本文選題：海事訴訟特別程序法　切入點：責(zé)任限制基金　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：英國著名法律改革家丹寧勛爵曾說：“責(zé)任限制制度并非法律問題,而是一項具有利益傾向性的海事公共政策�！焙Ｊ沦r償責(zé)任限制的政策性涉及三個問題：歷史起源；目前制度支撐的原因；未來發(fā)展趨勢。首先,該制度的起源是基于海運業(yè)的重大的風(fēng)險,為鼓勵商人投資海運業(yè),促進(jìn)本國海運事業(yè)的發(fā)展而對船舶責(zé)任主體利益的政策性保護(hù),其起源的政策性因素毋庸置疑。第二個問題的解決需要考量各國的海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度史,就我國而言,該制度起步較晚,發(fā)展歷程短,屬于移植法律制度,因此在立法意圖上受國際統(tǒng)一立法的影響較大。第三個問題,隨著海上保險業(yè)的發(fā)展,該制度是否有繼續(xù)在政策上傾向海運經(jīng)營者的必要?本文意在從海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的政策性入手,強調(diào)海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度設(shè)計的原則,即通過平衡海事事故各利害關(guān)系人的利益進(jìn)行完善。 該制度自地中海的《阿馬斐表》起,已有近千年的發(fā)展史。經(jīng)過上個世紀(jì)海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的的統(tǒng)一化趨勢后,主要形成了三大國際公約,由于各國利益的分歧,對三大國際公約的認(rèn)可程度不一,因此,各國在國內(nèi)法上對海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的規(guī)定也各有不同。我國的《海商法》及《海事訴訟特別程序法》以1976年公約為藍(lán)本,對該制度也做了相關(guān)規(guī)定,但是上有很多地方尚待補充和完善。 本文針對我國海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度中存在的問題進(jìn)行了研究,主要分為五章。 第一章介紹了海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的概念、產(chǎn)生原因、價值及歷史發(fā)展,肯定了海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度存在的價值。 第二章對海事責(zé)任限制的三個主要國際公約進(jìn)行介紹。 第三章評析了我國海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的現(xiàn)狀,主要包括實體和程序制度 第四章分析了我國海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度目前存在的缺陷,著重論述程序缺陷,包括責(zé)任限制程序的缺失、管轄混亂、確權(quán)之訴程序?qū)徖砑盎鹪O(shè)立程序中存在的責(zé)任限額及債權(quán)登記等幾個問題。針對這些問題,本文首先通過對責(zé)任限制程序的定性分析,以及現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)定的程序都不能解決責(zé)任限制之訴的問題,引出對責(zé)任限制程序是否成立獨立的確認(rèn)之訴的討論,目的在于通過對責(zé)任限制制度形成權(quán)的定性,為程序的合理設(shè)計指明方向,以保證實體權(quán)利的實現(xiàn)。 第五章作者提出了海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的程序設(shè)計需堅持實體法與程序法相結(jié)合,普通程序與特別程序相結(jié)合的原則。本章提出了制定一套專門的海事賠償責(zé)任限制程序的建議。
[Abstract]:Lord Denning, a famous British legal reformer, once said, "the limitation of liability is not a legal issue, but a public policy with an interest tendency." the policy of limitation of liability for maritime claims involves three issues: the origin of history; First of all, the origin of the system is based on the major risks of the shipping industry, in order to encourage businessmen to invest in the shipping industry, There is no doubt about the policy factors of the origin of the policy protection of the interests of the main body of ship liability in order to promote the development of the shipping industry in our country. The solution of the second problem needs to consider the history of the limitation system of maritime liability of various countries. As far as our country is concerned, The system starts relatively late and has a short history of development, so it belongs to the transplanted legal system, so it is greatly influenced by international uniform legislation in terms of legislative intent. The third problem, with the development of the marine insurance industry, Is there a need for the regime to continue to favour maritime operators in policy? This article intends to start with the policy of the limitation system of maritime claims liability, and emphasizes the principle of the design of the limitation system of maritime claims liability, that is, by balancing the interests of all interested parties in maritime accidents. After the unification of the liability limitation system for maritime claims in 0th century, three major international conventions were formed, due to the differences of interests of various countries. The degree of approval of the three major international conventions is different, therefore, the provisions of the limitation system of maritime claims liability in the domestic law are different. The Maritime Law and the Special procedure Law of Maritime Proceedings of our country are based on the 1976 Convention. The system has also made relevant provisions, but there are many areas to be supplemented and improved. This paper studies the problems existing in the limitation system of maritime claims liability in China, which is divided into five chapters. The first chapter introduces the concept, causes, value and historical development of the limitation system of maritime claims liability, and affirms the value of the limitation system of maritime claims liability. Chapter two introduces the three main international conventions on the limitation of maritime liability. The third chapter analyzes the current situation of the limitation system of maritime claims liability in China, mainly including the substantive and procedural system. The fourth chapter analyzes the defects of the limitation system of maritime claims liability in our country, focusing on the procedural defects, including the lack of liability limitation procedures and the confusion of jurisdiction. There are several problems such as limitation of liability and registration of creditor's rights in the procedure of suing and establishing fund. In view of these problems, this paper firstly analyzes the procedure of limitation of liability qualitatively. And the procedure provided by the current law can not solve the problem of liability limitation litigation, which leads to the discussion of whether the liability limitation procedure is an independent confirmation action, the purpose of which is to define the right to form the liability limitation system. In order to ensure the realization of substantive rights, it points out the direction for the reasonable design of the program. In Chapter 5th, the author points out that the procedure design of the limitation system of maritime liability should insist on the combination of substantive law and procedural law. The principle of combining ordinary procedures with special procedures. This chapter proposes a special procedure for limiting liability for maritime claims.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.294

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