我國(guó)金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)法律制度研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-23 13:05
【摘要】：二十一世紀(jì)已經(jīng)開啟第十五年的漫漫長(zhǎng)路,在過去這十幾年里,金融業(yè)飛速發(fā)展,許多國(guó)家的民眾都自覺不自覺地“被金融化”,成為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)金融化中最為基礎(chǔ)的力量。但作為金字塔底層的金融消費(fèi)者,其所代表的利益群體正逐漸崛起,成為新時(shí)期金融業(yè)中最為重要的力量,但是面對(duì)資本市場(chǎng)中無處不在的金融壟斷利益,金融消費(fèi)者作為相對(duì)弱勢(shì)的一方,其利益并未得到金融機(jī)構(gòu)、金融監(jiān)管部門的足夠重視,以致最終發(fā)生例如2007年始于美國(guó)的次貸金融危機(jī)。目前,各個(gè)國(guó)家基于金融危機(jī)而完善起來的對(duì)金融行業(yè)的強(qiáng)化監(jiān)管以及對(duì)金融消費(fèi)者的權(quán)利保護(hù)法律體系,已經(jīng)成為各個(gè)國(guó)家當(dāng)前金融消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展的護(hù)身符,并逐步深入各國(guó)的金融監(jiān)管理念以及實(shí)踐之中。其中,金融消費(fèi)者法律保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)相對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家,包括英國(guó)、美國(guó)等,在2010年左右分別通過立法設(shè)立了全新的金融消費(fèi)者保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)——金融行為監(jiān)管局和消費(fèi)者金融保護(hù)局,賦予了該類機(jī)構(gòu)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的職能和權(quán)力,為金融消費(fèi)者保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)獨(dú)立作出判斷和決定奠定了基礎(chǔ)。同時(shí),上述發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家進(jìn)一步完善了金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)利侵害保護(hù)救濟(jì)的機(jī)制,使得金融消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益得到更為周密的保護(hù),為金融業(yè)整裝出發(fā)作了充分的制度保障。在二十一世紀(jì)轟轟烈烈的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)金融化的背景下,我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融行業(yè)同樣無法讓自己置身事外。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)金融改革進(jìn)入深水區(qū),金融業(yè)隨著改革的推進(jìn)也必然從最初不斷量化積累到質(zhì)的飛躍,從而進(jìn)入金融業(yè)以及國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展的重要時(shí)期。而此時(shí),隨著我國(guó)金融管制的逐步放開,金融機(jī)構(gòu)之間的合作進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng),金融創(chuàng)新和金融新產(chǎn)品將隨著合作的深入逐步如雨后春筍般崛起,并逐步滲透至我國(guó)民眾的日常生活,成為我國(guó)初期金融業(yè)發(fā)展的忠實(shí)支持者。但面對(duì)金融產(chǎn)品的信息極度不對(duì)稱、我國(guó)金融機(jī)構(gòu)在銷售金融產(chǎn)品過程中的過度兜售行為以及目前我國(guó)金融行業(yè)的高度壟斷特性,金融機(jī)構(gòu)侵害金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益的可能性將急劇上升,成為新時(shí)期我國(guó)金融行業(yè)發(fā)展過程中面臨的重要問題,因此,金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益的法律保護(hù)必然成為我國(guó)下一步金融改革的重要工作之一。面對(duì)我國(guó)金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)的法律體系,作者認(rèn)為仍然需要從如下幾個(gè)方面作出更為全面的完善,包括確立金融消費(fèi)者傾斜保護(hù)、適度保護(hù)及民事保護(hù)的原則、建立對(duì)于金融機(jī)構(gòu)的約束性機(jī)制、實(shí)現(xiàn)金融消費(fèi)者法律保護(hù)手段的多元化和實(shí)踐性以及推動(dòng)金融消費(fèi)者保護(hù)的機(jī)構(gòu)改革立法。上述這些措施的采取必然從一定程度上緩解我國(guó)金融消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域發(fā)展過程中對(duì)金融消費(fèi)者的權(quán)利侵害現(xiàn)狀,為我國(guó)金融消費(fèi)業(yè)的發(fā)展、金融創(chuàng)新推進(jìn)奠定良好的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The 21 century has already begun the 15th century long road, in the past ten years, the financial industry developed rapidly, many countries people are consciously "financialized", become the most basic force in the global economic financialization. However, as the financial consumers at the bottom of the pyramid, the interest groups represented by them are gradually rising and becoming the most important force in the financial industry in the new period, but facing the financial monopoly interests that are everywhere in the capital market, As a relatively weak party, the interests of financial consumers have not been paid enough attention by financial institutions and financial regulators, so that the financial crisis, such as the subprime mortgage crisis that began in the United States in 2007, finally occurred. At present, the legal system of strengthening supervision over the financial industry and protecting the rights of financial consumers, which has been perfected by various countries based on the financial crisis, has become a talisman for the current development of financial consumption in various countries. And gradually go deep into the concept and practice of financial supervision in various countries. Among them, countries with relatively developed legal protection traditions for financial consumers, including the United Kingdom and the United States, respectively established a new financial consumer protection agency, the Financial Conduct Supervision Bureau and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, through legislation around 2010. This kind of institution is endowed with relatively independent functions and powers, which lays the foundation for independent judgment and decision of financial consumer protection organization. At the same time, the above developed countries have further improved the mechanism of financial consumer rights infringement protection and relief, so that the financial consumers' rights and interests have been more carefully protected, which has made a full system guarantee for the financial industry as a whole. Under the background of the world economy financialization in the 21 century, China's economic and financial industry can not keep itself out of the world. With the economic and financial reform of our country entering deep water area, the financial industry is bound to accumulate from the initial quantification to the qualitative leap, thus entering the important period of the rapid development of the financial industry and the national economy. At this time, with the gradual liberalization of financial controls in our country and the further enhancement of cooperation among financial institutions, financial innovation and new financial products will rise gradually with the deepening of cooperation. And gradually infiltrated into the daily life of our people, become a faithful supporter of the development of the financial industry in the early stage of our country. However, in the face of the extremely asymmetric information of financial products, the excessive peddling of financial institutions in the process of selling financial products in our country and the high monopoly characteristics of the financial industry in our country at