論網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)及法律保護
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-03 16:01
【摘要】：隨著網(wǎng)絡技術(shù)的發(fā)展和應用的普及，傳統(tǒng)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護體系受到了前所未有的沖擊。網(wǎng)絡大大改變了人們的生活方式和交流方式，人們足不出戶，就能迅速了解到全球各個角落發(fā)生的事件。與此同時，，網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境下著作權(quán)的保護范圍和權(quán)利內(nèi)容也在不斷擴大和深化，其專有性、地域性、時間性等基本特征出現(xiàn)了弱化的趨勢，網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)的糾紛也隨之而起，大量涌現(xiàn)。盡管我國近年來對網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)保護力度在不斷加強，但是在司法實踐中，仍然存在諸多問題，本文重點圍繞網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)的法律保護問題、當前在司法審判實踐中網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的司法適用問題以及完善網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)保護等課題展開討論。 第一部分闡述了網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)的基礎理論問題，通過對其概念、主體、客體和內(nèi)容的詳細闡述，網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)是因網(wǎng)絡而產(chǎn)生的作者對其創(chuàng)作的文學、藝術(shù)和科學作品依法享有的專有權(quán)利。本章節(jié)還重點介紹了網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境下的全新主體，即網(wǎng)絡內(nèi)容服務提供商和網(wǎng)絡服務提供商的基本概念。 第二部分闡述了網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的問題，首先介紹了網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的定義，其次分析了網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)具有侵權(quán)客體的無形性、侵權(quán)主體的集體性、侵權(quán)證據(jù)的隱匿性和司法管轄的不確定性等特征，最后筆者以侵權(quán)主體為對象對侵權(quán)行為進行了分類，并依次闡述了網(wǎng)絡內(nèi)容服務提供商、網(wǎng)絡服務提供商和網(wǎng)絡用戶三大類主體的著作權(quán)侵權(quán)行為。 第三部分闡述了網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的法律責任。首先介紹了網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的歸責原則，我國以過錯責任原則作為網(wǎng)絡侵權(quán)的歸責原則，但在直接侵權(quán)的情況下，適用無過錯責任原則是比較合理的，因此在直接侵權(quán)和間接侵權(quán)中應適用不同的歸責原則。其次，網(wǎng)絡內(nèi)容服務商的法律地位如同網(wǎng)下傳統(tǒng)的電臺、電視臺，在間接侵權(quán)的情況下，適用過錯責任，但在直接侵權(quán)的情況下，筆者認為應適用無過錯責任原則。最后，網(wǎng)絡服務提供商也適用過錯責任原則，但應根據(jù)其是否盡到了合理的監(jiān)控義務來確定其是否有過錯。 第四部分著重對美國和日本的網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)法律規(guī)定進行比較研究。筆者分別將美國和日本法律中涉及對網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)保護以及打擊網(wǎng)絡侵權(quán)的規(guī)定予以介紹，目的在于舉他山之石而攻玉，為我國有效保護網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)提供參考。美國的網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)立法走在時代的前列，著名的“避風港原則”為世界多國所借鑒，其還將進一步加重網(wǎng)絡服務提供商的法律責任。與美國不同，歐盟著作權(quán)立法注重保護權(quán)利人的人身權(quán)，在著作權(quán)權(quán)利轉(zhuǎn)讓方面限制更加嚴格。日本網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)立法則協(xié)調(diào)了網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)各主體間的利益，明確了網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境中的權(quán)利限制，并提出了對規(guī)避技術(shù)措施和改變著作權(quán)管理信息的法律救濟。 第五部分筆者闡述了我國當前在保護網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)司法適用方面存在的問題與完善建議。第一節(jié)介紹了我國網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)法律保護的立法現(xiàn)狀，我國在網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)立法方面也做了許多努力和探索，逐漸形成了一個完善的法律體系，并且在司法實踐和法學理論研究方面起到了重要作用，但仍需加快理論研究的步伐，為網(wǎng)絡產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提供保障。第二節(jié)介紹了我國網(wǎng)絡侵權(quán)司法實踐方面存在的不足，由于中國在整個知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護方面的滯后性，導致我國現(xiàn)階段網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)法律保護中存在著刑法保護力度不夠、司法管轄難、舉證難、執(zhí)行難等諸多問題，這些問題導致了著作權(quán)人在合法權(quán)益受到侵害時，其人身權(quán)利和財產(chǎn)權(quán)利難以得到有效的保障。第三節(jié)著重闡述我國保護網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)侵權(quán)的立法完善。首先，筆者建議我國立法機關(guān)應當針對前述問題，完善當前的法律制度，充分保護知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法益不受侵害，如建議增設網(wǎng)絡著作權(quán)犯罪的罪名、指定特殊的證據(jù)規(guī)定、提高打擊網(wǎng)絡盜版的震懾力等。其次，在立法時要有適當?shù)那罢靶�，對社會發(fā)展過程中將要發(fā)生的情況作出預判，對我國網(wǎng)絡侵權(quán)的法律保護作好遠景規(guī)劃。再次，應該發(fā)展和完善著作權(quán)集體管理制度，通過“延伸性集體管理”的方式平衡各方利益，減少侵權(quán)行為的出現(xiàn)，使作品有效地利用，但此項管理僅限于著作權(quán)的財產(chǎn)屬性上，而不適用于人身屬性上。最后，世界貿(mào)易組織的成員國，我國應兌現(xiàn)對各國的承諾，履行國際義務，因此在立法時應當借鑒國際保護標準，吸收國際條約的精神。
