數(shù)字化背景下公共借閱權的制度設計
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-20 08:37
【摘要】：早在19世紀,公共圖書館伴隨歐洲各國經濟和科技的迅猛發(fā)展而日漸完備;同時由于人們法律意識的不斷增強,公共圖書館的公共借閱行為與著作權人之間產生了利益沖突。隨著矛盾的不斷激化與社會文明的進步,20世紀初有學者提出了“公共圖書館外借圖書應向作者支付報酬”的建議。后來丹麥率先實行了公共借閱補償金制度,迄今為止,全球至少有50個國家在其法律體系中承認公共借閱權制度。由于地域和國情差異,我國至今尚未在立法層面對公共借閱權制度進行規(guī)定,但早在80年代初就有學者對此進行過探討。后來隨著我國加入世界貿易組織,簽署《與貿易有關的知識產權協(xié)定》,頒布和實施《信息網絡傳播權保護條例》,我國進入了公共借閱權制度研究的新時期。當代中國經濟和高新技術發(fā)展位于全球前列,數(shù)字圖書館應運而生,并且得到快速的普及。作為高新信息技術的產物,數(shù)字圖書館不同于傳統(tǒng)的普通公共圖書館,其信息載體形式多樣化,公眾借閱方式網絡化,這就很容易侵害著作權人的信息網絡傳播權及其他著作財產權,給著作權人造成極大的經濟利益損害,從而使我國急需一個合理的制度來保護著作權人的利益。無論圖書館界、出版界還是法律界都在尋找一個雙贏的機制,在維持數(shù)字圖書館作為公共圖書館的公益性的同時,合理補償著作權人的利益損失。數(shù)字圖書館界和著作權人在電子數(shù)字資源借閱問題上爭議的核心是如何建立一個合理的數(shù)字圖書館借閱制度,以適應科技發(fā)展所帶來的變化。這個新制度的核心首先是確保社會公眾具有閱讀的平等機會,同時也應確保電子資源市場的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,以我國著作權制度的現(xiàn)有狀況為基礎,施行公共借閱權制度來解決數(shù)字圖書館發(fā)展過程中愈演愈烈的著作權層面的糾紛,是一個非常值得研究的問題。全文共分四大部分:第一部分,公共借閱權制度的發(fā)展和國內外研究現(xiàn)狀。主要論述公共借閱權制度在歐洲的產生歷程及在國內外的發(fā)展情況,闡述了國外對公共借閱權制度的立法類型和研究特點以及在國內對該制度所持的不同觀點和研究成果。第二部分,在我國難以建立公共借閱權制度的原因。從著作權人、公共圖書館、版權管理機構、法律構建和支持資金等方面對我國難以建立公共借閱權制度的原因進行分析。第三部分,數(shù)字圖書館及數(shù)字化背景下建立公共借閱權制度的意義。這一部分首先論述了數(shù)字圖書館的特點、設立的意義以及公共借閱行為與著作權人之間的利益沖突,然后論述在數(shù)字化背景下建立的意義。第四部分,數(shù)字化背景下在我國實施公共借閱權制度的可行性分析及制度設計。分別從技術、經濟、法律等方面對在我國實行公共借閱權制度的可行性進行了分析,最后提出了在我國建立公共借閱權制度的建議。
[Abstract]:As early as the 19th century, with the rapid development of economy and science and technology in European countries, public libraries became more and more complete. At the same time, the public borrowing behavior of public libraries and copyright owners had a conflict of interest due to the increasing legal consciousness of people. With the incessant intensification of contradictions and the progress of social civilization, at the beginning of the 20th century, some scholars put forward the suggestion that "the author should be paid for the books borrowed from the public library". Denmark later took the lead in implementing the public loan compensation system. So far, at least 50 countries in the world have recognized the public borrowing right system in their legal systems. Because of the difference between regions and national conditions, our country has not yet regulated the system of public borrowing right at the legislative level, but as early as the early 1980s, some scholars have discussed it. Later, with China's accession to the World Trade Organization, the signing of the Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights and the promulgation and implementation of the regulations on the Protection of Information Network Communication Rights, China entered a new period of research on the system of public borrowing rights. The development of modern Chinese economy and high-tech is in the forefront of the world, digital library arises at the historic moment, and has been popularized rapidly. As the product of high and new information technology, digital library is different from the traditional public library. Its information carrier forms are diversified, and the public borrowing mode is networked. It is easy to infringe upon the copyright owner's right to disseminate information on the network and other property rights of works, thus causing great damage to the economic interests of the copyright owner, thus making our country in urgent need of a reasonable system to protect the interests of the copyright owner. No matter the library, the publishing or the law are looking for a win-win mechanism, while maintaining the public welfare of the digital library as a public library, the interests of the copyright owners can be reasonably compensated. The core of the controversy between the digital library and copyright owners in the issue of electronic digital resources borrowing is how to establish a reasonable digital library borrowing system to adapt to the changes brought about by the development of science and technology. The core of the new system is to ensure that the public have equal opportunities to read, and to ensure the sustainable development of the electronic resource market. Therefore, based on the present situation of the copyright system in China, it is worth studying to implement the public borrowing right system to solve the disputes on the copyright level in the development of digital library. The paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the development of public borrowing right system and domestic and foreign research status. This paper mainly discusses the emergence of the public borrowing right system in Europe and its development at home and abroad, and expounds the legislative types and research characteristics of the public borrowing right system abroad, as well as the different viewpoints and research results of the public borrowing right system in China. The second part, the reason why it is difficult to establish the public borrowing right system in our country. From the aspects of copyright owners, public libraries, copyright management agencies, legal construction and supporting funds, this paper analyzes the reasons why it is difficult to establish the system of public borrowing right in China. The third part, the significance of establishing public borrowing right system under the background of digital library and digitization. This part first discusses the characteristics of the digital library, the significance of its establishment and the conflict of interest between the public borrowing behavior and the copyright owner, and then discusses the significance of the establishment under the digital background. The fourth part, the feasibility analysis and system design of implementing the public borrowing right system in our country under the digital background. This paper analyzes the feasibility of implementing the public borrowing right system in China from the aspects of technology, economy and law, and finally puts forward some suggestions for establishing the public borrowing right system in our country.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.4;D997
