【摘要】：微型博客簡稱微博,它是為用戶提供分享信息、獲取信息服務(wù)的社交媒介,由于微博上的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)、評論、收藏、點(diǎn)贊等功能使微博的信息傳播速度超越于其他媒介。近年來更多用戶選擇微博這一新穎媒介來傳遞信息、讀取信息,它甚至成為了很多人生活中不可缺少的一部分。而微博上的侵權(quán)事件也時(shí)有發(fā)生,據(jù)調(diào)查在微博中的侵權(quán)大多數(shù)為人格權(quán)侵權(quán),且比其他環(huán)境中的侵權(quán)更易發(fā)生、更加復(fù)雜。當(dāng)我們隨心所欲的在微博上發(fā)布信息、評論人或事時(shí)可能就會(huì)侵犯他人的人格權(quán),加之微博驚人的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)量和傳播速度、受眾性廣等特點(diǎn)使這種侵權(quán)在微博中擴(kuò)大,后果也更加嚴(yán)重。微博是實(shí)現(xiàn)言論自由權(quán)的最佳場所,卻也是侵權(quán)發(fā)生的最頻繁場所。如果對微博環(huán)境中的言論自由不加以限制,只會(huì)造成一部分人享有自由大部分人喪失人格權(quán)的后果發(fā)生,微博環(huán)境將變得更加混亂不堪。而如今我國在網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面的立法、司法還不夠完善,對于微博這種新興媒介中發(fā)生的侵權(quán)更是沒有具體的法律依據(jù)。目前對于微博侵權(quán)的案件只能參照憲法、刑法、民法通則或侵權(quán)法中的個(gè)別條例來判決,而這些法律中對于人格權(quán)沒有確切的規(guī)定,有必要在人格權(quán)法之中加上網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)的規(guī)定。對于微博這類網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境的規(guī)制需要從立法、行政法、司法等各方面做出具體規(guī)定,使我們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)侵權(quán)立法體系更加完善。除了法律法規(guī)方面的措施,還需要微博行業(yè)內(nèi)簽訂行業(yè)協(xié)議實(shí)現(xiàn)自我管理、自我約束的辦法,建立起行業(yè)自律制度。在微博用戶管理方面,文中提倡實(shí)行微博后臺實(shí)名制,用實(shí)名注冊的辦法管理好微博用戶,維護(hù)用戶的權(quán)益。除此之外還應(yīng)提高我國的國民上網(wǎng)素質(zhì),從根本上解決微博侵權(quán)的法律問題。 本文以微博侵犯人格權(quán)這一侵權(quán)問題為視角,在正文中首先介紹了微博的來歷,在中國的發(fā)展,其次分析出微博、微博人格權(quán)及微博侵權(quán)的概念和特點(diǎn)。通過介紹微博侵犯人格權(quán)的基本概念、特點(diǎn)從而引起大家對微博侵犯人格權(quán)的重視。接著分析了微博侵犯人格權(quán)的構(gòu)成要素和責(zé)任承擔(dān)問題,對此類侵權(quán)案件的構(gòu)成做了詳細(xì)的介紹。文章第四部分總結(jié)了我國關(guān)于微博侵犯人格權(quán)的立法、司法現(xiàn)狀從而得出了我國在此類侵權(quán)問題方面的欠缺與不足。通過最后介紹國外的立法、司法經(jīng)驗(yàn)給我國的啟發(fā)及憑借多方調(diào)查了解提出了對我國微博侵犯人格權(quán)法律規(guī)制方面的一些個(gè)人建議。
[Abstract]:Micro blog for short Weibo, it is to provide users with information sharing, access to information services of social media, Weibo due to the forwarding, comments, collections, likes and other functions, Weibo's information dissemination speed beyond other media. In recent years, more and more users choose Weibo as a novel medium to transmit information and read information. It has even become an indispensable part of many people's lives. Weibo also happens frequently, according to the investigation of Weibo in most of the infringement of personality rights, and more prone to occur than other environment infringement, more complex. When we publish information on Weibo at will and comment on people or things, we may infringe on the personal rights of others, plus Weibo's amazing volume of re-distribution and speed of transmission, and the wide audience, and so on, so that the infringement of this kind of infringement is expanded in Weibo. The consequences are even more serious. Weibo is the best place to realize the right to freedom of expression, but it is also the most frequent place where infringement occurs. If the freedom of speech in Weibo's environment is not restricted, the Weibo environment will become even more chaotic if only some people enjoy freedom and most people lose their right to personality. At present, the legislation of network in our country is not perfect enough, and there is no concrete legal basis for the infringement of Weibo as a new medium. At present, Weibo's infringement cases can only be judged by reference to the Constitution, criminal law, general principles of civil law or individual regulations in the tort law, but there is no definite provision in these laws for the right of personality. It is necessary to add the provisions of network infringement in the law of personality. The regulation of this kind of network environment such as Weibo needs to make specific regulations from the aspects of legislation, administrative law, judicature and so on, so as to make our legislation system of network tort more perfect. In addition to the measures of laws and regulations, it is also necessary for Weibo to sign trade agreements to achieve self-management and self-restraint, and to establish a self-discipline system in the industry. In the aspect of Weibo's user management, the article advocates the implementation of Weibo backstage real-name system, the method of real-name registration to manage Weibo users, and safeguard the rights and interests of users. In addition, we should improve our national quality of Internet access and fundamentally solve the legal problems of Weibo's infringement. From the perspective of Weibo's infringement of personality right, this paper first introduces Weibo's origin and development in China, and then analyzes the concepts and characteristics of Weibo, Weibo and Weibo tort. By introducing the basic concept of Weibo's violation of the right of personality, the characteristics of the violation of the right of personality caused by Weibo attention to the violation of the right to personality. Then it analyzes the constituent elements and liability of Weibo's infringement of personality right, and makes a detailed introduction to the constitution of this kind of infringement case. The fourth part of the article summarizes the legislation of Weibo's infringement of personality right, and the judicial situation, so as to draw a conclusion of the deficiency and deficiency of this kind of infringement in our country. Finally, through introducing foreign legislation and judicial experience, the author puts forward some personal suggestions on the legal regulation of Weibo's violation of personality right in our country by virtue of multi-party investigation and understanding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923

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