[Abstract]:With the development and popularization of network technology, the traditional intellectual property protection system has been impacted unprecedentedly. The network has greatly changed people's way of life and communication. Without going out, people can quickly understand the events happening in every corner of the world. At the same time, the scope of copyright protection in the network environment and The content of the right is also expanding and deepening, its exclusiveness, regionality, timeliness and other basic characteristics appear weakening trend, network copyright disputes also arise, a large number of emergence. Around the legal protection of network copyright, the judicial application of network copyright infringement in judicial practice and the improvement of network copyright protection are discussed.
The first part elaborates the basic theoretical issues of network copyright. Through the elaboration of its concept, subject, object and content, network copyright is the exclusive right of the author to the literary, artistic and scientific works created by the network. This chapter also focuses on the new subject under the network environment, namely the network. The basic concepts of content service providers and network service providers.
The second part expounds the problem of network copyright infringement, first introduces the definition of network copyright infringement, secondly analyzes the characteristics of network copyright infringement, such as the invisibility of infringement object, the collectivity of infringement subject, the concealment of infringement evidence and the uncertainty of judicial jurisdiction, and finally the author takes the infringement subject as the object of infringement. Acts are classified and the copyright infringement acts of three main bodies, namely, network content service providers, network service providers and network users, are expounded in turn.
The third part elaborates the legal liability of network copyright infringement.Firstly, it introduces the principle of liability fixation for network copyright infringement.Our country takes the principle of fault liability as the principle of liability fixation for network infringement, but in the case of direct infringement, it is more reasonable to apply the principle of no-fault liability, so it should not be applied in direct infringement and indirect infringement. Secondly, the legal status of network content service providers is similar to that of traditional radio and television stations under the network. In the case of indirect infringement, the liability for fault is applicable, but in the case of direct infringement, the author believes that the principle of liability without fault should be applied. Finally, network service providers also apply the principle of liability for fault, but should be based on whether or not it is. We have done a reasonable duty of monitoring to determine whether there is any fault.
The fourth part focuses on the comparative study of the legal provisions of network copyright infringement between the United States and Japan.The author introduces the provisions of the United States and Japan respectively concerning the protection of network copyright and the fight against network infringement in order to provide reference for the effective protection of network copyright in China. Unlike the United States, EU copyright legislation focuses on protecting the personal rights of the obligee and restricts the transfer of copyright more strictly. Copyright legislation coordinates the interests of various subjects of network copyright, clarifies the limitations of rights in the network environment, and puts forward legal remedies to circumvent technical measures and change copyright management information.
