation provisions under the Convention. Chapter 3 focuses on the analysis of Special Compensation Pi ClubClause: SCOPICIC (Special Compensation Pi ClubClause.SCOPIC). In order to solve the problems encountered in the practice of the special compensation system, some aspects of the special compensation system have been improved. It simplifies the calculation of special compensation, including the determination of starting and ending time and the application of fair rate, but there are still some problems in practice. Chapter 4 evaluates the value of special compensation system. The special compensation system is designed to encourage salvors to salvage ships or their cargo that pose a threat of environmental damage and to protect the marine environment. The special compensation system is the progress of the modern maritime salvage law, but the development of the practice of salvage at sea puts forward new requirements for special compensation. Chapter 5, based on the above analysis, puts forward some suggestions to amend the special compensation in Maritime Law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：D996.19;D922.294

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