present. The possibility of financial institutions infringing on the rights and interests of financial consumers will rise sharply, which will become an important issue in the development of our financial industry in the new period. The legal protection of the rights and interests of financial consumers must become one of the important work of the next financial reform in our country. In the face of the legal system of protecting the rights and interests of financial consumers in China, the author thinks that it is still necessary to make more comprehensive improvement from the following aspects, including establishing the principles of financial consumer protection, moderate protection and civil protection. To establish a binding mechanism for financial institutions, to realize the diversification and practicality of legal protection means of financial consumers, and to promote the institutional reform of legislation for the protection of financial consumers. The adoption of these measures is bound to alleviate to a certain extent the current situation of infringement of the rights of financial consumers in the development process of financial consumption in China, and lay a good foundation for the development of financial consumption industry and the promotion of financial innovation in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.8
本文編號(hào)：2289335
[Abstract]:The 21 century has already begun the 15th century long road, in the past ten years, the financial industry developed rapidly, many countries people are consciously "financialized", become the most basic force in the global economic financialization. However, as the financial consumers at the bottom of the pyramid, the interest groups represented by them are gradually rising and becoming the most important force in the financial industry in the new period, but facing the financial monopoly interests that are everywhere in the capital market, As a relatively weak party, the interests of financial consumers have not been paid enough attention by financial institutions and financial regulators, so that the financial crisis, such as the subprime mortgage crisis that began in the United States in 2007, finally occurred. At present, the legal system of strengthening supervision over the financial industry and protecting the rights of financial consumers, which has been perfected by various countries based on the financial crisis, has become a talisman for the current development of financial consumption in various countries. And gradually go deep into the concept and practice of financial supervision in various countries. Among them, countries with relatively developed legal protection traditions for financial consumers, including the United Kingdom and the United States, respectively established a new financial consumer protection agency, the Financial Conduct Supervision Bureau and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, through legislation around 2010. This kind of institution is endowed with relatively independent functions and powers, which lays the foundation for independent judgment and decision of financial consumer protection organization. At the same time, the above developed countries have further improved the mechanism of financial consumer rights infringement protection and relief, so that the financial consumers' rights and interests have been more carefully protected, which has made a full system guarantee for the financial industry as a whole. Under the background of the world economy financialization in the 21 century, China's economic and financial industry can not keep itself out of the world. With the economic and financial reform of our country entering deep water area, the financial industry is bound to accumulate from the initial quantification to the qualitative leap, thus entering the important period of the rapid development of the financial industry and the national economy. At this time, with the gradual liberalization of financial controls in our country and the further enhancement of cooperation among financial institutions, financial innovation and new financial products will rise gradually with the deepening of cooperation. And gradually infiltrated into the daily life of our people, become a faithful supporter of the development of the financial industry in the early stage of our country. However, in the face of the extremely asymmetric information of financial products, the excessive peddling of financial institutions in the process of selling financial products in our country and the high monopoly characteristics of the financial industry in our country at present. The possibility of financial institutions infringing on the rights and interests of financial consumers will rise sharply, which will become an important issue in the development of our financial industry in the new period. The legal protection of the rights and interests of financial consumers must become one of the important work of the next financial reform in our country. In the face of the legal system of protecting the rights and interests of financial consumers in China, the author thinks that it is still necessary to make more comprehensive improvement from the following aspects, including establishing the principles of financial consumer protection, moderate protection and civil protection. To establish a binding mechanism for financial institutions, to realize the diversification and practicality of legal protection means of financial consumers, and to promote the institutional reform of legislation for the protection of financial consumers. The adoption of these measures is bound to alleviate to a certain extent the current situation of infringement of the rights of financial consumers in the development process of financial consumption in China, and lay a good foundation for the development of financial consumption industry and the promotion of financial innovation in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D923.8
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