In the fifth part, the author expounds the existing problems and suggestions in the judicial application of the protection of network copyright infringement in our country. The first section introduces the current legislative situation of the legal protection of network copyright infringement in our country, and our country has made a lot of efforts and exploration in the legislation of network copyright, and gradually formed a perfect legal body. It also plays an important role in judicial practice and legal theory research, but it still needs to speed up the pace of theoretical research to provide protection for the development of the network industry. There are many problems in the legal protection of network copyright, such as inadequate criminal law protection, difficult judicial jurisdiction, difficult proof, difficult enforcement, etc. These problems lead to copyright owners'personal rights and property rights are difficult to be effectively protected when their legitimate rights and interests are infringed. Section 3 focuses on the protection of network copyright infringement legislation in China. Firstly, the author suggests that the legislature of our country should perfect the current legal system and fully protect the legal interests of intellectual property rights against infringement in view of the aforementioned problems, such as adding charges of copyright crimes on the internet, specifying special evidential provisions, and improving the deterrent against network piracy. Third, we should develop and improve the copyright collective management system, balance the interests of all parties through the way of "extended collective management", reduce the occurrence of infringement, and make effective use of works, but this management should be developed and improved. Finally, the member countries of the World Trade Organization should fulfill their commitments to all countries and fulfill their international obligations. Therefore, we should learn from international protection standards and absorb the spirit of international treaties in legislation.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D923.41
本文編號：2220468
[Abstract]:With the development and popularization of network technology, the traditional intellectual property protection system has been impacted unprecedentedly. The network has greatly changed people's way of life and communication. Without going out, people can quickly understand the events happening in every corner of the world. At the same time, the scope of copyright protection in the network environment and The content of the right is also expanding and deepening, its exclusiveness, regionality, timeliness and other basic characteristics appear weakening trend, network copyright disputes also arise, a large number of emergence. Around the legal protection of network copyright, the judicial application of network copyright infringement in judicial practice and the improvement of network copyright protection are discussed.
The first part elaborates the basic theoretical issues of network copyright. Through the elaboration of its concept, subject, object and content, network copyright is the exclusive right of the author to the literary, artistic and scientific works created by the network. This chapter also focuses on the new subject under the network environment, namely the network. The basic concepts of content service providers and network service providers.
The second part expounds the problem of network copyright infringement, first introduces the definition of network copyright infringement, secondly analyzes the characteristics of network copyright infringement, such as the invisibility of infringement object, the collectivity of infringement subject, the concealment of infringement evidence and the uncertainty of judicial jurisdiction, and finally the author takes the infringement subject as the object of infringement. Acts are classified and the copyright infringement acts of three main bodies, namely, network content service providers, network service providers and network users, are expounded in turn.
The third part elaborates the legal liability of network copyright infringement.Firstly, it introduces the principle of liability fixation for network copyright infringement.Our country takes the principle of fault liability as the principle of liability fixation for network infringement, but in the case of direct infringement, it is more reasonable to apply the principle of no-fault liability, so it should not be applied in direct infringement and indirect infringement. Secondly, the legal status of network content service providers is similar to that of traditional radio and television stations under the network. In the case of indirect infringement, the liability for fault is applicable, but in the case of direct infringement, the author believes that the principle of liability without fault should be applied. Finally, network service providers also apply the principle of liability for fault, but should be based on whether or not it is. We have done a reasonable duty of monitoring to determine whether there is any fault.
The fourth part focuses on the comparative study of the legal provisions of network copyright infringement between the United States and Japan.The author introduces the provisions of the United States and Japan respectively concerning the protection of network copyright and the fight against network infringement in order to provide reference for the effective protection of network copyright in China. Unlike the United States, EU copyright legislation focuses on protecting the personal rights of the obligee and restricts the transfer of copyright more strictly. Copyright legislation coordinates the interests of various subjects of network copyright, clarifies the limitations of rights in the network environment, and puts forward legal remedies to circumvent technical measures and change copyright management information.
In the fifth part, the author expounds the existing problems and suggestions in the judicial application of the protection of network copyright infringement in our country. The first section introduces the current legislative situation of the legal protection of network copyright infringement in our country, and our country has made a lot of efforts and exploration in the legislation of network copyright, and gradually formed a perfect legal body. It also plays an important role in judicial practice and legal theory research, but it still needs to speed up the pace of theoretical research to provide protection for the development of the network industry. There are many problems in the legal protection of network copyright, such as inadequate criminal law protection, difficult judicial jurisdiction, difficult proof, difficult enforcement, etc. These problems lead to copyright owners'personal rights and property rights are difficult to be effectively protected when their legitimate rights and interests are infringed. Section 3 focuses on the protection of network copyright infringement legislation in China. Firstly, the author suggests that the legislature of our country should perfect the current legal system and fully protect the legal interests of intellectual property rights against infringement in view of the aforementioned problems, such as adding charges of copyright crimes on the internet, specifying special evidential provisions, and improving the deterrent against network piracy. Third, we should develop and improve the copyright collective management system, balance the interests of all parties through the way of "extended collective management", reduce the occurrence of infringement, and make effective use of works, but this management should be developed and improved. Finally, the member countries of the World Trade Organization should fulfill their commitments to all countries and fulfill their international obligations. Therefore, we should learn from international protection standards and absorb the spirit of international treaties in legislation.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D923.41
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