【摘要】：在西方國(guó)家侵權(quán)法下風(fēng)險(xiǎn)自負(fù)原則在運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)域的適用是很普遍的司法實(shí)務(wù),其著重強(qiáng)調(diào)在被告存在過(guò)失侵權(quán)致人傷害的情況下賠償責(zé)任的豁免。而在我國(guó)法律環(huán)境中,運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上如果發(fā)生"犯規(guī)"等行為過(guò)失致人傷害時(shí)更應(yīng)該適當(dāng)阻卻風(fēng)險(xiǎn)自負(fù)原則的適用,在行為人無(wú)過(guò)失行為致人傷害時(shí),才啟動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)自負(fù)原則的全部適用,行為人無(wú)賠償義務(wù)。一些特殊運(yùn)動(dòng)主體如未成年人、新興運(yùn)動(dòng)參與者、觀眾等,在涉及到此幾類(lèi)特殊主體的傷害事件時(shí),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)自負(fù)原則的適用和阻卻適用應(yīng)與該原則的常規(guī)適用條件和方法有所區(qū)別,如應(yīng)綜合考慮未成年對(duì)危險(xiǎn)的預(yù)知能力、行為自控能力較差;綜合考慮新興運(yùn)動(dòng)與眾不同的固有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及參與者對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)固有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有限的知曉程度;觀眾群體與運(yùn)動(dòng)員群體"風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不對(duì)等""活動(dòng)范圍空間互相侵犯程度不一"等因素。
[Abstract]:The application of the principle of risk conceit in the field of sports is a common judicial practice under the tort law of western countries, which emphasizes the immunity of liability in the case where the defendant is injured by negligent tort. In the legal environment of our country, if "foul" occurs on the sports ground, the application of the principle of risk conceit should be obstructed when the principle of "foul" or other behavior negligence results in injury, and when the perpetrator does not commit a negligent act to cause injury, Only by initiating the full application of the risk-bearing principle, the actor has no obligation to compensate. Some special sports subjects, such as minors, participants in emerging sports, spectators, etc., when it comes to injury events involving these special subjects, The application and hindrance of the principle of risk conceit should be different from the general conditions and methods of application of the principle, such as the ability to predict the danger of minors should be considered comprehensively, and the ability of self-control of behavior should be poor. The factors such as the unique inherent risk of emerging sport and the limited awareness of the participants to the inherent risk of sports, the "unequal risk" between the audience group and the athletes group, and the different degree of encroachment of the scope of activities between the audience and athletes are considered comprehensively.
【作者單位】： 重慶大學(xué)體育學(xué)院;重慶大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：重慶大學(xué)學(xué)�？萍紕�(chuàng)新專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(社科類(lèi))項(xiàng)目“侵權(quán)法下風(fēng)險(xiǎn)自負(fù)原則的適用條件研究”階段性研究成果 中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)(106112015CDJSK25XK14)資助
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D923
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本文編號(hào)：2250153