【摘要】：生育問(wèn)題本屬于人之本能,而目前高超的生命科學(xué)和醫(yī)療技術(shù)水平,能夠幫助人們借助醫(yī)學(xué)來(lái)做選擇,以達(dá)到優(yōu)生優(yōu)育。然而在實(shí)踐中,孕期檢查這一項(xiàng)高新的醫(yī)學(xué)科技在造福人類的同時(shí)也孕育出新的法律問(wèn)題。孕婦在產(chǎn)前檢查的過(guò)程中,由于醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的過(guò)失未能及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)孕婦腹中的胎兒存在畸形或其他嚴(yán)重殘疾,孕婦由此未能及時(shí)行使選擇墮胎的決定權(quán)而導(dǎo)致先天殘疾(或缺陷)兒童出生,缺陷(或殘疾)新生兒家庭為了維護(hù)自己的合法權(quán)益,往往會(huì)要求醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行賠償,從而產(chǎn)生“錯(cuò)誤出生”損害賠償之訴�，F(xiàn)行法律對(duì)上述糾紛尚未作出明確規(guī)定,實(shí)務(wù)中的處理也各執(zhí)一詞,未能形成一致,因此,文章主要對(duì)錯(cuò)誤出生中頗具爭(zhēng)議的三個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行討論。本文共分為五個(gè)部分,通過(guò)案例分析法、比較法以及實(shí)證研究法等方法進(jìn)行分析。其中第一部分通過(guò)一個(gè)典型案例,引出“錯(cuò)誤出生”產(chǎn)生的三個(gè)爭(zhēng)議問(wèn)題,歸納爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn);第二部分為“錯(cuò)誤出生”的基本概述,首先介紹“錯(cuò)誤出生”的來(lái)源和概念,接著分析“錯(cuò)誤出生”與相關(guān)概念“錯(cuò)誤生命”、“錯(cuò)誤懷孕”、“醫(yī)療事故”的區(qū)別,從而對(duì)“錯(cuò)誤出生”能有一個(gè)清晰準(zhǔn)確的認(rèn)識(shí),這也是本文的研究基礎(chǔ)。第三、四、五部分分析由案例引出的“錯(cuò)誤出生”在實(shí)踐中的爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn);第三部分分析“錯(cuò)誤出生”損害賠償?shù)恼?qǐng)求權(quán)基礎(chǔ),分別從“違約”、“侵權(quán)”以及二者的競(jìng)合三方面分析得出“錯(cuò)誤出生”適合的請(qǐng)求基礎(chǔ),并提出了“錯(cuò)誤出生”的舉證責(zé)任分配。第四部分主要從缺陷兒自身和缺陷兒父母兩方面來(lái)分析“錯(cuò)誤出生”損害賠償請(qǐng)求權(quán)的主體,從而得出因“錯(cuò)誤出生”遭受損失的真正索賠主體。第五部分則分析“錯(cuò)誤出生”索賠的損失范圍,主要從財(cái)產(chǎn)性損害和非財(cái)產(chǎn)性損害兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行分析,并得出賠償范圍的限定。
[Abstract]:Reproductive problems belong to human instinct, but at present, the high level of life science and medical technology can help people to make choices with the help of medicine, in order to achieve good birth and good birth. However, in practice, pregnancy examination, a new medical technology, not only benefits human beings, but also raises new legal problems. In the course of prenatal examination, due to the negligence of the medical institution, the pregnant woman fails to detect in time the malformation or other serious disability of the fetus in the pregnant woman's abdomen. As a result of the failure of a pregnant woman to exercise the right to choose an abortion in time, the birth of a child with congenital disability (or defect) and the birth of a newborn child with a defect (or disability) often result in a family of newborns seeking compensation from medical institutions in order to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. Thus the action of "wrong birth" damages is produced. The current law has not yet made a clear provision for the disputes mentioned above, and the handling of the disputes in practice is not consistent. Therefore, the article mainly discusses the three controversial issues in the false birth. This paper is divided into five parts, through case analysis, comparative method and empirical research methods to analyze. The first part, through a typical case, leads to three controversial issues arising from "false birth" and concludes the focus of the dispute. The second part is a basic overview of "wrong birth", which first introduces the origin and concept of "false birth". Then it analyzes the differences between "wrong birth" and related concepts "wrong life", "false pregnancy" and "medical malpractice", so as to have a clear and accurate understanding of "wrong birth", which is also the basis of this paper. The third, fourth and fifth parts analyze the dispute focus of "wrong birth" in practice, the third part analyzes the basis of claim for damages of "wrong birth", respectively from "breach of contract". Based on the analysis of "tort" and their concurrence, the author puts forward the suitable request basis of "wrong birth" and puts forward the distribution of burden of proof of "wrong birth". The fourth part mainly analyzes the main body of the claim right of "wrong birth" damage compensation from two aspects: the defective child itself and the defective child's parents, and then obtains the real subject of the claim for the loss caused by the "wrong birth". The fifth part analyzes the loss scope of "false birth" claim, mainly from two aspects of property damage and non-property damage, and obtains the limitation of compensation scope.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：渤海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923

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本文編號(hào)：2263675