本文選題：合同　切入點：第三人利益合同　出處：《西北師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：第三人利益合同作為合同形式的一種，對于保護合同當事人尤其是利益第三人的權益具有十分重要的意義,大多數(shù)國家法律都對第三人利益合同制度予以接受和承認，很多國家都有具體明確的法律予以規(guī)制。目前我國民法以及合同法雖有關于第三人合同的提法，但只能算作“不真正意義上的第三人利益合同”，并沒有嚴格意義上的第三人利益合同的一般規(guī)則，導致合同當事人及其利益第三人的權益得不到應有的保護，在實踐中最直接的表現(xiàn)就在于利益第三人沒有直接請求權，由于請求權基礎無法確定而沒有權利獨立提起訴訟，也沒有權利獨立向債務人主張給付請求權，這就使得第三人的利益在很大程度上得不到任何保障。雖然在我國的一些單行法中如保險法、海商法等法規(guī)中，有認可第三人的受益權的規(guī)定，比如保險法中承認受益人的法律地位，使其作為第三人而享有收益權。但是這些零散的規(guī)定還遠遠不能滿足現(xiàn)實生活中紛繁復雜的第三人利益合同糾紛，建立符合我國當今社會發(fā)展的第三人利益合同制度，不僅能夠完善我國的合同法法律體系，為實踐中的第三人利益合同提供現(xiàn)實意義的執(zhí)行規(guī)范，填補我國第三人利益合同的制度漏洞，，而且對于第三人的利益保護和整體的私法秩序都具有十分重要的意義。 本文主要從第三人利益合同制度的發(fā)展歷史以及基本原理入手，并分析第三人利益合同在我國的立法現(xiàn)狀以及所存在的問題，通過現(xiàn)實案例以及所存在的問題的分析，提出建立符合我國現(xiàn)有私法體系的第三人利益合同制度，以期在今后的民事立法中能夠有所體現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:As a form of contract, the contract of interest of the third party is of great significance for the protection of the rights and interests of the parties to the contract, especially the interests of the third party. Most national laws accept and recognize the contract system of the interests of the third party. Many countries have specific and specific laws to regulate them. At present, although China's civil law and contract law have a reference to the third party contract, However, it can only be regarded as "the contract of interest of the third party in the non-real sense", and there are no general rules for the contract of the interests of the third party in the strict sense, which leads to the lack of due protection of the rights and interests of the parties to the contract and the interests of the third party. In practice, the most direct expression lies in the fact that the third party of interest has no direct right of claim, because the basis of the right of claim cannot be determined, so he has no right to initiate an action independently, nor does he have the right to claim the right of claim for payment to the debtor independently. This leaves the interests of the third party largely unprotected. Although in some special laws of our country, such as insurance law, maritime law and other regulations, there are provisions to recognize the beneficial rights of third parties. For example, the insurance law recognizes the legal status of the beneficiary and gives him the right to profit as a third party. However, these scattered provisions are far from satisfying the complicated contract disputes between the interests of the third party in real life. The establishment of the contract system of interest of the third party, which accords with the social development of our country, can not only perfect the legal system of contract law of our country, but also provide practical norms for the implementation of the contract of interest of the third party in practice. It is of great significance for the protection of the interests of the third party and the whole private law order to fill the loopholes in the system of contract for the interests of the third party in our country. This article mainly starts with the development history and basic principle of the third party interest contract system, and analyzes the legislation status and the existing problems of the third party interest contract in our country, through the actual case and the analysis of the existing problems. This paper puts forward the establishment of the contract system of the benefit of the third party in accordance with the existing private law system of our country, in the hope that it can be reflected in the civil legislation in the future.
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D923

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本文編號：1664008