本文編號：2427012
[Abstract]:As early as the 19th century, with the rapid development of economy and science and technology in European countries, public libraries became more and more complete. At the same time, the public borrowing behavior of public libraries and copyright owners had a conflict of interest due to the increasing legal consciousness of people. With the incessant intensification of contradictions and the progress of social civilization, at the beginning of the 20th century, some scholars put forward the suggestion that "the author should be paid for the books borrowed from the public library". Denmark later took the lead in implementing the public loan compensation system. So far, at least 50 countries in the world have recognized the public borrowing right system in their legal systems. Because of the difference between regions and national conditions, our country has not yet regulated the system of public borrowing right at the legislative level, but as early as the early 1980s, some scholars have discussed it. Later, with China's accession to the World Trade Organization, the signing of the Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights and the promulgation and implementation of the regulations on the Protection of Information Network Communication Rights, China entered a new period of research on the system of public borrowing rights. The development of modern Chinese economy and high-tech is in the forefront of the world, digital library arises at the historic moment, and has been popularized rapidly. As the product of high and new information technology, digital library is different from the traditional public library. Its information carrier forms are diversified, and the public borrowing mode is networked. It is easy to infringe upon the copyright owner's right to disseminate information on the network and other property rights of works, thus causing great damage to the economic interests of the copyright owner, thus making our country in urgent need of a reasonable system to protect the interests of the copyright owner. No matter the library, the publishing or the law are looking for a win-win mechanism, while maintaining the public welfare of the digital library as a public library, the interests of the copyright owners can be reasonably compensated. The core of the controversy between the digital library and copyright owners in the issue of electronic digital resources borrowing is how to establish a reasonable digital library borrowing system to adapt to the changes brought about by the development of science and technology. The core of the new system is to ensure that the public have equal opportunities to read, and to ensure the sustainable development of the electronic resource market. Therefore, based on the present situation of the copyright system in China, it is worth studying to implement the public borrowing right system to solve the disputes on the copyright level in the development of digital library. The paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the development of public borrowing right system and domestic and foreign research status. This paper mainly discusses the emergence of the public borrowing right system in Europe and its development at home and abroad, and expounds the legislative types and research characteristics of the public borrowing right system abroad, as well as the different viewpoints and research results of the public borrowing right system in China. The second part, the reason why it is difficult to establish the public borrowing right system in our country. From the aspects of copyright owners, public libraries, copyright management agencies, legal construction and supporting funds, this paper analyzes the reasons why it is difficult to establish the system of public borrowing right in China. The third part, the significance of establishing public borrowing right system under the background of digital library and digitization. This part first discusses the characteristics of the digital library, the significance of its establishment and the conflict of interest between the public borrowing behavior and the copyright owner, and then discusses the significance of the establishment under the digital background. The fourth part, the feasibility analysis and system design of implementing the public borrowing right system in our country under the digital background. This paper analyzes the feasibility of implementing the public borrowing right system in China from the aspects of technology, economy and law, and finally puts forward some suggestions for establishing the public borrowing right system in our country.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.4;D997
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