【摘要】：我國現(xiàn)行法律嚴(yán)禁宅基地單獨(dú)進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)流轉(zhuǎn),但近年來城鎮(zhèn)居民和農(nóng)村居民的可支配收入進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大,農(nóng)民掌握的資源也越來越不平等,在未建立完善的農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障體系之前,土地確實(shí)是農(nóng)民賴以生存的根本,且隨著農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的深入,宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)早已暗流涌動(dòng)。在當(dāng)前形勢(shì)下允許宅基地進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)流轉(zhuǎn)不僅是時(shí)代潮流和法治精神的必然要求,也是妥善解決宅基地流轉(zhuǎn)糾紛、構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)資源優(yōu)化配置的要求。本文結(jié)合國情和現(xiàn)狀,說明宅基地使用權(quán)的概念、特征及產(chǎn)權(quán)性質(zhì),闡述宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的必要性,通過法律現(xiàn)狀和司法現(xiàn)狀分析存在的問題,隨后結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)實(shí)和當(dāng)前宅基地相關(guān)法律規(guī)制中的不足提出宅基地的法律規(guī)制建議,文章主要分為四大部分。第一部分,主要闡述宅基地、宅基地使用權(quán)及其流轉(zhuǎn)的概念、特征,以表明其物權(quán)屬性和權(quán)利類型。再通過對(duì)學(xué)界關(guān)于宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的不同學(xué)說的闡述加以分析和對(duì)比,權(quán)衡出最合理的對(duì)宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的態(tài)度——限制流轉(zhuǎn)。從而闡述宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)必要性。第二部分,結(jié)合目前宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的實(shí)際情況,以及2015年以來我國在全國各地展開的試點(diǎn)展開試點(diǎn)的政策,闡述我國農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的立法現(xiàn)狀,并通過兩個(gè)具體案例分析,闡述我國宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的司法現(xiàn)狀。第三部分,分析我國宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)存在的問題。一是農(nóng)村宅基地空置率較高,流轉(zhuǎn)又被禁止;二是農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)私下流轉(zhuǎn)難以監(jiān)管,糾紛解決無法律依據(jù);三是農(nóng)村宅基地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度不健全;四是政策落后制約農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)。第四部分,提出農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的法律思考。一是改進(jìn)宅基地申請(qǐng)制度,加強(qiáng)宅基地登記制度,健全宅基地收回制度;二是建立完整的宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的法律體系;三是完善農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的管理監(jiān)督機(jī)制;做好農(nóng)村宅基地使用權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)配套銜接工作。
[Abstract]:The current law of our country strictly forbids homestead to enter the market circulation alone, but in recent years, the disposable income of urban residents and rural residents has been further expanded, and the resources held by farmers have become more and more unequal. Before the establishment of a perfect rural social security system, land is indeed the foundation on which farmers depend for their survival, and with the deepening of the reform of the rural economic system, the circulation of the right to use homestead has already surging undercurrent. Under the current situation, allowing homestead to enter the market circulation is not only the inevitable requirement of the trend of the times and the spirit of the rule of law, but also the requirement of properly solving the disputes of homestead circulation, building a harmonious society and realizing the optimal allocation of resources. Combined with the national conditions and present situation, this paper explains the concept, characteristics and property right nature of the right to use the homestead, expounds the necessity of the circulation of the right to the use of the homestead, analyzes the existing problems through the analysis of the current legal situation and judicial situation, and then puts forward some suggestions on the legal regulation of the homestead according to the reality of our country and the shortcomings of the current legal regulation of the homestead. The article is mainly divided into four parts. The first part mainly expounds the concept and characteristics of homestead, the right to use homestead and its circulation, in order to show its real right attribute and right type. Then through the analysis and comparison of different theories on the circulation of the right to the use of homestead, the most reasonable attitude to the circulation of the right to use the homestead is weighed. In order to explain the necessity of the circulation of the right to use homestead. The second part, combined with the actual situation of the circulation of the right to use the homestead, as well as the pilot policy carried out in various parts of the country since 2015, expounds the current legislative situation of the circulation of the right to the use of the rural homestead in our country, and expounds the judicial status of the circulation of the right to the use of the homestead in our country through two specific cases. The third part analyzes the problems existing in the circulation of the right to use homestead in our country. First, the vacancy rate of rural homestead is high, and the circulation is prohibited; second, the private circulation of rural homestead use right is difficult to supervise, and there is no legal basis for dispute settlement; third, the rural homestead property right system is not perfect; fourth, the policy backwardness restricts the circulation of rural homestead use right. The fourth part puts forward the legal thinking of the circulation of the right to use rural homestead. First, improve the homestead application system, strengthen the homestead registration system, improve the homestead recovery system; second, establish a complete legal system of the circulation of the right to use the homestead; third, improve the management and supervision mechanism of the circulation of the right to use the rural homestead; do a good job in the matching work of the circulation of the right to use the rural homestead.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.2

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