本文關(guān)鍵詞： 海盜贖金 共同海損 保險賠付　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近幾年，國際遠(yuǎn)洋運輸在得到大力發(fā)展的同時也面臨著愈發(fā)猖獗的海盜劫持風(fēng)險。其中，尤以索馬里海盜為首，在亞丁灣、紅海海域不停襲擊過往船舶，劫持船貨甚至船員。索馬里海盜有不同于傳統(tǒng)海盜和當(dāng)代東南亞地區(qū)海盜的特點，他們通常以船員為人質(zhì)，或者劫持船貨以威脅船東支付贖金，只要船東支付滿意的贖金他們一般不傷害人質(zhì)，也不損壞船舶與貨物。在此前提下，船東支付的贖金一方面挽救了船、貨甚至人命的損失，，另一方面也是船東額外支出的費用。海盜贖金的性質(zhì)在學(xué)界一直尚存爭議，而性質(zhì)界定的不明確也會影響到其在海上保險領(lǐng)域的損失賠付。本文試圖從索馬里海盜贖金的特征著手，理清贖金在海商法視角下的性質(zhì)歸屬，繼而辨明贖金支付的責(zé)任主體以及保險賠付的應(yīng)對之策。本文除去引言與結(jié)論部分之外，主要分為三個章節(jié)。 第一章是海盜和海盜贖金的概述。從海盜的歷史淵源引出索馬里海盜的形成特點，及索馬里海盜贖金新的特征。 第二章是本文的主體部分，主要探討索馬里海盜贖金的性質(zhì)歸屬。在可以支付贖金的前提下，海盜贖金的性質(zhì)從定性和定量兩個角度展開，其中定性分析通過比較單獨海損、海難救助和共同海損三種學(xué)說的概念及構(gòu)成要件，認(rèn)為海盜贖金應(yīng)當(dāng)納入共同海損范疇；在定量分析部分，歸納了贖金支付的三大類主體及其相應(yīng)的責(zé)任。 第三章是海盜風(fēng)險和贖金能否由保險賠付的探討。該部分著重論述海盜贖金能否由現(xiàn)有的海上保險賠付以及國內(nèi)外相關(guān)立法和實踐做法對中國的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, while international ocean transportation has been vigorously developed, it is also facing the increasingly rampant risk of piracy hijacking. Among them, Somali pirates are the leading ones, and in the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea sea has been constantly attacking passing ships. Hijacking ship cargo or even crew. Somali pirates are different from traditional pirates and contemporary Southeast Asian pirates by taking their crew hostage or by hijacking cargo to threaten shipowners to pay ransom. As long as shipowners pay satisfactory ransoms, they generally do not harm hostages, nor do they damage ships and cargo. On the one hand, the ransom paid by shipowners saves ships, cargo and even human lives. On the other hand, it is also the cost of additional expenses for shipowners. The nature of pirate ransoms remains controversial in academia. The unclear definition of nature will also affect its loss payment in the field of marine insurance. This paper attempts to clarify the nature of ransom in the maritime law perspective from the characteristics of Somali pirates ransoms. Besides the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is an overview of pirates and pirate ransoms. The formation characteristics of Somali pirates and the new characteristics of Somali pirates ransoms are derived from the historical origin of pirates. The second chapter is the main part of this paper, mainly discusses the nature of Somali pirates ransom attribution. Under the premise that the ransom can be paid, the nature of pirate ransom is carried out from both qualitative and quantitative angles, among which the qualitative analysis is carried out through a comparison of individual average. In the part of quantitative analysis, the author sums up the three main categories of ransom payment and their corresponding responsibilities. The third chapter discusses whether the pirate risk and ransom can be paid by insurance. This part mainly discusses whether the pirate ransom can be paid by the existing marine insurance as well as the significance of domestic and foreign legislation and practice to China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D997.9

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本文編號：1546343